Diurnal cortisol rhythms in youth from risky families: Effects of cumulative risk exposure and variation in the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region gene

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4pt1) ◽  
pp. 999-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia J. Willner ◽  
Pamela A. Morris ◽  
Dana Charles McCoy ◽  
Emma K. Adam
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Polymorphic Region ◽  
Region Gene ◽  
Diurnal Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Levels

AbstractBuilding on research on cumulative risk and psychopathology, this study examines how cumulative risk exposure is associated with altered diurnal cortisol rhythms in an ethnically diverse, low-income sample of youth. In addition, consistent with a diathesis-stress perspective, this study explores whether the effect of environmental risk is moderated by allelic variation in the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) gene. Results show that youth with greater cumulative risk exposure had flatter diurnal cortisol slopes, regardless of5-HTTLPRgenotype. However, the association of cumulative risk with average cortisol output (area under the curve [AUC]) was moderated by the5-HTTLPRgenotype. Among youth homozygous for the long allele, greater cumulative risk exposure was associated with lower cortisol AUC, driven by significant reductions in cortisol levels at waking. In contrast, there was a trend-level association between greater cumulative risk and higher cortisol AUC among youth carrying the short allele, driven by a trend-level increase in bedtime cortisol levels. Findings are discussed with regard to the relevance of dysregulated diurnal cortisol rhythms for the development of psychopathology and the implications of genetically mediated differences in psychophysiological adaptations to stress.

Boys' serotonin transporter genotype affects maternal behavior through self-control: A case of evocative gene–environment correlation

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roni Pener-Tessler ◽  
Reut Avinun ◽  
Florina Uzefovsky ◽  
Shany Edelman ◽  
Richard P. Ebstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Positive Parenting ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Polymorphic Region ◽  
Region Gene ◽  
Following Instructions ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Serotonin Transporter Genotype ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractSelf-control, involving processes such as delaying gratification, concentrating, planning, following instructions, and adapting emotions and behavior to situational requirements and social norms, may have a profound impact on children's adjustment. The importance of self-control suggests that parents are likely to modify their parenting based on children's ability for self-control. We study the effect of children's self-control, a trait partially molded by genetics, on their mothers' parenting, a process of evocative gene–environment correlation. Israeli 3.5-year-old twins (N = 320) participated in a lab session in which their mothers' parenting was observed. DNA was available from most children (N = 228). Mothers described children's self-control in a questionnaire. Boys were lower in self-control and received less positive parenting from their mothers, in comparison with girls. For boys, and not for girls, the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region gene predicted mothers' levels of positive parenting, an effect mediated by boys' self-control. The implications of this evocative gene–environment correlation and the observed sex differences are discussed.

Allelic variation of the serotonin transporter gene polymorphic region in apes

Primates ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miho Inoue-Murayama ◽  
Youko Niimi ◽  
Osamu Takenaka ◽  
Kyoko Okada ◽  
Ichiyo Matsuzaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Serotonin Transporter Gene ◽  
Transporter Gene ◽  
Polymorphic Region

scholarly journals Pathways from early adversity to later adjustment: Tests of the additive and bidirectional effects of executive control and diurnal cortisol in early childhood

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana J. Lengua ◽  
Stephanie F. Thompson ◽  
Lyndsey R. Moran ◽  
Maureen Zalewski ◽  
Erika J. Ruberry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Diurnal Cortisol ◽  
Children's Adjustment ◽  
Children’S Adjustment ◽  
Bidirectional Effects

AbstractAdditive and bidirectional effects of executive control and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis regulation on children's adjustment were examined, along with the effects of low income and cumulative risk on executive control and the HPA axis. The study utilized longitudinal data from a community sample of preschool age children (N = 306, 36–39 months at Time 1) whose families were recruited to overrepresent low-income contexts. We tested the effects of low income and cumulative risk on levels and growth of executive control and HPA axis regulation (diurnal cortisol level), the bidirectional effects of executive control and the HPA axis on each other, and their additive effects on children's adjustment problems, social competence and academic readiness. Low income predicted lower Time 4 executive control, and cumulative risk predicted lower Time 4 diurnal cortisol level. There was little evidence of bidirectional effects of executive control and diurnal cortisol. However, both executive control and diurnal cortisol predicted Time 4 adjustment, suggesting additive effects. There were indirect effects of income on all three adjustment outcomes through executive control, and of cumulative risk on adjustment problems and social competence through diurnal cortisol. The results provide evidence that executive control and diurnal cortisol additively predict children's adjustment and partially account for the effects of income and cumulative risk on adjustment.

scholarly journals Take your mind off it: Coping style, serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region genotype (5-HTTLPR), and children's internalizing and externalizing problems

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4pt1) ◽  
pp. 1129-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie I. Cline ◽  
Jay Belsky ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Edward Melhuish ◽  
Laura Lysenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Coping Style ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Polymorphic Region ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

AbstractIndividuals with the short variant of the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region gene are more susceptible than individuals homozygous for the long allele to the effects of stressful life events on risk for internalizing and externalizing problems. We tested whether individual differences in coping style explained this increased risk for problem behavior among youth who were at both genetic and environmental risk. Participants included 279 children, ages 8–11, from the Children's Experiences and Development Study. Caregivers and teachers reported on children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and caregivers and children on children's exposure to harsh parenting and parental warmth in middle childhood, and traumatic events. Children reported how frequently they used various coping strategies. Results revealed that short/short homozygotes had higher levels of internalizing problems compared with long allele carriers and that short allele carriers had higher levels of externalizing problems compared with long/long homozygotes under conditions of high cumulative risk. Moreover, among children who were homozygous for the short allele, those who had more cumulative risk indicators less frequently used distraction coping strategies, which partly explained why they had higher levels of internalizing problems. Coping strategies did not significantly mediate Gene × Environment effects on externalizing symptoms.

Serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and diurnal cortisol: A sex by genotype interaction

2010 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthis Wankerl ◽  
Birgit-Christiane Zyriax ◽  
Brigitta Bondy ◽  
Kim Hinkelmann ◽  
Eberhard Windler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Serotonin Transporter Gene ◽  
Transporter Gene ◽  
Polymorphic Region ◽  
Diurnal Cortisol ◽  
Genotype Interaction

scholarly journals Interactive effects of corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1, serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region, and child maltreatment on diurnal cortisol regulation and internalizing symptomatology

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1125-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dante Cicchetti ◽  
Fred A. Rogosch ◽  
Assaf Oshri
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Polymorphic Region ◽  
Diurnal Cortisol ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Internalizing Symptomatology

AbstractWithin an allostatic load framework, the effect of Gene × Environment (G × E) interactions on diurnal cortisol regulation and internalizing symptomatology were investigated. Variation in the corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1(CRHR1)TAT haplotype and serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) was determined in a sample of maltreated (n= 238, 21.4% with early physical and sexual abuse) and nonmaltreated (n= 255) children (Mage = 10.08) participating in a summer research camp. Internalizing and depressive symptoms were assessed by other and self-report. G × E effects forCRHR1and maltreatment and early abuse on diurnal cortisol regulation were observed;CRHR1variation was related to cortisol dysregulation only among maltreated children. Early abuse and high internalizing symptoms also interacted to predict atypical diurnal cortisol regulation. The interaction ofCRHR1, 5-HTTLPR, and child maltreatment (G × G × E) identified a subgroup of maltreated children with high internalizing symptoms who shared the same combination of the two genes. The findings support an allostatic load perspective on the effects of the chronic stress associated with child maltreatment on cortisol regulation and internalizing symptomatology as moderated by genetic variation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document