scholarly journals Cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients over 2015–2018 (a case study of Russia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Azovtseva ◽  
E. A. Viktorova ◽  
E. G. Bakulina ◽  
A. S. Shelomov ◽  
T. N. Trofimova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cerebral Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Immunological Examination ◽  
Cluster Of Differentiation

Abstract Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a leading cause of the central nervous system disorders in acquired immune deficiency syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the clinical course of cerebral toxoplasmosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. The study included 90 HIV-infected patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis, who underwent inpatient treatment. In case of positive enzyme immunoassay, HIV infection was confirmed with the immunoblot test. The HIV-1 ribonucleic acid level was determined using the polymerase chain reaction method. The flow cytometry was used for counting CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4 cells). Pathomorphological examination included the autopsy, gross and microscopic examination of internal organs, histological and other methods. The incidence of cerebral toxoplasmosis significantly increases at the CD4 count below 100 cells/μl, P < 0.001, and at the HIV viral load above 50 copies/ml, P < 0.05. The clinical picture of cerebral toxoplasmosis included focal symptoms, cognitive impairment, toxic syndrome, mild cerebral symptoms and a meningeal symptom. Given the absence of a specific clinical picture and the absence of abnormal laboratory and instrumental findings, the cerebral toxoplasmosis needs to be diagnosed with a number diagnostic methods combined: clinical examination, laboratory testing, immunological examination, molecular genetic testing and neuroradiological imaging.

Cerebral toxoplasmosis complicating the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: Clinical and neuropathological findings in 27 patients

1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradford A. Navia ◽  
Carol K. Petito ◽  
Jonathan W. M. Gold ◽  
Eun-Sook Cho ◽  
Barry D. Jordan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cerebral Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

Non cutaneous AIDS-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9555-9555
Author(s):  
J. Stebbing ◽  
D. Mazhar ◽  
C. Palmieri ◽  
C. Thirlwell ◽  
T. Powles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Strong Immune Response ◽  
Cutaneous Disease ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
First Time

9555 Background: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome related Kaposi’s sarcoma (AIDS-KS) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. We describe for the first time a proportion of patients with AIDS-KS who presented with no evidence of cutaneous disease. Methods: From our cohort of 5,932 individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) treated in the HAART era, 319 were identified with KS. Of these, 11 patients (5.4%) were diagnosed with KS without the presence of any cutaneous disease. We compared their survival, clinical, immunologic and virologic characteristics to other individuals with KS. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in survival, CD4 count or HIV viral load at KS presentation. We observed that tumour-associated edema (p=0.046) and non-oral gastro-intestinal KS (p=0.042) were significantly more common in patients with non-cutaneous KS. Only 1 case of non-cutaneous KS was observed prior to the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Conclusions: Non-cutaneous KS is a recognisable condition; patients should be treated with the standard of care as their prognosis is not inferior. This is likely to reflect a strong immune response, in the era of HAART. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals CD4+ dan Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kepatuhan Terapi Antiretroviral pada Orang dengan HIV/AIDS di Jayapura

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Setyo Adiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cd4 Cell Counts ◽  
Cluster Of Differentiation ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is one of the leading health problems in Papua and antiretroviral (ARV) therapy increases cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4+). We examined whether the CD4+ counts correlated with factors affecting adherence of ARV therapy in Papua. A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2017 at VCT RSUD Dok II Jayapura. We assessed 85 respondents receiving ARV therapy for 12-24 months, who had fulfilled inclusion criteria agreed to sign the informed consent. Information of CD4+ and factors affecting adherence were obtained from blood samples analysis and questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Fisher exact test and Odds Ratio at p<0,05. The result showed that the high percentages of respondents’ characteristics include female, aged 15-30 years, employed, had formal education, indigenous Papuan, good treatment knowlegde, never switch ARV, had ARV side effects, had health insurance, never stigmatized, always got adherence counseling, easy access to health services, had family support, no community support. Most of the respondents were adherent to taking ARVs and had an increase in CD4+ cell counts. Women, working status, and stigma had a greater risk for immunodeficiency. Evaluation was required for respondents whose good adherence but did not experienced an increase in CD4+ cell counts. Keywords : CD4+, factors affecting adherence, ARV therapy, HIV/AIDS, Jayapura Abstrak Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) menjadi salah satu permasalahan kesehatan di Papua. Terapi antiretroviral (ARV) meningkatkan jumlah Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4+). Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis hubungan CD4+ dengan faktor yang memengaruhi kepatuhan terapi di Papua. Sampling dilakukan Juni sampai September 2017. Responden 85 pasien terapi ARV 12-24 bulan di VCT RSUD Dok II Jayapura yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan setuju untuk menandatangani informed consent. Data CD4+ dan faktor kepatuhan diperoleh dari pemeriksaan sampel darah dan kuesioner. Data dianalisis dengan uji Fisher exact dan Odds Ratio pada p <0,05. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa persentase karakteristik responden terbesar adalah perempuan, berumur 15-30 tahun, bekerja, sekolah dan asli Papua. Informasi berkaitan dengan ARV dengan persentase terbesar adalah pengetahuan pengobatan baik, tidak pernah ganti ARV pernah mengalami efek samping ARV, memiliki jaminan kesehatan, tidak pernah mengalami stigma, selalu mendapat konseling kepatuhan, akses layanan kesehatan mudah, mendapat dukungan keluarga, tidak mendapat dukungan komunitas. Mayoritas responden patuh minum ARV dan mengalami kenaikan jumlah CD4+. Perempuan, status bekerja, dan stigma memiliki risiko lebih besar untuk imunodefisiensi. Diperlukan evaluasi pada responden patuh minum ARV tetapi tidak mengalami kenaikan CD4+. Kata kunci : CD4+, faktor memengaruhi kepatuhan, terapi ARV, HIV/AIDS, Jayapura

scholarly journals Studi Efektifitas Antiretroviral Regimen Obat Kombinasi Dosis Tetap (Tenofovir/Lamivudin/Efavirenz) Berdasarkan Peningkatan Kadar Cd4 T-Limfosit (Studi dilakukan di Intalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit X Surabaya)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Putri Kusuma Wardani ◽  
Ninik Mas Ulfa ◽  
A.C Aditya Natalia
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Fixed Dose Combination ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Dose Combination ◽  
Cluster Of Differentiation ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRAKHIV adalah virus yang secara bertahap menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia. HIV dapat menyebabkan AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) dan sel yang terinfeksi yang memiliki molekul Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4). Pengobatan dengan antiretroviral memiliki mekanisme tindakan untuk mencegah replikasi virus yang secara bertahap menurunkan jumlah virus dalam darah. Penelitian ini observasional yang dilakukan secara retrospektif selama 2 tahun (Januari 2014 - Desember 2015) pada pasien HIV / AIDS denganjumlah 51 pasien rawat jalan. Hasil studi observasional menunjukkan bahwa pengobatan dengan antiretroviral regimen obat kombinasi dosis tetap (Tenofovir 300 mg + Lamivudin 300 mg + Efavirenz 600 mg) mengalami peningkatan jumlah CD4 selama terapi dan analisis statistik deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaansebelum dan sesudah terapi, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa antiretroviral regimen obat kombinasi dosis tetap efektif.Kata Kunci: HIV / AIDS, CD4 T-Limfosit, Tenofovir, Lamivudin, Efavirenz.ABSTRACTHIV is a virus that gradually attack the human immune system. HIV can lead to the AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) and infected cells that have molecul Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4). Treatment withantiretroviral have mechanism of action to prevent replication virus which is step by step decrease the amount of virus in blood. This observasional study conducted retrospectively during 2 years (Januari 2014 - December2015) againt patient HIV/AIDS with 51 outpatients. The result of the observational study showed that treatment with Antiretroviral Fixed Dose Combination (Tenofovir 300 mg + Lamivudin 300 mg + Efavirenz 600 mg) had increased CD4 level during therapy and descriptive statistic analysis showed that there was a differences in preand post theraphy, so if could be concluded that Antiretroviral Fixed Dose Combination administration was effective.Key Words: HIV/AIDS, CD4 T-Limfosit, Tenofovir, Lamivudin, Efavirenz.

Choreoathetosis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Maggi ◽  
M. de Mari ◽  
R. De Blasi ◽  
S. Arminise ◽  
C. Romanelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cerebral Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

scholarly journals Knowledge about HIV infection, transmission, diagnostic methods and its treatment among the students of a nursing and a Physiotherapy Colleges in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
BL Bamboriya ◽  
Yogyata Marothi ◽  
Meha Rawat ◽  
Megha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Central India ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Infection Transmission ◽  
The Future ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) impairs the host's immune system until it reaches the terminal stage; Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). India has the third largest HIV epidemic in the world. Although healthcare workers (HCWs) can play a crucial role in prevention and control of HIV/AIDS, least attention is given to assess their knowledge and attitude on the topic.Methods: A prospective, cross sectional study was conducted (January 2014 and April 2015) to assess the knowledge of HIV/AIDS among students of a nursing and a physiotherapy college in Ujjain district of central India. All enrolled students were invited to participate, of those 98% participated voluntarily (nursing-120/120 and physiotherapy-56/60).Results: More than half of the participants were not aware that HIV is an infection causing virus and AIDS is a spectrum of conditions or a syndrome. The majority of the participants had poor knowledge about the available diagnostic tests and curative treatment of the infection. The study also reflected the participant’s belief in common myths and misconceptions. Physical contacts with intact skin during patient care and social interaction with a person living with HIV were considered as risk factors for infection transmission. More than 60% participants admitted for their inadequate knowledge and majority (>90%) were willing to participate in a training workshop on the topic.Conclusions: Extremely poor knowledge about the infection’s epidemiology, mode of transmission, diagnostics among the future HCWs might be a rick for discrimination. Discrimination-free healthcare, a prerequisite to end the epidemic, could be achieved by addressing the myths and misconceptions among the future and present HCWs.

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