scholarly journals Intracortical connections are not required for oscillatory activity in the visual cortex: Erratum

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1192-1192
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Final Version ◽  
Software Translation

Due to a software translation incompatibility, errors were introduced in the final version of the manuscript submitted for the above publication.

Auditory modulation of oscillatory activity in extra-striate visual cortex and its contribution to audio–visual multisensory integration: A human intracranial EEG study

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Manuel R. Mercier ◽  
John J. Foxe ◽  
Ian C. Fiebelkorn ◽  
John S. Butler ◽  
Theodore H. Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Multisensory Integration ◽  
Multisensory Processing ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Electrical Brain Activity ◽  
Sensory Cortices

Investigations have traditionally focused on activity in the sensory cortices as a function of their respective sensory inputs. However, converging evidence from multisensory research has shown that neural activity in a given sensory region can be modulated by stimulation of other so-called ancillary sensory systems. Both electrophysiology and functional imaging support the occurrence of multisensory processing in human sensory cortex based on the latency of multisensory effects and their precise anatomical localization. Still, due to inherent methodological limitations, direct evidence of the precise mechanisms by which multisensory integration occurs within human sensory cortices is lacking. Using intracranial recordings in epileptic patients () undergoing presurgical evaluation, we investigated the neurophysiological basis of multisensory integration in visual cortex. Subdural electrical brain activity was recorded while patients performed a simple detection task of randomly ordered Auditory alone (A), Visual alone (V) and Audio–Visual stimuli (AV). We then performed time-frequency analysis: first we investigated each condition separately to evaluate responses compared to baseline, then we indexed multisensory integration using both the maximum criterion model (AV vs. V) and the additive model (AV vs. A+V). Our results show that auditory input significantly modulates neuronal activity in visual cortex by resetting the phase of ongoing oscillatory activity. This in turn leads to multisensory integration when auditory and visual stimuli are simultaneously presented.

scholarly journals Attentional modulation of oscillatory activity in human visual cortex

NeuroImage ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Yamagishi ◽  
Daniel E Callan ◽  
Naokazu Goda ◽  
Stephen J Anderson ◽  
Yoshikazu Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Attentional Modulation ◽  
Human Visual Cortex

Attentional changes in pre-stimulus oscillatory activity within early visual cortex are predictive of human visual performance

2008 ◽  
Vol 1197 ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Yamagishi ◽  
Daniel E. Callan ◽  
Stephen J. Anderson ◽  
Mitsuo Kawato
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Visual Performance ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Early Visual Cortex

scholarly journals Theta Phase-Dependent Modulation of Perception by Concurrent tACS and Periodic Visual Stimulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Somer ◽  
John Allen ◽  
Joseph Brooks ◽  
Vaughan Buttrill ◽  
Amir-Homayoun Javadi
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Auditory Perception ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Sensory Perception ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Phase 0 ◽  
Theta Frequency ◽  
Visual Matching

AbstractBackgroundSensory perception can be modulated by the phase of neural oscillations, especially in the theta and alpha ranges. Oscillatory activity in the visual cortex can be entrained by transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) as well as periodic visual stimulation (i.e., flicker). Combined tACS and visual flicker stimulation modulates blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) responses and concurrent 4 Hz auditory click-trains and tACS modulates auditory perception in a phase-dependent way.ObjectiveIn the present study, we investigated if phase synchrony between concurrent tACS and periodic visual stimulation (i.e., flicker) can modulate performance on a visual matching task.MethodsParticipants completed a visual matching task on a flickering visual stimulus while receiving either in-phase (0 degree) or asynchronous (180, 90, or 270 degrees) tACS at alpha or theta frequency. Stimulation was applied over either occipital cortex or dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).ResultsVisual performance was significantly better during theta frequency tACS over the visual cortex when it was in-phase (0 degree) with visual stimulus flicker, compared to anti-phase (180 degree). This effect did not appear with alpha frequency flicker or with DLPFC stimulation. Furthermore, a control sham group showed no effect. There were no significant performance differences amongst the asynchronous (180, 90, and 270 degrees) phase conditions.ConclusionExtending previous studies on visual and auditory perception, our results support a crucial role of oscillatory phase in sensory perception and demonstrate a behaviourally relevant combination of visual flicker and tACS. The spatial and frequency specificity of our results have implications for research on the functional organisation of perception.

Stereotactic electroencephalography in humans reveals multisensory signal in early visual and auditory cortices

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Ferraro ◽  
Markus J. Van Ackeren ◽  
Roberto Mai ◽  
Laura Tassi ◽  
Francesco Cardinale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Multisensory Processing ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Visual Responses ◽  
Related Potentials

AbstractUnequivocally demonstrating the presence of multisensory signals at the earliest stages of cortical processing remains challenging in humans. In our study, we relied on the unique spatio-temporal resolution provided by intracranial stereotactic electroencephalographic (SEEG) recordings in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy to characterize the signal extracted from early visual (calcarine and pericalcarine) and auditory (Heschl’s gyrus and planum temporale) regions during a simple audio-visual oddball task. We provide evidences that both cross-modal responses (visual responses in auditory cortex or the reverse) and multisensory processing (alteration of the unimodal responses during bimodal stimulation) can be observed in intracranial event-related potentials (iERPs) and in power modulations of oscillatory activity at different temporal scales within the first 150 ms after stimulus onset. The temporal profiles of the iERPs are compatible with the hypothesis that MSI occurs by means of direct pathways linking early visual and auditory regions. Our data indicate, moreover, that MSI mainly relies on modulations of the low-frequency bands (foremost the theta band in the auditory cortex and the alpha band in the visual cortex), suggesting the involvement of feedback pathways between the two sensory regions. Remarkably, we also observed high-gamma power modulations by sounds in the early visual cortex, thus suggesting the presence of neuronal populations involved in auditory processing in the calcarine and pericalcarine region in humans.

Intracortical connections are not required for oscillatory activity in the visual cortex

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 963R-979R ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey M. Ghose ◽  
Ralph D. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Spike Trains ◽  
Cortical Layer ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Complex Cells ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Simple And Complex Cells

Abstractarises from the integration of signals from strongly oscillatory cells within the LGN. The model also predicts the incidence of 50-Hz oscillatory cells within the cortex. Oscillatory discharge around 30 Hz is explained in a second model by the presence of intrinsically oscillatory cells within cortical layer 5. Both models generate spike trains whose power spectra and mean firing rates are in close agreement with experimental observations of simple and complex cells. Considered together, the two models can largely account for the nature and incidence of oscillatory discharge in the cat's visual cortex. The validity of these models is consistent with the possibility that oscillations are generated independently of intracortical interactions. Because these models rely on intrinsic stimulus-independent oscillators within the retina and cortex, the results further suggest that oscillatory activity within the cortex is not necessarily associated with the processing of high-order visual information.

Intracortical connections are not required for oscillatory activity in the visual cortex

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 963-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey M. Ghose ◽  
Ralph D. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Cortical Layer ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Complex Cells ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Cortical Oscillations ◽  
Simple And Complex Cells

AbstractSynchronized oscillatory discharge in the visual cortex has been proposed to underlie the linking of retinotopically disparate features into perceptually coherent objects. These proposals have largely relied on the premise that the oscillations arise from intracortical circuitry. However, strong oscillations within both the retina and the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) have been reported recently. To evaluate the possibility that cortical oscillations arise from peripheral pathways, we have developed two plausible models of single cell oscillatory discharge that specifically exclude intracortical networks. In the first model, cortical oscillatory discharge near 50 Hz in frequency arises from the integration of signals from strongly oscillatory cells within the LGN. The model also predicts the incidence of 50-Hz oscillatory cells within the cortex. Oscillatory discharge around 30 Hz is explained in a second model by the presence of intrinsically oscillatory cells within cortical layer 5. Both models generate spike trains whose power spectra and mean firing rates are in close agreement with experimental observations of simple and complex cells. Considered together, the two models can largely account for the nature and incidence of oscillatory discharge in the cat's visual cortex. The validity of these models is consistent with the possibility that oscillations are generated independently of intracortical interactions. Because these models rely on intrinsic stimulus-independent oscillators within the retina and cortex, the results further suggest that oscillatory activity within the cortex is not necessarily associated with the processing of high-order visual information.

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