Economic Returns from Cheat (Bromus secalinus) Control in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Ferreira ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper ◽  
Francis M. Epplin
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Bromus Secalinus

Field experiments were conducted to determine the influence of winter wheat seeding date and forage removal on the efficacy of cheat control herbicides, forage and grain yields, and net returns to land, overhead, risk, and management for the various cheat control strategies. Economic analysis showed that net returns were higher when wheat was seeded during the traditional seeding period (October) than when either seeded early (September) for increased forage production or delayed (November) for cultural cheat control. Some herbicides were economically beneficial at two of three locations where the initial cheat population exceeded 170 plants/m2.

Seeding Date, Seeding Rate, and Row Spacing Affect Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Cheat (Bromus secalinus)

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Koscelny ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper ◽  
John B. Solie ◽  
Stanley G. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Infestation Level ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Bromus Secalinus ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

Field experiments were conducted in Oklahoma to determine the effects of winter wheat seeding date and cheat infestation level on cultural cheat control obtained by increasing winter wheat seeding rates and decreasing row spacing. Seeding rate and row spacing interactions influenced cheat density, biomass, or seed in harvested wheat (dockage) at two of three locations. Suppressive effects on cheat of increasing wheat seeding rates and reduced row spacings were greater in wheat seeded in September than later. At two other locations, increasing seeding rate from 67 to 101 kg ha–1or reducing row spacings from 22.5 to 15 cm increased winter wheat yield over a range of cheat infestation levels.

Rotational Cropping Systems to Reduce Cheat (Bromus secalinus) Densities

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon C. Stone ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper ◽  
Amanda E. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Southern Great Plains ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Bromus Secalinus

In the Southern Great Plains, producers of hard red winter wheat seek sustainable methods for controlling cheat and improving economic returns. Experiments were conducted at two sites in north-central Oklahoma to determine the effect of cheat management programs, with various weed control strategies, on cheat densities and total net returns. The cheat management programs, initiated following harvest of winter wheat, included conventionally tilled, double-crop grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolorL.) followed by soybean (Glycine maxL.); and continuous winter wheat. Rotating out of winter wheat for one growing season increased yield of succedent wheat up to 32% and 42% at Billings and Ponca City, respectively. Dockage due to cheat in the succedent wheat was reduced up to 78% and 87% by rotating out of winter wheat for one growing season at Billings and Ponca City, respectively. Cheat management programs including a crop rotation with herbicides applied to the grain sorghum, except for an application of atrazine + metolachlor at Ponca City, improved total net returns over the nontreated continuous wheat option. Cheat panicles in the succedent wheat were reduced up to 87% by rotation out of winter wheat for one growing season.

Net Returns from Cheat (Bromus secalinus) Control in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg G. Justice ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper ◽  
John B. Solie ◽  
Francis M. Epplin
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Seed Content ◽  
Bromus Secalinus

In field experiments, wheat row spacing, seeding rate, and herbicide treatment affected cheat seed content of harvested wheat, wheat yield, and net returns. No individual practice or combination of practices consistently increased net returns from cheat-infested wheat. Net returns frequently were increased and never decreased by applying metribuzin at 420 g ha−1 or chlorsulfuron + metsulfuron at 21.9 + 4.4 g ha−1 or by increasing the seeding rate compared to baseline inputs. The data indicate that herbicide rates should not be reduced when row spacing is decreased and/or seeding rates increased.

Evaluation of Registered Herbicides for Cheat (Bromus secalinus) Control in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Koscelny ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Bromus Secalinus ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Early Fall

Seven field experiments were conducted in Oklahoma to compare efficacy and wheat response to currently registered cheat suppression or control herbicide treatments. Chlorsulfuron + metsulfuron premix (5:1 w/w) at 26 g ai/ha applied PRE controlled cheat 20 to 61%, increased wheat grain yields at two of seven locations, and decreased dockage due to cheat at five of seven locations. Chlorsulfuron + metsulfuron at 21 g/ha tank-mixed with metribuzin at 210 g/ha, applied early fall POST, controlled cheat 36 to 98% and increased wheat yield at four of seven locations. Metribuzin applied POST in the fall at 420 g/ha controlled cheat 56 to 98% and increased wheat yields at five of seven locations. Both POST treatments decreased dockage at all locations.

BromusControl in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) with the Ethylthio Analog of Metribuzin

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall L. Ratliff ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Bromus Tectorum ◽  
Downy Brome ◽  
Selective Control ◽  
Bromus Secalinus ◽  
Wide Range

Twenty field experiments were conducted in Oklahoma from 1983 through 1986 to evaluate the ethylthio analog of metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(ethylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] for selective control of cheat (Bromus secalinusL. #3BROSE), downy brome (Bromus tectorumL. # BROTE), and rescuegrass (Bromus catharticusVahl. # BROCA) in winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.). The ethylthio analog of metribuzin applied postemergence at 1.1 kg ai/ha before the weeds tillered controlled 91 to 100% of theseBromusspp. in winter wheat. Control of tilleredBromusspp. was less consistent. AsBromusspp. control increased, wheat yields increased, and dockage decreased. The herbicide was selective on wheat over a wide range of soils, including sands. Adding surfactant to very early postemergence applications of 0.6 kg ai/ha increased cheat control but injured wheat slightly. Surfactant use had little or no effect on dockage reduction and yields.

Quinclorac for Cheat (Bromus secalinus) Control in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lora M. Franetovich ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Bromus Secalinus ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Thirteen field experiments were conducted to evaluate quinclorac for cheat control in hard red winter wheat. Cheat control with quinclorac was variable. Quinclorac at 560 and 1120 g a.i./ha applied to tillered wheat controlled cheat 93 to 100% at four sites. In contrast, pooled over four other experiments and four application times, quinclorac at 420 g/ha and 560 g/ha controlled cheat only 20 and 31%, respectively. Quinclorac at 420 g/ha plus chlorsulfuron:metsulfuron (5:1) at 35 g a.i./ha applied PRE increased wheat yield 28% at one of three sites. At two of these sites, averaged over chlorsulfuron:metsulfuron rates of 0, 18, and 35 g a.i./ha, quinclorac at 280 and 420 g/ha applied POST, increased wheat yield 32 to 112%. In two cultivar tolerance experiments, quinclorac treatments did not damage any cultivar. Pooled over cultivars, yields were increased 7 and 10% when quinclorac at 280 and 560 kg/ha was applied, respectively. In a greenhouse experiment, quinclorac plus dicamba or esfenvalerate consistently reduced the leaf area of cheat in a manner suggesting synergistic effects. Of eight adjuvants evaluated in a laboratory experiment, only quinclorac plus the adjuvant BCH 864 01S reduced cheat leaf area more than quinclorac alone.

Herbicide-Grazing Interactions in Cheat (Bromus secalinus)–Infested Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)1

Weed Science ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 532-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Koscelny ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Bromus Secalinus ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

Field experiments were conducted to determine the interaction of grazing and herbicide treatments on cheat control and biomass, wheat biomass, wheat grain yield, and wheat yield components. Ethyl-metribuzin at 1120 g ai ha−1and metribuzin at 420 g ai ha−1reduced cheat biomass 91 to 99 and 97 to 98%, respectively. Grazing had no effect on herbicide efficacy. Grazing increased cheat biomass in the check by 24% at only one location but did not affect total wheat plus cheat biomass. With one exception, controlled cheat was replaced by wheat on a 1:1 biomass basis when herbicides caused no crop injury. All herbicide treatments increased grain yield, but grazing did not alter yield. At two locations, increased heads m−2and spikelets/head accounted for most of the grain yield increases, but at one location seeds/spikelet and weight/seed were also increased. Harvest index was unaffected.

Cheat (Bromus secalinus) Control in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) with Sulfonylurea Herbicides

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquelyn E. Driver ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper ◽  
Jeffrey A. Koscelny
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicides ◽  
Bromus Secalinus

Ten field experiments were conducted in Oklahoma from 1988 to 1992 to evaluate chlorsulfuron plus metsulfuron (5:1 w/w) and triasulfuron for cheat control in winter wheat. Cheat control by chlorsulfuron plus metsulfuron at 18 and 26 g ai/ha varied from 0 to 81% and by triasulfuron at 18 and 30 g ai/ha from 0 to 60%. Grain yield was increased in four experiments and dockage was reduced in five experiments by both rates of chlorsulfuron plus metsulfuron.

Sulfonylurea Herbicides Affect Hard Red Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Forage and Grain Yield

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Koscelny ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper ◽  
Eugene G. Krenzer
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicides ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Field experiments were conducted to determine whether residual sulfonylurea herbicides applied at cheat suppression rates affect hard red winter wheat forage production and grain yield. Triasulfuron at 30 g/ha or chlorsulfuron plus metsulfuron at 26 g/ha applied PRE and metribuzin applied early POST alone at 280 g/ha or tank-mixed with triasulfuron at 158 + 30 g/ha or chlorsulfuron plus metsulfuron at 210 + 21 g/ha, all decreased total forage production of weed-free wheat. Conversely, all herbicide treatments except triasulfuron applied PRE increased wheat grain yield.

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