Exhaustive Photon Reassignment™: A Method Offering Enhanced Sensitivity and Quantitative Accuracy for High Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 379-380
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Kramer ◽  
Ramkumar K. Moorthy ◽  
William N. Casavan ◽  
David C. Hitrys
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity ◽  
Quantitative Accuracy ◽  
University Of Massachusetts ◽  
The University ◽  
Contrast Image

Confocal microscopy is a technique that allows researchers to obtain a highly resolved, high-contrast image of a focal plane in a fluorescent specimen by excluding or rejecting light emanating from out-of-focus planes. However, the basic design of confocals results in limitations for many biologists. It is often difficult to avoid photobleaching of specimens, to visualize fine or faintly-labeled structures, or to acquire high-quality images using short exposure times. The photomultiplier tubes used as the amplification detectors in these systems are restricted to a dynamic range of 8 bits (255 intensity levels), produce noise, and are not quantitatively linear detectors.Members of the Biomedical Imaging Group at the University of Massachusetts Medical School in Worcester, MA have spent the last fifteen years developing and perfecting a digital imaging system that helps scientists overcome these problems. Scanalytics is the exclusive worldwide licensee of this patented technology which allows researchers to obtain high-resolution, quantitatively accurate three-dimensional images of fluorescent specimens

A System for Computer-based Reconstruction of 3-Dimensional Structures from Serial Tissue Sections: an Application to the Study of Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Gland Biology

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (S2) ◽  
pp. 964-965
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalez ◽  
Arthur Jones ◽  
Enrique Garcia-Rodriguez ◽  
Davis Knowles ◽  
Damir Sudar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Disease Heterogeneity ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Virtual Reconstruction ◽  
Analytical Microscopy

Tissue heterogeneity and three-dimensionality are generally neglected by most traditional analytical microscopy methods in Biology. These often disregard contextual information important for understanding most biological systems. in breast cancer, which is a tissue level disease, heterogeneity and three dimensionality are at the very base of cancer initiation and clonal progression. Thus, a three dimensional quantitative system that allows low resolution virtual reconstruction of the mammary gland from serial sections, followed by high resolution cell-level reconstruction and quantitative analysis of the ductal epithelium emerges as an essential tool in studying the disease. We present here a distributed microscopic imaging system which allows acquiring and registering low magnification (1 pixel = 5 μm) conventional (bright field or fluorescence) images of entire tissue sections; then it allows tracing (in 3D) the ducts of the mammary gland from adjacent sections, to create a 3D virtual reconstruction of the gland; finally it allows revisiting areas of interest for high resolution (1 pixel = 0.5 μm) imaging and automatic analysis. We illustrate the use of the system for the reconstruction of a small volume of breast tissue.

scholarly journals High-resolution Three-dimensional Surface Imaging Microscope Based on Digital Fringe Projection Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Cheng-Yang Liu ◽  
Tzu-Ping Yen ◽  
Chien-Wen Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fringe Projection ◽  
Surface Imaging ◽  
Projection Technique ◽  
Digital Fringe Projection ◽  
Absolute Phase ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Fringe Patterns

AbstractThe three-dimensional (3-D) micro-scale surface imaging system based on the digital fringe projection technique for the assessments of microfiber and metric screw is presented in this paper. The proposed system comprises a digital light processing (DLP) projector, a set of optical lenses, a microscope, and a charge coupled device (CCD). The digital seven-step fringe patterns from the DLP projector pass through a set of optical lenses before being focused on the target surface. A set of optical lenses is designed for adjustment and size coupling of fringe patterns. A high-resolution CCD camera is employed to picture these distorted fringe patterns. The wrapped phase map is calculated by seven-step phase-shifting calculation from these distorted fringe patterns. The unwrapping calculation with quality guided path is introduced to compute the absolute phase values. The dimensional calibration methods are used to acquire the transformation between real 3-D shape and the absolute phase value. The capability of complex surface measurement for our system is demonstrated by using ISO standard screw M1.6. The experimental results for microfiber with 3 μm diameter indicate that the spatial and vertical resolutions can reach about 3 μm in our system. The proposed system provides a fast digital imaging system to examine the surface features with high-resolution for automatic optical inspection industry.

Pre-landslide topographic reconstruction using a Digital Elevation Model from CaSSIS onboard the Trace Gas Orbiter.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Guimpier ◽  
Susan Conway ◽  
Maurizio Pajola ◽  
Alice Lucchetti ◽  
Emanuele Simioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Resolution ◽  
Topographic Data ◽  
Contour Lines ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Landslide Event ◽  
Imaging Science ◽  
Topographic Reconstruction

<p>Landslides are common features on the surface of Mars. They have morphologies that resemble debris slides, mudflows [1], or giant rock avalanches [e.g., 2] on Earth. They can mobilise large quantities of material up to 10<sup>12</sup> m<sup>3</sup> and spread over areas of up to 10<sup>9</sup> m<sup>2</sup> [e.g., 3].</p><p>The topography before the landslide event occurred is required to both estimate the volume of mobilised material and quantify the distribution and thickness of the deposit. The mass distribution of the deposit can also be used to compare with 3D flow simulations of landslides [e.g. 1, 3]. However, on Mars there are no landslides that have known topographic data before the event occurred, hence we have to rely on topographic reconstruction.</p><p>This type of reconstruction, which we have already carried out using HiRISE (High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment) Digital Elevation Models (DEM) with 1-2 m vertical resolution [e.g., 1], has never been undertaken using DEMs with 4-5 m vertical resolution derived from CaSSIS (Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System) stereo pairs [4]. CaSSIS uses a 180° camera rotation to capture stereo images of a given site in a single pass. DEMs are then generated using 3DPD (three Dimensional reconstruction of Planetary Data) software [5].</p><p>Our aim is to test whether a landslide reconstruction can be carried out with a CaSSIS DEM. For our purpose we use a 6 km long landslide in Baetis Chaos region, Mars.</p><p>Our reconstruction consists of three main steps: 1) We first calculate contour lines. 2) Reconstructed contour lines are then drawn by connecting contour lines on either side of the boundary taking into account the overall topography outside the landslide. 3) Then, the reconstructed contour lines are converted into points at intervals equal to the spatial resolution of the DEM. These points are then interpolated using a natural neighbour algorithm to calculate a new DEM without the landslide. We were able to estimate that the landslide in Baetis Chaos has a volume of 10<sup>8</sup> m<sup>3</sup> and the deposit has a maximum thickness of 200 m using CaSSIS data.</p><p>Our successful reconstruction using a CaSSIS DEM increases the potential coverage of high-resolution stereo-topographic data beyond those already available with CTX and/or HiRISE. The resolution CaSSIS DEMs fills a gap in the topographic data currently available for studying landslides. Landslides > 15 km long can be studied with MOLA or HRSC data, and landslides < 5 km long can be studied using HiRISE data. Now, landslides and other landforms 5-15 km can be studied using CaSSIS data with equivalent quality to CTX stereo-topography.</p><p>Acknowledgement: CaSSIS is a project of the University of Bern, with instrument hardware development supported by INAF/Astronomical Observatory of Padova (ASI-INAF agreement n.2020-17-HH.0), and the Space Research Center (CBK) in Warsaw.</p><p>References: [1] A. Guimpier et al. (In review) <em>PSS</em>. [2] G. Magnarini et al. (2019) <em>Nature Communications</em>. [3] G.B. Crosta et al. (2018) <em>ESS</em>, 5, 89–119. [4] A. Lucas et al. (2014) <em>Nature Communications</em>. [5] E. Simioni et al. (In press) <em>PSS</em>.</p>

scholarly journals High-dynamic range compressive spectral imaging by grayscale coded aperture adaptive filtering

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Eduardo Diaz ◽  
Hoover Fabian Rueda Chacon ◽  
Henry Arguello Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
High Dynamic Range ◽  
Data Cube ◽  
Coded Aperture ◽  
Coded Apertures

<p class="p1">The coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging system (CASSI) is an imaging architecture which senses the three dimensional informa-tion of a scene with two dimensional (2D) focal plane array (FPA) coded projection measurements. A reconstruction algorithm takes advantage of the compressive measurements sparsity to recover the underlying 3D data cube. Traditionally, CASSI uses block-un-block coded apertures (BCA) to spatially modulate the light. In CASSI the quality of the reconstructed images depends on the design of these coded apertures and the FPA dynamic range. This work presents a new CASSI architecture based on grayscaled coded apertu-res (GCA) which reduce the FPA saturation and increase the dynamic range of the reconstructed images. The set of GCA is calculated in a real-time adaptive manner exploiting the information from the FPA compressive measurements. Extensive simulations show the attained improvement in the quality of the reconstructed images when GCA are employed.  In addition, a comparison between traditional coded apertures and GCA is realized with respect to noise tolerance.</p>

Photo-Acoustic Based Non-Contact and Non-Destructive Evaluation for Detection of Damage Precursors in Composites

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siqi Wang ◽  
Liangzhong Xiang ◽  
Yingtao Liu ◽  
Hong Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Complex Load ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Matrix Cracks ◽  
Non Destructive Evaluation ◽  
Cfrp Composites ◽  
Non Destructive

Damage precursor in composites can lead to large structural damages, such as delamination, in carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites due to complex load conditions and environmental effects. In addition, multiple types of damage precursors including micro-scale matrix cracks, fiber pull-out from matrix, and fiber breakages, are extremely difficult to detect due to the limitation of resolution of current non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technologies. This paper presents a photo-acoustic based non-contact NDE system for the detection of damage precursors with extremely high resolution up to one hundred micrometers. This system consists of three major components: picoseconds pulsed laser based ultrasonic actuator, ultrasound receiver, and data processing and computing subsystem. Picoseconds pulsed laser is used to generate ultrasonic propagations in composites during the NDE process, and the ultrasound signals are recorded by the ultrasound receiver. Three-dimensional microstructure of the individual composites grid within the composite is able to be reconstructed for further analysis. The size and position of the damage precursors are evaluated with high accuracy up to 100 μm. The experimental results demonstrate that this imaging system is able to provide a novel non-contact approach with extremely high resolution for damage detection of CFRP composites. In addition, the developed NDE system has a wide industrial application in aerospace, automobile, civil, mechanical, and other key industries.

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