Welfare Rights and Women's Rights in the 1960s

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha F. Davis
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Women Activists ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
Welfare Rights ◽  
National Organization For Women ◽  
The Poor ◽  
National Welfare ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Guaranteed Annual Income ◽  
Second Wave

The year 1966 is often cited as the start of the “second wave” of the organized women's movement, marked by the formation of the National Organization for Women (NOW). However, 1966 also marked the formal inception of another, less enduring group of women activists, the National Welfare Rights Organization (NWRO), linked to a separate but related social movement focused on welfare rights. From 1966 to 1975, NWRO coordinated welfare mothers' activism to shore up public assistance for the poor and to establish a federally guaranteed annual income. At its height in 1968, NWRO claimed twenty thousand members nationwide and dozens of local chapters from California to New York.

scholarly journals Reform and Its Discontents: Public Health in New York City During the Great Society

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-28
Author(s):  
James Colgrove
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Great Society ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Minorities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Community Activists ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Cycle Of Poverty

The health-care system was one of the most visible and contentious battlegrounds on which the social conflicts of the 1960s unfolded. To an unprecedented extent, health status—especially the stark disadvantage in access and outcomes for racial and ethnic minorities and the poor—became an object of public and governmental concern during the Great Society era, as clinicians, community activists, politicians, and policymakers sought to create new models of medical care that were more equitable and efficient than those of the past. The social science theories that informed the ambitious programs of Lyndon Johnson's administration gave an imprimatur to the idea that illness was both cause and consequence of the “cycle of poverty.”

Welfare Rights

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Stoesz
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Capability Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Justice ◽  
Welfare Rights ◽  
National Welfare ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right To Welfare ◽  
Satisfaction Measures

Welfare as a right has long been an objective of advocates for social and economic justice. During the 1960s, the right to welfare was championed by legal scholars as well as the activists who created the National Welfare Rights Organization (NWRO). With the demise of NWRO in 1975 and the subsequent ascendance of conservatism in social policy, notably the 1996 welfare reform act, momentum for welfare as a right flagged. Since the 1990s, a capability approach to well-being has been proposed, and various instruments have been constructed to evaluate the welfare of populations across nations as well as subnational jurisdictions. Variables such as income, health, education, employment, and satisfaction measures of well-being have effectively replaced the idea of welfare as a right. The transition from welfare as a right to well-being varying across populations provides more information social workers can use to advocate for marginalized populations.

Protest by the Poor: The Welfare Rights Movement in New York City

1977 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 716
Author(s):  
Michael V. Gershowitz ◽  
Larry R. Jackson ◽  
William A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Welfare Rights ◽  
Welfare Rights Movement ◽  
The Poor

Why Lawrence?

Latino City ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Llana Barber
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Push Factors ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second Wave

Chapter Two analyzes Latino settlement in Lawrence during the 1960s and 1970s, as the city's declining manufacturing sector recruited Latino workers. I emphasize the push factors driving migrants from Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic, as well as from New York City, in which the crisis provoked by racialized disinvestment and deindustrialization was already well advanced. The postwar metropolitan political economy ensured that suburban housing, particularly in Massachusetts, was largely off limits to working-class Latinos, so this dispersal from New York was marked by a re-concentration within small cities like Lawrence. A second wave of deindustrialization in the late 1970s was especially destabilizing for Latinos concentrated in the city's manufacturing sector.

Tools of Transformation: Appropriate Technology in U.S. Countercultural Literature

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-93
Author(s):  
Peter Mortensen
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Environmental Transformation ◽  
Buckminster Fuller ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Second Wave

This essay takes its cue from second-wave ecocriticism and from recent scholarly interest in the “appropriate technology” movement that evolved during the 1960s and 1970s in California and elsewhere. “Appropriate technology” (or AT) refers to a loosely-knit group of writers, engineers and designers active in the years around 1970, and more generally to the counterculture’s promotion, development and application of technologies that were small-scale, low-cost, user-friendly, human-empowering and environmentally sound. Focusing on two roughly contemporary but now largely forgotten American texts Sidney Goldfarb’s lyric poem “Solar-Heated-Rhombic-Dodecahedron” (1969) and Gurney Norman’s novel Divine Right’s Trip (1971)—I consider how “hip” literary writers contributed to eco-technological discourse and argue for the 1960s counterculture’s relevance to present-day ecological concerns. Goldfarb’s and Norman’s texts interest me because they conceptualize iconic 1960s technologies—especially the Buckminster Fuller-inspired geodesic dome and the Volkswagen van—not as inherently alienating machines but as tools of profound individual, social and environmental transformation. Synthesizing antimodernist back-to-nature desires with modernist enthusiasm for (certain kinds of) machinery, these texts adumbrate a humanity- and modernity-centered post-wilderness model of environmentalism that resonates with the dilemmas that we face in our increasingly resource-impoverished, rapidly warming and densely populated world.

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