Seasonal and inter-annual lipid dynamics of spiny cheek grouper (Epinephelus diacanthus) in the southern coast of India

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1677-1686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kajal Chakraborty ◽  
Deepu Joseph ◽  
Selsa Jose Chakkalakal
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Arabian Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Lipid Dynamics ◽  
South West ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
South West Coast

The muscle lipid, fatty acids and total cholesterol profiles of the spiny cheek grouper, Epinephelus diacanthus, collected from south-west (Arabian Sea) and south-east coasts (Bay of Bengal) of India were evaluated over four years (2008–2011) with regard to three seasons (pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon). Fatty acids were correlated with chlorophyll-a concentration and sea surface temperature. Lipid content, total polyunsaturated, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic fatty acids of the samples from the south-west coast showed positive correlation with chlorophyll-a concentration during the monsoon (r2 = 0.93, 0.97, 0.97 and 0.99, respectively). Higher hypocholesterolaemic/hypercholesterolaemic ratio (>1.0) and low atherogenic (<1.2), thrombogenicity (≤0.6) indices make the groupers collected from the coast of the Arabian Sea a valued candidate species for human nutrition. High levels of n-3 fatty acids (>19% during post-monsoon), important in the human diet for their platelet anti-aggregating and blood pressure-reducing properties, for groupers collected from the south-west coast, with higher n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratio (>5.1) proved this species from the coast of the Arabian Sea to be a desirable item in the human diet.

Inter-annual and seasonal dynamics of amino acid, mineral and vitamin composition of silver belly Leiognathus splendens

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kajal Chakraborty ◽  
Deepu Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
The South ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
South West ◽  
South West Coast ◽  
Protein Amino Acids

Silver bellies, Leiognathus splendens were studied for their spatial (south-west and south-east coasts of India), annual (2008–2011) and seasonal (pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon) variations of protein, amino acids, vitamins and minerals. The monthly mean Sea Viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor data for the period from January 2008 to December 2011 were taken into account to indicate the distribution of the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll-a to test the hypothesis that surface productivity might be related to nutritional biochemistry of this species. The four year average total protein content and chlorophyll-a showed good correlation during monsoon on the south-west coast and monsoon/post-monsoon on the south-east coast, suggesting that the protein content is prejudiced by the chlorophyll-a concentration. Amino acid scores observed monsoon maxima along the south-west and south-east coasts. Significant seasonal variations in vitamin content were observed at the study locations with high content of vitamins D3, E, K1 and C on the south-west coast. Na content was maximal during pre-monsoon on the south-west coast, while post-monsoon maxima of Ca and K content were observed. The Fe, Mn and Zn were abundant in the samples collected from the south-west coast. The concentration of Se exhibited maximum values post-monsoon along the south-west and south-east coasts. The present study demonstrated L. splendens as a valuable source of the protein, amino acids, minerals and vitamins, showing that this low-value species is a good source of well balanced proteins with high biological value to be qualified as a preferred healthy food for human consumption.

Comparison of Lipid Profile in Three Species of Myctophids from the South West Coast of Kerala, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libin Baby ◽  
Thazhakot Vasunambisan Sankar ◽  
Rangasamy Anandan
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
South West Coast

scholarly journals Air-Sea Fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> from the Penlee Point Atmospheric Observatory on the South West Coast of the UK

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yang ◽  
T. G. Bell ◽  
F. E. Hopkins ◽  
V. Kitidis ◽  
P. W. Cazenave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Flux Measurement ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
The South ◽  
Eddy Covariance Method ◽  
Spring Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
South West ◽  
South West Coast

Abstract. We present air-sea fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), momentum, and sensible heat measured by the eddy covariance method from the recently established Penlee Point Atmospheric Observatory (PPAO) on the South West coast of the United Kingdom. Measurements from the southwest direction (background marine air) at three different sampling heights (approximately 15, 18, 27 m above mean sea level, AMSL) in three different periods during 2014–2015 are shown. At sampling heights ≥ 18 m AMSL, measured fluxes of momentum and sensible heat demonstrate reasonable agreement with their expected transfer rates over the open ocean. This confirms the suitability of PPAO for air-sea exchange measurements. We observed reductions in the air-to-sea fluxes of CO2 from spring to summer in both years, which coincided with the breakdown of the spring phytoplankton bloom. At all sampling heights, mean CH4 fluxes were positive, suggesting marine emissions. Higher CH4 fluxes were observed during rising tides (20&amp;pm;3; 29&amp;pm;6; 38&amp;pm;3 μmole m−2 d−1 at 15, 27, 18 m AMSL) than during falling tides (14&amp;pm;2; 21&amp;pm;5; 22&amp;pm;2 μmole m−2 d−1, respectively), consistent with an elevated CH4 source from an estuarine outflow driven by local tidal circulation. Based on observations at PPAO, we also estimate the detection limit of the eddy covariance CH4 flux measurement to be ~20 μmole m−2 d−1 over hourly timescales (~4 μmole m−2 d−1 over 24 hours).

Formal versus informal: Insights into the credit transactions of small-scale fishers along the south west coast of India

Marine Policy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinoj Parappurathu ◽  
C. Ramachandran ◽  
K.K. Baiju ◽  
Antony Kurisunkal Xavier
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The South ◽  
West Coast Of India ◽  
South West ◽  
South West Coast

Homeric Qualities in the Life and Literature of the Great Blasket Island

1969 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-168
Author(s):  
J. V. Luce
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
The South ◽  
Oral Culture ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
South West ◽  
The Status ◽  
South West Coast

In the ten years between 1929 and 1939 three remarkable books were produced in a tiny Irish-speaking community of less than one hundred and fifty people living on the Great Blasket, an island off the south-west coast of Kerry. The authors, two men and a woman, were peasants, eking out a scanty living by farming and fishing. They were technically literate in that they had acquired the rudiments of reading and writing at the island school, but for all practical purposes their culture was oral. They certainly had neither opportunity nor inclination for book-reading. Yet out of the resources of their oral culture they produced works of a high literary standard, one of which has (in translation) achieved the status of a ‘World's Classic’.

scholarly journals Air–sea fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> from the Penlee Point Atmospheric Observatory on the south-west coast of the UK

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 5745-5761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingxi Yang ◽  
Thomas G. Bell ◽  
Frances E. Hopkins ◽  
Vassilis Kitidis ◽  
Pierre W. Cazenave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
The South ◽  
Sea Transport ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
South West ◽  
South West Coast

Abstract. We present air–sea fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), momentum, and sensible heat measured by the eddy covariance method from the recently established Penlee Point Atmospheric Observatory (PPAO) on the south-west coast of the United Kingdom. Measurements from the south-westerly direction (open water sector) were made at three different sampling heights (approximately 15, 18, and 27 m above mean sea level, a.m.s.l.), each from a different period during 2014–2015. At sampling heights  ≥  18 m a.m.s.l., measured fluxes of momentum and sensible heat demonstrate reasonable ( ≤  ±20 % in the mean) agreement with transfer rates over the open ocean. This confirms the suitability of PPAO for air–sea exchange measurements in shelf regions. Covariance air–sea CO2 fluxes demonstrate high temporal variability. Air-to-sea transport of CO2 declined from spring to summer in both years, coinciding with the breakdown of the spring phytoplankton bloom. We report, to the best of our knowledge, the first successful eddy covariance measurements of CH4 emissions from a marine environment. Higher sea-to-air CH4 fluxes were observed during rising tides (20 ± 3; 38 ± 3; 29 ± 6 µmole m−2 d−1 at 15, 18, 27 m a.m.s.l.) than during falling tides (14 ± 2; 22 ± 2; 21 ± 5 µmole m−2 d−1), consistent with an elevated CH4 source from an estuarine outflow driven by local tidal circulation. These fluxes are a few times higher than the predicted CH4 emissions over the open ocean and are significantly lower than estimates from other aquatic CH4 hotspots (e.g. polar regions, freshwater). Finally, we found the detection limit of the air–sea CH4 flux by eddy covariance to be 20 µmole m−2 d−1 over hourly timescales (4 µmole m−2 d−1 over 24 h).

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