Epidemiology of Prematurity

1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. 2-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Lower Respiratory Infections ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood

The two components of low birth weight — preterm delivery and fetal growth retardation — lead singly or in combination to a heavy burden of mortality, short- and long-term morbidity, and high medical and social costs. Although different types of long-term morbidity are still being identified, the primary focus of concern has been neurodevelopmental disability resulting from the cerebral palsies, hydrocephalus, and visual and auditory deficits among survivors of very low birth weight. Additional special risks in such infants include chronic lung disease, acute lower respiratory infections, and rehospitalization in infancy and early childhood.

Improvement of Short- and Long-Term Outcomes for Very Low Birth Weight Infants: Edmonton NIDCAP Trial

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 1009-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Peters ◽  
R. J. Rosychuk ◽  
L. Hendson ◽  
J. J. Cote ◽  
C. McPherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Impact of Donor Milk on Short- and Long-Term Growth of Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Hoban ◽  
Michael Schoeny ◽  
Anita Esquerra-Zwiers ◽  
Tanyaporn Kaenkumchorn ◽  
Gina Casini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Preterm Formula ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Short And Long Term

Mother’s own milk (MOM) reduces the risk of morbidities in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. When MOM is unavailable, donor breastmilk (DM) is used, with unclear impact on short- and long-term growth. This retrospective analysis compared anthropometric data at six time points from birth to 20–24 months corrected age in VLBW infants who received MOM supplements of preterm formula (n = 160) versus fortified DM (n = 161) during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization. The cohort was 46% female; mean birth weight and gestational age (GA) were 998 g and 27.3 weeks. Multilevel linear growth models assessed changes in growth z-scores short-term (to NICU discharge) and long-term (post-discharge), controlling for amount of DM or formula received in first 28 days of life, NICU length of stay (LOS), birth GA, and sex. Z-scores for weight and length decreased during hospitalization but increased for all parameters including head circumference post-discharge. Short-term growth was positively associated with LOS and birth GA. A higher preterm formula proportion, but not DM proportion, was associated with slower rates of decline in short-term growth trajectories, but feeding type was unrelated to long-term growth. In conclusion, controlling for total human milk fed, DM did not affect short- or long-term growth.

Effects of Perinatal Acidemia in Very Low Birth Weight Infants on Short- and Long-Term Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Hisey ◽  
Srinandini Sakhamuru ◽  
Thea Tagliaferro ◽  
Lorayne Barton ◽  
Rangasamy Ramanathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Short- and Long-Term Outcomes in Very Low Birth Weight Infants with Admission Hypothermia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e0131976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Yang Chang ◽  
Yi-Hsiang Sung ◽  
Shwu-Meei Wang ◽  
Hou-Ling Lung ◽  
Jui-Hsing Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Short And Long Term

Very Low Birth Weight Outcomes

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-357
Author(s):  
HELEN HARRISON
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Weight Outcomes ◽  
Term Evaluation

To the Editor.— The authors of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development report on neonatal care1 found "important" variations among neonatal intensive care units in philosophies of treatment, methods of treatment, and short-term outcomes. In a recent meta-analysis of follow-up studies,2 researchers document a similarly haphazard approach to the long-term evaluation of very low birth weight survivors. Until randomized controlled clinical trials validate the safety and efficacy of neonatal therapies, and until long-term outcomes are assessed accurately, the treatment of very low birth weight infants should be declared experimental.

scholarly journals Role of Sequential Functional Echocardiography in Predicting Clinically Apparent Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Very Low Birth Weight Newborns-An Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anchala Bhardwaj ◽  
ARVIND SAILI ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Ajay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Patent Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Predictive Utility ◽  
Patent Ductus

Abstract Background The management of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates continues to be a topic of discussion and controversy. Prolonged ductal patency in preterm neonates has been associated with significant short and long term morbidities and with increased mortality however, policy of routine treatment of all during neonatal period has failed to show significant improvement in long term outcome. Echocardiography has emerged as a promising modality to screen the newborns at risk of adverse effects of ductal shunting. This helps in identifying PDAs that require treatment to ultimately prevent unnecessary therapy or delay of necessary therapy. There are multitude of studies that have evaluated large number of echocardiographic markers for their predictive utility but only few have included all ductal markers together in a single study. The reported sensitivity (26-100%) and specificity (6-100%) of echocardiographic markers vary over a wide range. Thus, this study was planned with an aim to assess the predictive utility of all available ductal markers and their added advantage of having all over few ones in clinically apparent PDA in preterm VLBW newborns.Methods It was an observational prospective study conducted in tertiary care NICU at Lady Hardinge Medical College, Delhi. Fifty preterm very low birth weight (VLBW) newborns underwent four sequential Echo scans within first 72 hrs; first scan within 12 hours then at 24 hrs ,48 hrs and 72 hrs of age and were monitored clinically for the signs of PDA up to two weeks of life or discharge whichever comes later.Results The Ductal diameter, pulsatile ductal flow pattern, Left pulmonary artery (LPA) velocity, Left atrial to aortic width (La/Ao) ratio, Left atrial volume index (LAVI), Left ventricle to aortic width (Lv/Ao) ratio, E/A ratio and Left ventricular output/superior vena caval (LVO/SVC) flow ratio predicted clinically apparent PDA during first 72 hours of life.Conclusion This study provides insights into the predictive utility of other ductal echo markers along with the routinely measured conventional ones during first 72 hours of life in preterm VLBW newborns.

scholarly journals Short- and long-term outcomes of very low birth weight infants in Korea: Korean Neonatal Network update in 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 284-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jang Hoon Lee ◽  
YoungAh Youn ◽  
Yun Sil Chang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Korean Society

Korea currently has the world’s lowest birth rate but a rapidly inreasing number of preterm infants. The Korean Neonatal Network (KNN), launched by the Korean Society of Neonatology under the support of Korea Centers for Disease Control, has collected population-based data for very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) born in Korea since 2013. In terms of the short-term outcomes of VLBWIs born from 2013 to 2016 registered in the KNN, the survival rate of all VLBWIs was 86%. Respiratory distress syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were observed in 78% and 30% of all VLBWIs, respectively. Necrotizing enterocolitis occurred in 7%, while 8% of the VLBWIs needed therapy for retinopathy of prematurity in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Sepsis occurred in 21% during their NICU stay. Intraventricular hemorrhage (grade ≥III) was diagnosed in 10%. In terms of the long-term outcomes for VLBWIs born from 2013 to 2014 registered in the KNN, the post-discharge mortality rate was approximately 1.2%–1.5%, mainly owing to their underlying illness. Nearly half of the VLBWIs were readmitted to the hospital at least once in their first 1–2 years of life, mostly as a result of respiratory diseases. The overall prevalence of cerebral palsy was 6.2%–6.6% in Korea. Bilateral blindness was reported in 0.2%–0.3% of VLBWIs, while bilateral hearing loss was found in 0.8%–1.9%. Since its establishment, the KNN has published annual reports and papers that facilitate the improvement of VLBWI outcome and the formulation of essential healthcare policies in Korea.

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