The place of ethics in a unified behavioral science

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Danielson
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Close Coupling ◽  
Theory And Experiments ◽  
The Way

Behavioral science, unified in the way Gintis proposes, should affect ethics, which also finds itself in “disarray,” in three ways. First, it raises the standards. Second, it removes the easy targets of economic and sociobiological selfishness. Third, it provides methods, in particular the close coupling of theory and experiments, to construct a better ethics.

scholarly journals Marvel Cinematic Universe Introductions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Marvel Cinematic Universe ◽  
The Way

Petrinovich’s target article focused on how behavioral science is done, including how it is often done wrong, and how it should be done. I identify another malign influence on behavioral science, which, so far as I know, has, until now, been ignored (I would be happy to be shown that I am wrong on this). To wit, the way that Introductions to papers are written creates a niche that can be exploited for the purposes of promoting one’s work to obtain resources or status, or for self-aggrandizement. I offer a few, probably wrongheaded, suggestions for ending this practice.

scholarly journals Infected by Bias: Behavioral Science and the Legal Response to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 205-248
Author(s):  
Doron Teichman ◽  
Kristen Underhill
Keyword(s):  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Cultural Cognition ◽  
The Public ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
Legal Response ◽  
Descriptive Level ◽  
Laws And Regulations ◽  
The Way

This Article presents the first comprehensive analysis of the contribution of behavioral science to the legal response to the COVID-19 pandemic. At the descriptive level, the Article shows how different psychological phenomena such as loss aversion and cultural cognition influenced the way policymakers and the public perceived the pandemic, and how such phenomena affected the design of laws and regulations responding to COVID-19. At the normative level, the Article compares nudges (i.e., choice-preserving, behaviorally informed tools that encourage people to behave as desired) and mandates (i.e., obligations backed by sanctions that dictate to people how they must behave). The Article argues that mandates rather than nudges should serve in most cases as the primary legal tool used to regulate behavior during a pandemic. Nonetheless, this Article highlights ways in which nudges can complement mandates.

A Second Look at B. F. Skinner

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell C. Llewellyn
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Second Look ◽  
Social Philosopher ◽  
The Way

When Skinner advocates what goals behavioral science should serve and when he pits his ideas of human nature against the ideas contained in the literature on freedom and dignity, he should be viewed as a social philosopher and not as a scientist. Beyond Freedom and Dignity is Skinner's philosophy based on the technology of behavioral science. Skinner errs when he calls his philosophy “science” and then asks for belief in the findings of science. The findings of science are facts, but the way one looks at the facts is interpretation. What Skinner asks of us is that we change our interpretation or way of looking at the facts. Such an appeal comes from Skinner the philosopher. Skinner is at odds with Christian doctrine at many serious points, although a point of agreement is reached in that both claim behavior is important. Skinner's technology of operant conditioning is highly useful but his philosophy is stifling.

scholarly journals Designing and Testing Apps to Support Patients with Cancer: Look to Behavioral Science to Lead the Way (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Hamel ◽  
Felicity W. K. Harper ◽  
Hayley S. Thompson ◽  
Terrance L. Albrecht
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
The Way

UNSTRUCTURED We opted to not include an abstract since we are submitting a short viewpoint paper.

scholarly journals Hurricane Risk Communication: Visualization and Behavioral Science Concepts

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Millet ◽  
Andrew P. Carter ◽  
Kenneth Broad ◽  
Alberto Cairo ◽  
Scotney D. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hurricane Risk ◽  
Hurricane Planning ◽  
The Way

AbstractIncreasingly, the risk assessment community has recognized the social and cultural aspects of vulnerability to hurricanes and other hazards that impact planning and public communication. How individuals and communities understand and react to natural hazard risk communications can be driven by a number of different cognitive, cultural, economic, and political factors. The social sciences have seen an increased focus over the last decade on studying hurricane understanding and responses from a social, cognitive, or decision science perspective, which, broadly defined, includes a number of disparate fields. This paper is a cross-disciplinary and critical review of those efforts as they are relevant to hurricane risk communication development. We focus on two areas that, on the basis of a comprehensive literature review and discussions with experts in the field, have received comparatively little attention from the hazards community: 1) research concerning visual communications and the way in which individuals process, understand, and make decisions regarding them and 2) the way in which vulnerable communities understand and interact with hurricane warning communications. We go on to suggest areas that merit increased research and draw lessons or guidance from the broader hazards/social science research realm that has implications for hurricane planning and risk communication, particularly the development and dissemination of hurricane forecast products.

Self-sacrifice for in-group's history: A diachronic perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Babińska ◽  
Michal Bilewicz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Emotional Events ◽  
Reciprocal Process ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe problem of extended fusion and identification can be approached from a diachronic perspective. Based on our own research, as well as findings from the fields of social, political, and clinical psychology, we argue that the way contemporary emotional events shape local fusion is similar to the way in which historical experiences shape extended fusion. We propose a reciprocal process in which historical events shape contemporary identities, whereas contemporary identities shape interpretations of past traumas.

What is the purpose of cognition?

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aba Szollosi ◽  
Ben R. Newell
Keyword(s):  
Infinite Number ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
The Way

Abstract The purpose of human cognition depends on the problem people try to solve. Defining the purpose is difficult, because people seem capable of representing problems in an infinite number of ways. The way in which the function of cognition develops needs to be central to our theories.

Peculiarity Parameters

1976 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 233-254
Author(s):  
H. M. Maitzen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Observational Evidence ◽  
Rotator Model ◽  
Peculiar Behaviour ◽  
Field Spectrum ◽  
Oblique Rotator ◽  
Ap Stars ◽  
The Way

Ap stars are peculiar in many aspects. During this century astronomers have been trying to collect data about these and have found a confusing variety of peculiar behaviour even from star to star that Struve stated in 1942 that at least we know that these phenomena are not supernatural. A real push to start deeper theoretical work on Ap stars was given by an additional observational evidence, namely the discovery of magnetic fields on these stars by Babcock (1947). This originated the concept that magnetic fields are the cause for spectroscopic and photometric peculiarities. Great leaps for the astronomical mankind were the Oblique Rotator model by Stibbs (1950) and Deutsch (1954), which by the way provided mathematical tools for the later handling pulsar geometries, anti the discovery of phase coincidence of the extrema of magnetic field, spectrum and photometric variations (e.g. Jarzebowski, 1960).

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