scholarly journals New target designs for direct-drive ICF

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEE PHILLIPS ◽  
JOHN H. GARDNER ◽  
STEPHEN E. BODNER ◽  
DENIS COLOMBANT ◽  
S.P. OBENSCHAIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Fusion Reactors ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
High Electron ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Density Scale ◽  
Enhanced Stability ◽  
Scale Length

We describe two approaches to the design of a direct-drive high-gain pellet for inertial confinement fusion reactors that has enhanced stability due to the reduction in the Rayleigh-Taylor growth rate and enhanced thermal smoothing of laser imprint. The first design incorporates an overcoat containing a high-Z element that radiatively heats the ablator during the foot of the laser pulse. The second incorporates a very low density foam ablator that is compressed by a series of transmitted and reflected shocks. Both designs enhance thermal smoothing by developing a very long density scale length and high electron densities in the ablator blowoff.

Recent progress in quantifying hydrodynamics instabilities and turbulence in inertial confinement fusion and high-energy-density experiments

2020 ◽  
Vol 379 (2189) ◽  
pp. 20200021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Casner
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
High Gain ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Energy Part ◽  
Confinement Fusion

Since the seminal paper of Nuckolls triggering the quest of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) with lasers, hydrodynamic instabilities have been recognized as one of the principal hurdles towards ignition. This remains true nowadays for both main approaches (indirect drive and direct drive), despite the advent of MJ scale lasers with tremendous technological capabilities. From a fundamental science perspective, these gigantic laser facilities enable also the possibility to create dense plasma flows evolving towards turbulence, being magnetized or not. We review the state of the art of nonlinear hydrodynamics and turbulent experiments, simulations and theory in ICF and high-energy-density plasmas and draw perspectives towards in-depth understanding and control of these fascinating phenomena. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Prospects for high gain inertial fusion energy (part 2)’.

scholarly journals One-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of low convergence ratio direct-drive inertial confinement fusion implosions

2020 ◽  
Vol 379 (2189) ◽  
pp. 20200224 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Paddock ◽  
H. Martin ◽  
R. T. Ruskov ◽  
R. H. H. Scott ◽  
W. Garbett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Hydrodynamic Simulations ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
High Level ◽  
Fusion Implosions

Indirect drive inertial confinement fusion experiments with convergence ratios below 17 have been previously shown to be less susceptible to Rayleigh–Taylor hydrodynamic instabilities, making this regime highly interesting for fusion science. Additional limitations imposed on the implosion velocity, in-flight aspect ratio and applied laser power aim to further reduce instability growth, resulting in a new regime where performance can be well represented by one-dimensional (1D) hydrodynamic simulations. A simulation campaign was performed using the 1D radiation-hydrodynamics code HYADES to investigate the performance that could be achieved using direct-drive implosions of liquid layer capsules, over a range of relevant energies. Results include potential gains of 0.19 on LMJ-scale systems and 0.75 on NIF-scale systems, and a reactor-level gain of 54 for an 8.5 MJ implosion. While the use of 1D simulations limits the accuracy of these results, they indicate a sufficiently high level of performance to warrant further investigations and verification of this new low-instability regime. This potentially suggests an attractive new approach to fusion energy. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Prospects for high gain inertial fusion energy (part 2)’.

High-gain direct-drive inertial confinement fusion for the Laser Mégajoule: recent progress

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (12B) ◽  
pp. B601-B610 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Canaud ◽  
F Garaude ◽  
P Ballereau ◽  
J L Bourgade ◽  
C Clique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Confinement Fusion

Development of Direct Drive, High-Gain Capsules for Inertial Fusion: A Materials Challenge

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
High Gain ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Rigid Foam ◽  
Fuel Layer ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Critical Materials ◽  
Design Calculations

Abstract:The application of Inertial Confinement Fusion to power production requires the development of a high-yield fusion capsule. Theoretical design calculations suggest that a single shell capsule with a uniformly distributed deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel layer on the inside surface could give the desired high-gain performance when directly driven with 0.35 μm laser light. This design requires operation at cryogenic temperatures necessary to condense DT (20-30 K) and a means of levitating the fuel layer inside the capsule. On e recently suggested method for making this capsule is to use a rigid foam matrix to support the condensed DT in a spherical shell configuration. For such a capsule to be successfully fielded, a number of critical materials problems must be solved.

Large-scale high-resolution simulations of high gain direct-drive inertial confinement fusion targets

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2716-2722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Schmitt ◽  
D. G. Colombant ◽  
A. L. Velikovich ◽  
S. T. Zalesak ◽  
J. H. Gardner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Confinement Fusion

Improved performance of direct-drive inertial confinement fusion target designs with adiabat shaping using an intensity picket

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1906-1918 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Goncharov ◽  
J. P. Knauer ◽  
P. W. McKenty ◽  
P. B. Radha ◽  
T. C. Sangster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Fusion Target ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion Target

Studies of Plastic-Ablator Compressibility for Direct-Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion on Omega

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. X. Hu ◽  
V. A. Smalyuk ◽  
V. N. Goncharov ◽  
J. P. Knauer ◽  
P. B. Radha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Confinement Fusion

scholarly journals Laser driven implosion

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Yamanaka
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Laser Fusion ◽  
Plastic Shell ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Liquid Density ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Uniform Compression ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Key Issues

Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) has made great progress. In fact several significant scientific firsts have been achieved in the last year. These developments have presented the ICF community with an opportunity to embark on a new phase in ICF research. The key issues of laser fusion are to attain a high absorption of laser light in a plasma, to prevent preheating of fuel during the compression, and to achieve highly efficient implosion by uniform compression of fuel due to the homogeneous deposition of laser energy on the pellet surface. Direct drive and indirect drive have been investigated. The progress in both schemes is remarkable. The neutron yield by the stagnation free compression of the LHART target has attained 1013 which corresponds to a pellet gain of 1/500. The plastic shell target has reached a fuel density as large as 600 times the liquid density which is measured by the Si activation method as well as the D knockon method. A cryogenic foam target is now under investigation.

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