scholarly journals The spatial and agricultural basis of crop raiding by the Vulnerable common hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius around Ruaha National Park, Tanzania

Oryx ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne J. Kendall
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Crop Raiding ◽  
Hippopotamus Amphibius ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ruaha National Park ◽  
Considerable Pressure ◽  
Management And Conservation

AbstractCategorized as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, the common hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius is under considerable pressure from habitat degradation and hunting. Although human–hippopotamus conflict is known to increase retaliatory killing and culling of hippopotamuses, the issue has been little examined. Using interviews I investigated various spatial, ecological and agricultural factors that influence the vulnerability of farms to crop raiding by hippopotamuses in three villages to the south-east of Ruaha National Park, Tanzania. There was a positive correlation between these crop-raiding events and a farm’s proximity to the river and to hippopotamus access points (places where hippopotamuses leave and enter the river). Results from this study provide insights for management and conservation of hippopotamuses, including a need to identify key habitat areas to mitigate future conflict.

scholarly journals Current status and distribution of the Vulnerable common hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius in Mozambique

Oryx ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Mackie ◽  
Kevin M. Dunham ◽  
Andrea Ghiurghi
Keyword(s):  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
Hippopotamus Amphibius ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Common ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Zambezi River

AbstractPopulations of the common hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius in Mozambique were surveyed in 2010 during a national survey of the crocodile Crocodylus niloticus. Numbers of hippos seen during aerial counts along major rivers and lake shores were corrected to allow for undercounting of groups and these data were supplemented with the results of other recent surveys. There are now estimated to be c. 3,000 hippos in Mozambique and c. 50% of these live in Lake Cabora Bassa or the Zambezi River. The national total is much lower than the figure of 16,000–20,500 hippos estimated in 1986, used for the latest (v. 2012.1) IUCN Red List. The 1986 total included an estimated 10,000–12,000 in Marromeu Complex, an area that includes the southern Zambezi delta. We review the results of past surveys and find that the number of hippos in Marromeu Complex in 1986 was probably three times fewer than estimated. Although the number of hippos in this area declined markedly during the 1980s we believe that the 1986 overestimate of hippos in Marromeu Complex is an error that has been perpetuated for 25 years. Particular care should be taken when Red List assessments roll-over old and unsupported estimates of numbers. Even if an old estimate was accurate there comes a time when it should not simply be rolled-over. The 2007 IUCN Species Survival Commission's African Elephant Status Report provides a model for future assessments of the status of the common hippopotamus, categorizing the numbers of a species according to the type of survey, its reliability, and how long ago it was conducted.

Population abundance of the common hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius in the Haut Niger National Park, Republic of Guinea / Abondance de la population d'hippopotame commun Hippopotamus amphibius dans le Parc National du Haut Niger, République de Guinée

Mammalia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brugière ◽  
Bakary Magassouba ◽  
Amidou Sylla ◽  
Halimou Diallo ◽  
Mamadou Sow
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Republic Of Guinea ◽  
Hippopotamus Amphibius ◽  
The Status ◽  
Grazing Area ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Republic

AbstractThe Republic of Guinea is thought to contain the largest population of common hippopotamus in West Africa. However, no systematic field survey has been carried out recently and the information available is limited to informal observations. To clarify the status of the common hippopotamus in Guinea, we carried out a biannual population survey along the section of the Niger River (the largest river in Guinea) within the Haut Niger National Park. We counted 93 hippopotamuses in 28 groups in the dry season and 77 hippopotamuses in 23 groups in the wet season. Mean group size and number of neonates did not change between the seasons. Hippopotomuses were more numerous along the river sections bordering uncultivated floodplains. This underlines the significance of this habitat (which is used as a grazing area) for conservation of this species. Haut Niger National Park is the most important protected area in Guinea for conservation of the common hippopotamus. Hippopotamus-human and -cattle conflicts in terms of floodplain use in the park's buffer zone should be closely monitored. Floodplain conversion to rice fields represents one of the most important threats to the long-term conservation of hippopotamus populations in Guinea.

Liparis popaensis (Orchidaceae), a new species from Myanmar

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 413 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
AYE THIN MU ◽  
YE LWIN AUNG ◽  
XIAOHUA JIN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Red List Categories ◽  
A New Species

Liparis popaensis, a new species of Orchidaceae, is described from Popa Mountain National Park, central Myanmar. Liparis popaensis is morphologically similar to L. odorata but it differs from the latter by having oblong-lanceolate dorsal sepal, column with two triangular wings and lip with a pair of subconical and basally adjoining calli at its base. Identification key and colour photographs are provided. A preliminary conservation assessment according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria is given for the new species.

Gravesia serratifolia (Melastomataceae: Sonerileae), a new species from Marojejy National Park, Madagascar

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 391 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
FRANK ALMEDA ◽  
HERITIANA RANARIVELO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Red List Categories ◽  
A New Species

Gravesia serratifolia, a new species from upper elevations of Marojejy National Park in northeastern Madagascar, is herein described, illustrated, mapped, and compared with similar species. It is readily characterized by its sparingly branched habit, leaf blades coarsely serrate with a moderate to sparse lepidote indumentum on both surfaces, inflorescence of few-flowered dichasia, calyx obsolete or evident as depressed truncate undulations with prominent calyx teeth that are laterally compressed when fresh, filaments with rusty-brown glandlike indumentum, and dorso-basal staminal appendages linear-oblong and widely spreading to coiled. A conservation assessment of Vulnerable is recommended for this species based on IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

scholarly journals The Presence of IUCN Red List Tree Species in Dependence of Site Characteristics in the Vietnamese Cat Ba National Park

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Van Vien Pham ◽  
Christian Ammer ◽  
Peter Annighöfer
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Rock Surface ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Endangered Tree ◽  
Site Characteristics

Rare or endangered tree species are important components of forest ecosystems and play a crucial role in management and conservation. Understanding what influences their presence is critical for managers, conservationists and planners. This study presents results of a comprehensive inventory of the tree species and site characteristics in the Vietnamese Cat Ba National Park (CBNP). An adaptive cluster sampling technique was applied to study the effect of human disturbance, soil properties, and terrain conditions on the presence of IUCN Red List tree species (all individuals > 5 cm diameter at breast height) in three strictly protected areas in CBNP, which have varying levels of isolation. Data from 239 sample plots (500 m2 each) were analyzed. Tree species recorded during the inventory were assigned to two categories: IUCN Red List and other. Our results showed that site characteristics differed in the three protected areas along with the presence of IUCN Red List tree species. IUCN Red List tree species were more frequently found on less favorable soils (low soil depth) and in terrain with more pronounced slopes and with a higher rock surface area (%). However, there is no indication from existing information on the autecology of the different Red List species that the site conditions hosting the species are the ones favored by the species, even on the contrary for some. Although direct signs of human activity (paths, animal traps) could not be related to the presence of Red List tree species, the data suggest that the accessibility of the sites is a strong negative driver for the presence of Red List tree species. We conclude that protection of the forests of the Cat Ba Island should be stricter to allow the IUCN Red List tree species to grow under more appropriate conditions, which then would allow studying their ecology in more detail. This would further allow deriving more precise recommendations for their future protection.

Population abundance of the common hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius in the Haut Niger National Park, Republic of Guinea / Abondance de la population d'hippopotame commun Hippopotamus amphibius dans le Parc National du Haut Niger, République de Guinée

Mammalia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brugière ◽  
Bakary Magassouba ◽  
Amidou Sylla ◽  
Halimou Diallo ◽  
Mamadou Sow
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Republic Of Guinea ◽  
Hippopotamus Amphibius ◽  
The Status ◽  
Grazing Area ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Republic

AbstractThe Republic of Guinea is thought to contain the largest population of common hippopotamus in West Africa. However, no systematic field survey has been carried out recently and the information available is limited to informal observations. To clarify the status of the common hippopotamus in Guinea, we carried out a biannual population survey along the section of the Niger River (the largest river in Guinea) within the Haut Niger National Park. We counted 93 hippopotamuses in 28 groups in the dry season and 77 hippopotamuses in 23 groups in the wet season. Mean group size and number of neonates did not change between the seasons. Hippopotomuses were more numerous along the river sections bordering uncultivated floodplains. This underlines the significance of this habitat (which is used as a grazing area) for conservation of this species. Haut Niger National Park is the most important protected area in Guinea for conservation of the common hippopotamus. Hippopotamus-human and -cattle conflicts in terms of floodplain use in the park's buffer zone should be closely monitored. Floodplain conversion to rice fields represents one of the most important threats to the long-term conservation of hippopotamus populations in Guinea.

scholarly journals Declining population of the Vulnerable common hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius in Bénoué National Park, Cameroon (1976–2013): the importance of conservation presence

Oryx ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Scholte ◽  
Emmanuel Iyah
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Population Trend ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Northern Half ◽  
Hippopotamus Amphibius ◽  
Habitat Conversion ◽  
The Common ◽  
Sport Hunting

AbstractPopulations of the common hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius have undergone widespread decline as a result of habitat conversion and hunting for bushmeat and, increasingly, for ivory. North Cameroon holds important populations of large mammals, including the hippopotamus. The species' status and population trend are poorly known, and led CITES to suspend trade in hippopotamus trophies in 2013. Using the methodology of surveys conducted during 1976–1987, we conducted counts of the hippopotamus in Bénoué National Park during the wet season of 2011 and dry season of 2013, and drew on unpublished biannual density counts conducted by the Garoua Wildlife College, Cameroon, during 1989–2010. Counts along the 100 km stretch of the Bénoué River in the Park indicated a reduction from 400 individuals in 1987 to 188 in 2013. However, linear densities along a 15–32 km stretch in proximity to the Park headquarters and two tourist camps were constant during 1976–2013 (c. 3.7 individuals km−1). Hippopotamus distribution was negatively associated with the presence of the camps of gold diggers, which occupied the northern half of the Park. Observations of antelopes suggested they had a comparable distribution, unlike primates, which were distributed relatively evenly. Our results show the importance of year-round conservation presence in the Park, which could be achieved with adequate personnel, a functional road system, and reinforcement of operations in neighbouring sport-hunting areas.

scholarly journals Diurnal activity budget of Hippopotamus amphibius at Bui National Park, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfred Bempah ◽  
Daniel Osei Owusu
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Activity Budget ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Diurnal Activity ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hippopotamus Amphibius ◽  
Behavioral Activities ◽  
Management And Conservation

Animals apportion time for their daily behavioral activities. We studied the activity budget of Hippopotamus amphibius at the Black Volta River in the Bui National Park, Ghana. We performed instantaneous scan sample using ground count survey between August 2020 to July 2021. We observed that H. amphibius spent most of their day time resting (54.75 %), followed by feeding (22.93 %), walking (19.2 %) and touching (3.12 %). We found significant difference in the time spent between the daily activities (H = 41.67; p < 0.0001). Except activities involving touching, we found no significant seasonal differences in feeding, resting and walking activities by H. amphibius. Understanding the behavioral activities of H. amphibius will enhance management and conservation of the animals.

scholarly journals Czerwona lista porostów zagrożonych w Górach Świętokrzyskich [Red List of threatened lichens in the Świętokrzyskie Mts.]

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Stanisław Cieśliński ◽  
Anna Łubek
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Saprobic Fungi ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Threat Status ◽  
Lichen Biota ◽  
The Status ◽  
Świętokrzyski National Park ◽  
Data Deficient

The first regional list of threatened lichens and allied fungi is presented. The list is a result of investigation studies in the Świętokrzyskie Mts. including Świętokrzyski National Park in Central Poland. The status of threat to the lichen and allied fungi species listed has been determined according to the IUCN Red List Categories in version 3.1 (2001). The data obtained were compared with historical ones. Changes of the species main frequency were used as an additional indicator of their threat status. The Red List includes 313 taxa of lichens, lichenicolous and saprobic fungi, which constitute 66% of the Świętokrzyskie Mts. of the local lichen biota and 19.5% of Polish biota. The status of threatened biota has the following categories: Regionally Extinct (RE) - 85 taxa, Critically Endangered (CR) - 57, Endangered (EN) - 36, Vulnerable (VU) - 38, Near Threatened (NT) - 29, Least Concern (LC) - 17 and Data Deficient (DD) - 51. Lichens belonging to RE and CR categories constitute together 30% of the local biota.

scholarly journals Status assessment of the Saddlepeak Dewflower (Murdannia saddlepeakensis Ramana & Nandikar: Commelinaceae): an endemic spiderwort plant of Andaman Islands, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (14) ◽  
pp. 9643
Author(s):  
Johny Kumar Tagore ◽  
Sebastian Soosairaj ◽  
M.U. Venkat Ramana ◽  
M. Sanjappa ◽  
K. N. Ganeshaiah
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Threat Assessment ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Andaman Islands ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Red List Categories

The current distribution and threat assessment of Murdannia saddlepeakensis Ramana & Nandikar (Commelinaceae), an endemic plant of Saddle Peak National Park, northern Andaman is presented here.  The data available from field surveys indicate that this species is Critically Endangered according to the 2011 IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. 

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