Motivational and cognitive factors linked to community integration in homeless veterans: Study 2 – clinically diverse sample

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jonathan K. Wynn ◽  
Sonya Gabrielian ◽  
Gerhard Hellemann ◽  
William P. Horan ◽  
Robert S. Kern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Community Integration ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Supported Housing ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Homeless Veterans

Abstract Background In an initial study (Study 1), we found that motivation predicted community integration (i.e. functional recovery) 12 months after receiving housing in formerly homeless Veterans with a psychotic disorder. The current study examined whether the same pattern would be found in a broader, more clinically diverse, homeless Veteran sample without psychosis. Methods We examined four categories of variables as potential predictors of community integration in non-psychotic Veterans: perception, non-social cognition, social cognition, and motivation at baseline (after participants were engaged in a permanent supported housing program but before receiving housing) and a 12-month follow-up. A total of 82 Veterans had a baseline assessment and 41 returned for testing after 12 months. Results The strongest longitudinal association was between an interview-based measure of motivation (the motivation and pleasure subscale from the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms) at baseline and measures of social integration at 12 months. In addition, cross-lagged panel analyses were consistent with a causal influence of general psychiatric symptoms at baseline driving social integration at 12 months, and reduced expressiveness at baseline driving independent living at 12 months, but there were no significant causal associations with measures of motivation. Conclusions The findings from this study complement and reinforce those in Veterans with psychosis. Across these two studies, our findings suggest that motivational factors are associated at baseline and at 12 months and are particularly important for understanding and improving community integration in recently-housed Veterans across psychiatric diagnoses.

Motivational and cognitive factors linked to community integration in homeless veterans: study 1 – individuals with psychotic disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Michael F. Green ◽  
Jonathan K. Wynn ◽  
Sonya Gabrielian ◽  
Gerhard Hellemann ◽  
William P. Horan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Community Integration ◽  
Supported Housing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Homeless Veterans ◽  
Housing Services ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Little is known about the determinants of community integration (i.e. recovery) for individuals with a history of homelessness, yet such information is essential to develop targeted interventions. Methods We recruited homeless Veterans with a history of psychotic disorders and evaluated four domains of correlates of community integration: perception, non-social cognition, social cognition, and motivation. Baseline assessments occurred after participants were engaged in supported housing services but before they received housing, and again after 12 months. Ninety-five homeless Veterans with a history of psychosis were assessed at baseline and 53 returned after 12 months. We examined both cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships with 12-month community integration. Results The strongest longitudinal association was between a baseline motivational measure and social integration at 12 months. We also observed cross-sectional associations at baseline between motivational measures and community integration, including social, work, and independent living. Cross-lagged panel analyses did not suggest causal associations for the motivational measures. Correlations with perception and non-social cognition were weak. One social cognition measure showed a significant longitudinal correlation with independent living at 12 months that was significant for cross-lagged analysis, consistent with a causal relationship and potential treatment target. Conclusions The relatively selective associations for motivational measures differ from what is typically seen in psychosis, in which all domains are associated with community integration. These findings are presented along with a partner paper (Study 2) to compare findings from this study to an independent sample without a history of psychotic disorders to evaluate the consistency in findings regarding community integration across projects.

scholarly journals Motivational and cognitive correlates of community integration in homeless veterans entering a permanent supported housing program.

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. Horan ◽  
Jonathan K. Wynn ◽  
Sonya Gabrielian ◽  
Shirley M. Glynn ◽  
Gerhard S. Hellemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Integration ◽  
Supported Housing ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Cognitive Correlates ◽  
Homeless Veterans

scholarly journals The predictive value of measures of social cognition for community functioning in schizophrenia: Implications for neuropsychological assessment

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.H.M. PIJNENBORG ◽  
F.K. WITHAAR ◽  
J.J. EVANS ◽  
R.J. VAN DEN BOSCH ◽  
M.E. TIMMERMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Emotion Perception ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Independent Living Skills ◽  
Community Functioning ◽  
Living Skills

AbstractThe objective of this study was to examine the unique contribution of social cognition to the prediction of community functioning and to explore the relevance of social cognition for clinical practice. Forty-six schizophrenia patients and 53 healthy controls were assessed with tests of social cognition [emotion perception and Theory of Mind (ToM)], general cognition, and, within the patient sample, psychiatric symptoms. Community functioning was rated by nurses or family members. Social cognition was a better predictor of community functioning than general cognition or psychiatric symptoms. When the contributions of emotion perception and ToM were examined separately, only ToM contributed significantly to the prediction of community functioning. Independent living skills were poor in patients with impaired social cognition. In controls, social cognition was not related to community functioning. ToM was the best predictor of community functioning in schizophrenia. However, to fully understand a patient’s strengths and weaknesses, assessment of social cognition should always be combined with assessment of general cognition and psychiatric symptoms. (JINS, 2009, 15, 239–247).

Incarceration Histories of Homeless Veterans and Progression Through a National Supported Housing Program

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 514-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Tejani ◽  
R. Rosenheck ◽  
J. Tsai ◽  
W. Kasprow ◽  
J. F. McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Supported Housing ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Homeless Veterans

Referral and Housing Processes in a Long-Term Supported Housing Program for Homeless Veterans

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 1017-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley J. Kasprow ◽  
Robert A. Rosenheck ◽  
Linda Frisman ◽  
Diane DiLella
Keyword(s):  
Supported Housing ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Homeless Veterans

Clinical symptoms, mainly negative symptoms, mediate the influence of neurocognition and social cognition on functional outcome of schizophrenia

2013 ◽  
Vol 146 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chieh-Hsin Lin ◽  
Chieh-Liang Huang ◽  
Yue-Cune Chang ◽  
Po-Wei Chen ◽  
Chun-Yuan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Symptoms

Organisational development, appreciative inquiry and the development of Psychologically Informed Environments (PIEs): part two: the pilot study and evaluation

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Quinney ◽  
Leo Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Appreciative Inquiry ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Emotional Awareness ◽  
Supported Housing ◽  
Organisational Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Approach

Purpose – Part One of this duo of papers outlined the appreciative inquiry (AI) philosophy, a strengths-based “positive psychology” and organisational development (OD) approach which is intrinsically creative and generative, and has been found to work well in many fields. The purpose of this paper is to describe its application in homeless hostels and demonstrates the benefits of using AI with the staff and residents, as both a personal development and an OD tool for hostels who want to become a psychologically informed environment (PIE). Design/methodology/approach – This is a case study exploring a new approach to the development of a PIE. The background of the approach and the way it contributes to a PIE as described in Part One is briefly summarised, and the implementation pilot project is discussed; the appreciative conversation and the 5 D cycle are key AI “tools” which were used. The inclusion of positive psychology approaches is referenced. In addition, in the spirit of evidence-generating practice in PIEs, preliminary quantitative and qualitative findings are reported to identify the outcomes of the approach – including client motivation, desire to build positive relationships, and increased emotional awareness. Findings – Residents responded very well to the approach, and a high proportion continued to apply their learning, making major steps towards independent living. This was backed up by quantitative data demonstrating effective outcomes for the supported housing sector, and qualitative themes start to illuminate the psychological processes behind the outcomes. The openness of PIEs to alternative psychologies is further demonstrated. The model was rolled out to other Westminster hostels. Originality/value – AI is well-established as an OD process and less well known as a personal development approach; but has not previously been articulated as a tool for working with hostel residents or for developing PIEs. This strength-based approach is an alternative to some of the problem-based psychological approaches that have been used. In addition, the AI intervention illustrated defining features of a PIE such as reflective awareness.

scholarly journals Stress factors in persons with intellectual disabilities in different types of housing

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Daniela Tamas ◽  
Nina Brkic-Jovanovic ◽  
Danica Vasiljevic
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Supported Housing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Different Types ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

Introduction. Type of housing is of great importance for the overall quality of life and general psychosocial well-being of persons with intellectual disabilities, as evidenced by the results of numerous studies showing that people with intellectual disabilities living in institutions have a lower level of life satisfaction compared to those living in the open community. Material and Methods. In order to determine the levels of experienced stress related to the type of housing in people with intellectual disabilities, we carried out a study including 122 persons with intellectual disabilities living in different types of housing; in institutions (n = 51), with families (n = 38), and in the supported housing program (n = 33). The Life Stress Inventory was used for the purpose of this research. Results. The results showed that people who were included in the supported housing program experienced the least stress, compared to the subjects who lived with their families or in institutions (p < 0.001). Stress was the least prevalent in the supported housing program, but the other two groups had similar results. The presence of stress did not differ significantly between subjects living with their families and those living in institutions. Conclusion. We can conclude that subjects living in supported housing experienced significantly less stress compared to the other two groups. Different types of housing were associated with different levels of stress. Overall, negative interpersonal relationship was identified as the stress factor that correlated most significantly with other stress factors.

scholarly journals Memory in health and in schizophrenia

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-410 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Flat Affect ◽  
History Of

Memory is an important capacity needed for survival in a changing environment, and its principles are shared across species. These principles have been studied since the inception of behavioral science, and more recently neuroscience has helped understand brain systems and mechanisms responsible for enabling aspects of memory. Here we outline the history of work on memory and its neural underpinning, and describe the major dimensions of memory processing that have been evaluated by cognitive neuroscience, focusing on episodic memory. We present evidence in healthy populations for sex differences-females outperforming in verbal and face memory, and age effects-slowed memory processes with age. We then describe deficits associated with schizophrenia. Impairment in schizophrenia is more severe in patients with negative symptoms-especially flat affect-who also show deficits in measures of social cognition. This evidence implicates medial temporal and frontal regions in schizophrenia.

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