Radiation-induced enhancement of jasmonic acid levels

1994 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 303-306
Author(s):  
H. Sprinz ◽  
C. von Sonntag ◽  
U. Franck ◽  
O. Miersch ◽  
H. Dahlhelm
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Positive Stimulus ◽  
Ionising Radiation ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Response To Stress

In recent years, some experiments with low doses of ionising radiation have been performed, with reproducible results, which indicate a positive stimulus rather than a deletirious effect (Decker & Degner 1983; Wolff 1989).The aim of our own studies was to establish whether low doses of ionising radiation can influence metabolism by means of a modification of the concentration of a plant hormone, in this particular case jasmonate. The multiple physiological effects caused by the plant bioregulator jasmonate, including response to stress, suggest their essential involvement in central genetic and metabolic processes (Sembdner & Parthier 1993).

Modeling cell response to low doses of photon irradiation: Part 2—application to radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations in human carcinoma cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micaela Cunha ◽  
Etienne Testa ◽  
Olga V. Komova ◽  
Elena A. Nasonova ◽  
Larisa A. Mel’nikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Human Carcinoma ◽  
Photon Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals Abscisic acid is essential for rewiring of jasmonic acid-dependent defenses during herbivory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene A Vos ◽  
Adriaan Verhage ◽  
Lewis G Watt ◽  
Ido Vlaardingerbroek ◽  
Robert C Schuurink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Pieris Rapae ◽  
Necrotrophic Pathogen ◽  
Plant Insect Interactions ◽  
Gcc Box ◽  
Insect Interactions ◽  
And Control

AbstractJasmonic acid (JA) is an important plant hormone in the regulation of defenses against chewing herbivores and necrotrophic pathogens. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the JA response pathway consists of two antagonistic branches that are regulated by MYC- and ERF-type transcription factors, respectively. The role of abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene (ET) in the molecular regulation of the MYC/ERF antagonism during plant-insect interactions is still unclear. Here, we show that production of ABA induced in response to leaf-chewing Pieris rapae caterpillars is required for both the activation of the MYC-branch and the suppression of the ERF-branch during herbivory. Exogenous application of ABA suppressed ectopic ERF-mediated PDF1.2 expression in 35S::ORA59 plants. Moreover, the GCC-box promoter motif, which is required for JA/ET-induced activation of the ERF-branch genes ORA59 and PDF1.2, was targeted by ABA. Application of gaseous ET counteracted activation of the MYC-branch and repression of the ERF-branch by P. rapae, but infection with the ET-inducing necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea did not. Accordingly, P. rapae performed equally well on B. cinerea-infected and control plants, whereas activation of the MYC-branch resulted in reduced caterpillar performance. Together, these data indicate that upon feeding by P. rapae, ABA is essential for activating the MYC-branch and suppressing the ERF-branch of the JA pathway, which maximizes defense against caterpillars.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ionising Radiation on the Luminescence Properties of Fluoroperovskites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Joseph Schuyt
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels ◽  
Thermal Quenching ◽  
Ionising Radiation ◽  
Luminescence Properties ◽  
Readout System ◽  
Tissue Equivalent ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Medical Dosimetry ◽  
Physical Phenomena

<p>The luminescence of crystalline compounds can be used to monitor many physical phenomena, including doses of ionising radiation. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), thermoluminescence (TL), and radiophotoluminescence (RPL) have been successfully employed in dosimetry. However, few materials possess both the structural and luminescence properties required for medical dosimetry. This thesis aimed to investigate the luminescence features of the class of compounds known as fluoroperovskites. Emphasis was placed on studying the effects of irradiation on the luminescence properties, such that the compounds could be evaluated regarding potential applications in clinical dosimetry. Samples were primarily characterised using photoluminescence (PL), radioluminescence (RL), OSL, RPL, TL, and transmittance spectroscopy.  OSL was observed in the majority of samples due to the existence of electron trapping F-type centres. F-centre/Mn complexes were observed in all AMgF3:Mn compounds after irradiation and the energy levels of the complexes in each compound were experimentally determined. The most promising potential dosimeter host material was the near tissue-equivalent NaMgF3. When doped with Mn2+, the compound exhibited RPL via the formation of F-centre/Mn complexes and OSL via several trapping centres. The RPL could be probed independently to the OSL such that the compound could function as a hybrid OSL/RPL dosimeter. In the NaMgF3:Ln compounds, RPL occurred via the radiation-induced reduction Ln3+ → Ln2+ for Ln = Sm, Dy, and Yb. The reduction Sm3+ → Sm2+ was highly stable and could be non-destructively probed independently to the OSL. The Sm doped compound also exhibited radiation-induced conductivity that could be coupled with the RL, such that the compound could function as a real-time hybrid optical/electrical dosimeter. Charge kinetics, thermal quenching, and binding energy models were developed and applied to the compounds.   Finally, a two-dimensional readout system was designed and constructed. The capabilities of the system were evaluated using the OSL of NaMgF3:Eu and NaMgF3:Mn. Sensitivities to doses from < 10 mGy to > 1 Gy were obtained along with sub-millimetre spatial resolutions.</p>

240 DIFFERENCES IN GLOBAL TRANSCRIPTOME PROFILE OF BOVINE BLASTOCYSTS DERIVED FROM SUPEROVULATED OR SYNCHRONIZED CYCLIC HEIFERS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
A. Gad ◽  
M. Hoelker ◽  
F. Rings ◽  
N. Ghanem ◽  
D. Salilew-Wondim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
R Package ◽  
Transcriptome Profile ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Endoscopic Method ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Uterine Environment ◽  
Transfer Method

Estrus synchronization and superovulation are the most widely used procedures in embryo transfer technology. However, changes in the oviduct and uterine environment due to these procedures and the subsequent influence on embryos have not yet been investigated. This study was con- ducted to investigate the effect of oviduct environment of only synchronized or superovulated cyclic heifers on the gene expression profile of blastocysts. Bovine Affymetrix array analysis was performed using 2 groups of blastocysts. The first group was bovine blastocysts produced after superovulation of Simmental heifers (n = 9) using 8 consecutive FSH injections over 4 days in decreasing doses (in total, 300-400 mg of FSH equivalent according to body weight) and flushed at Day 7 by nonsurgical endoscopic method. The second group was bovine blastocysts derived from synchronized Simmental heifers (n = 4) after transfer of 2-cell stage embryos from superovulated donor Simmental heifers (n = 9) by nonsurgical transvaginal endoscopy tubal transfer method. Total RNA was extracted from 3 pools of embryos from each experimental group (6 embryos per pool). A total of 6 biotin-labeled cRNA samples were hybridized on 6 bovine Affymetrix arrays. Data analysis was performed using LIMMA written on R package, which maintained the Bioconductor. Array data analysis revealed a total of 454 transcripts to be differen- tially expressed (P < 0.05, fold change >2) between the 2 groups. Of these, 429 and 25 were up- and down-regulated, respectively, in blastocysts derived from superovulated heifers compared with those derived from synchronized animals. Genes involved in response to stress (HSPA14 and HSPE1), cellular and metabolic processes (CPSF3, ATPIF1, POMP, and MDH2), translation (RPS17, EEF1B2, and EIF4E), and cell commu- nication (FN1, KRT18, and DSG2) were found to be enriched in blastocysts derived from superovulated animals. On the other hand, protein metabolic processes related genes (CLGN) were found to be enriched in blastocysts derived from the synchronized group. The KEGG analysis of the differentially expressed genes showed that the ribosome and oxidative phosphorylation pathways are the dominant pathways and genes involved in these pathways are greatly abundant in the blastocysts derived from superovulated animals. Quantitative real-time PCR has confirmed the transcript abundance of 7 out of 8 genes selected for validation. In conclusion, blastocysts cultured in synchronized animals post 2-cell stage showed significant differences in transcriptome profile compared with their counterparts that remained in superovulated heifers until Day 7. Further functional analysis of some selected candidate genes could give new insights into mechanisms regulating the ability of embryos to survive after transfer.

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