Brain-Imaging Studies of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 641-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Liberzon ◽  
K. Luan Phan
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Activation Patterns

ABSTRACTBrain-imaging studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have rapidly increased in recent years. Structural studies have identified potential smaller volumes of the hippocampus of traumatized and/or PTSD subjects. Functional activation studies have implicated hyperactive or altered functioning of brain regions, such as the amygdala and the insula, and a failure to engage emotional regulatory structures, such as the medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex. Recent neurochemical investigations have suggested that neuromodulatory systems (eg, γ-aminobutyric acid, μ-opioid) may underlie these aberrant brain activation patterns. This article reviews the literature on structural, functional, and neurochemical brain-imaging studies of PTSD.

Neuroimaging and the Neuroanatomy of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 30-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott L. Rauch ◽  
Lisa M. Shin ◽  
Paul J. Whalen ◽  
Roger K. Pitman
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Neuroimaging Data ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractContemporary neuroimaging methods have been used to gather initial data regarding the neural substrates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Morphometric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have reliably shown reduced hippocampal volume in subjects with PTSD vs control cohorts. Functional imaging studies have implicated a network of brain regions in PTSD, comprising the amygdala, hippocampus, and anterior paralimbic territories (including anterior cingulate cortex), as well as Broca's area and visual cortex. Extant relevant neuroimaging data are reviewed, and a tentative heuristic neuroanatomical model of PTSD is provided. In conclusion, emerging strategies for advancement in this field are outlined.

scholarly journals Evidence for Acquired Pregenual Anterior Cingulate Gray Matter Loss from a Twin Study of Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoto Kasai ◽  
Hidenori Yamasue ◽  
Mark W. Gilbertson ◽  
Martha E. Shenton ◽  
Scott L. Rauch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Gray Matter Loss

Neural Correlates of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms, Trauma Exposure, and Postmigration Stress in Response to Fear Faces in Resettled Refugees

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 811-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda J. Liddell ◽  
Jessica Cheung ◽  
Tim Outhred ◽  
Pritha Das ◽  
Gin S. Malhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Cumulative Trauma ◽  
The Impact

Refugees are exposed to multiple traumatic events and postmigration stressors, elevating risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but there is limited research into how these factors affect emotional neural systems. Here, resettled refugees in Australia ( N = 85) completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan while viewing fear and neutral faces. We examined the influence of PTSD symptoms, cumulative trauma, and recent postmigration stress on neural reactivity and regional coupling within the refugee sample. Cumulative trauma and postmigration stress but not PTSD symptoms correlated with fear-related brain activity and connectivity. Trauma exposure correlated with stronger activity but overall decreased connectivity in the bilateral posterior insula/rolandic operculum, postcentral gyrus, ventral anterior cingulate cortex, and posterior cingulate gyrus. Postmigration stress correlated with fusiform gyrus hyperactivity and increased connectivity in face-processing networks. Findings highlight the impact of past trauma and recent postmigration stress on fear-related neural responses within refugees over and above PTSD symptoms.

Pattern and volume of the anterior cingulate cortex in chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

2013 ◽  
Vol 263 (7) ◽  
pp. 585-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Jatzko ◽  
Corina Vogler ◽  
Traute Demirakca ◽  
Matthias Ruf ◽  
Berend Malchow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate

scholarly journals An investigation of resting state functional connectivity of the anterior and posterior Hippocampal subregions in posttraumatic stress disorder and its relationship with symptoms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bailee L. Malivoire
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Hippocampal Activity ◽  
The Right

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with abnormal hippocampal activity; however, the functional connectivity (FC) of the hippocampus with other brain regions and its relations with symptoms warrants further attention. I investigated FC of the hippocampus at a subregional level in PTSD during a resting state compared to trauma exposed controls (TECs). Based on imaging literature in PTSD, I targeted the FCs of the hippocampal head and tail subregions with the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and the posterior cingulate (PCC). The PTSD group had significantly greater FC compared to the TEC group between the left hippocampal head and the right amygdala, and for the left hippocampal tail with bilateral PCC. Resting state FC predicted symptom severity at time of scan and 4-months post-scan. These results highlight abnormal illness-related FC with both the hippocampal head and tail and provide support for future investigations of imaging biomarkers predictive of disease progression.

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