The representation of older people in television advertisements and social change: the case of Japan

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL PRIELER ◽  
FLORIAN KOHLBACHER ◽  
SHIGERU HAGIWARA ◽  
AKIE ARIMA
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Television Advertising ◽  
Commercial Television ◽  
Television Advertisements ◽  
Systematic Sample ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Japanese Television

ABSTRACTThe representation of social groups in advertising has been a major concern in academia. However, research focusing on older people has been scant and mainly conducted in Western countries. In Japan, the country that has been most affected by demographic change, this research area has received little attention. Through a content analysis of a systematic sample of 2,972 television advertisements broadcast on the five major commercial television stations in Japan in 1997 and 2007, this paper tries to fill this research gap, examining changes in the representation of older people in Japanese television advertising. When comparing 2007 to 1997, we found that older people appeared more often, were increasingly alone and in major roles, and were portrayed in more favourable ways, which suggests that their status changed. These changes appear to be related to the fact that older people have become more important within Japanese society. However, some aspects have remained unchanged; older people continue to be under-represented, which does not reflect demographic reality, and are used in advertisements for foods and beverages, confirming findings from previous studies. Our findings indicate that the representation of older people in Japanese television advertising has changed but remains unrealistic.

Gender Portrayals of Older People in Japanese Television Advertisements

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Prieler ◽  
Florian Kohlbacher ◽  
Shigeru Hagiwara ◽  
Akie Arima
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Television Advertisements ◽  
Japanese Television ◽  
Gender Portrayals

Gender Representation of Older People in Japanese Television Advertisements

Sex Roles ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 405-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Prieler ◽  
Florian Kohlbacher ◽  
Shigeru Hagiwara ◽  
Akie Arima
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Gender Representation ◽  
Television Advertisements ◽  
Japanese Television

Lessons from the Departed: A Planned Behavior Approach to Understand Travelers’ Actual Physician-Assisted Suicide Behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 109634802098762
Author(s):  
Edmund Goh ◽  
Jun Wen ◽  
Chung-En Yu
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Physician Assisted Suicide ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Suicide Behavior ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Perceived Constraints

Traveling to die in another country is a morbid, but pertinent, topic that remains underresearched in tourism. This project aims to address this research gap by examining the underlying motivations of actual individual travelers who have travelled to Switzerland as their final life destination to commit physician-assisted suicide (PAS). Using documentaries from major news channels, content analysis was conducted to systematically examine interviews conducted with actual PAS travelers ( n = 26) before they ended their life legally through PAS in Switzerland. An extension of the theory of planned behavior with anticipated guilt was commissioned as the theoretical lens to investigate the actual behavior of travelers who have committed PAS. A total of three key attitudes, three social groups, and four perceived constraints were identified. Results identified putting an end to suffering and to die with dignity as key attitudinal items influencing PAS behavior. The reference groups of family and relatives emerged as key salient normative groups. With regard to perceived difficulties, lack of access to facilities and high financial costs were key constraints in the decision to commit PAS. A key contribution of this research found evidence of anticipated guilt as an additional theory of planned behavior variable in actual PAS behavior.

scholarly journals Consumers Become More or Less Ethnocentric? A Meta-Analysis on Level of Consumer Ethnocentrism

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongxing Guo ◽  
Quan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Consumer Ethnocentrism ◽  
Research Gap

A huge body of research on consumer ethnocentrism has occurred in cross-cultural consumer behavior research area since the seminal work of Shimp and Sharma (1987). There is, however, a research gap on meta-analysis of the level of consumer ethnocentrism. This study seeks to address this gap by employing, as far as we are aware, the first meta-analysis on level of consumer ethnocentrism. we draw several conclusions with meta-analytical data of 153 mean values in 87 articles during the period of 1987 to 2013 (N = 42840): (1) The average score of consumer ethnocentrism is 3.58 (7 in total); (2) General consumers are more ethnocentric than student consumers; (3) Consumers in developing countries are more ethnocentric than consumers in developed countries.

Experiences and Motivations Underlying Wishes to Die in Older People Who Are Tired of Living: A Research Area in its Infancy

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Els van Wijngaarden ◽  
Carlo Leget ◽  
Anne Goossensen
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Physician Assisted Suicide ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Wish To Die ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Insight Into

The wish to die in older people who are tired of living and the possibilities to organize death are currently being discussed within the debate on self-determination and physician-assisted suicide. Until now insight into the experiences and thoughts of people who are tired of life but not suffering from a severe depression or a life-threatening disease is lacking. Studies focussing specifically on this topic are rare. This review provides an overview of this research area in its infancy. The existential impact of age-related loss experiences play an important role in developing a wish to die. Other influencing factors are: personal characteristics, biographical factors, social context, perceptions and values. Further research to experiences and motivations underlying these specific age-related wishes to die and the existential impact of the loss-experiences seems necessary to deepen the understanding of this group of older people and for the development of policy and good care.

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