Dissolved Silicate Enhances the Oxidation of Chlorophenols by Permanganate: Important Role of Silicate-Stabilized MnO2 Colloids

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (16) ◽  
pp. 10279-10288
Author(s):  
Minda Yu ◽  
Xiaosong He ◽  
Beidou Xi ◽  
Ying Xiong ◽  
Zhicheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Silicate

Role of dissolved silicate in the occurrence of a phytoplankton bloom

1983 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 231-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizuo Tsunogai ◽  
Yasunori Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Dissolved Silicate

Solubility of apatite, monazite, zircon, and rutile in supercritical aqueous fluids with implications for subduction zone geochemistry

1991 ◽  
Vol 335 (1638) ◽  
pp. 365-375 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Aqueous Fluid ◽  
Element Distribution ◽  
Accessory Mineral ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Accessory Minerals ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
Dissolved Silicate

Solubilities of accessory minerals (apatite, monazite, zircon and rutile) in supercritical aqueous fluids have been measured to evaluate the role of these fluids in the mobilization of accessory mineral-hosted trace elements. We have characterized the effects on solubility of pH, X H 2 O (addition of CO 2 ), pressure ( P = 1.0-3.0 GPa), temperature ( T =800-1200 °C), and dissolved silicate and NaCl concentration. Fluorapatite solubility in pure H 2 O is low, not more than 0.4 wt% at all conditions studied, but increases strongly with decreasing pH. Changes in P, T, X H 2 O M NaCl (the molality of NaCl), and dissolved silicate concentration have comparatively little effect on apatite solubility. Monazite is even less soluble in H 2 O (not more than 0.2 wt% ). Limited data suggests that monazite solubility increases with increasing P and T and with decreasing pH, but is insensitive to M NaCl . Zircon reacts with H 2 O to form baddeleyite (ZrO 2 ) + silica-rich fluid. ZrO 2 solubility in H 2 O and 1 m HCl is less than 0.2 wt% . Zircon, and therefore ZrO 2 , solubility in quartz-saturated fluids± HCl ±NaCl and in H 2 O -CO 2 fluids is also very low. Rutile is more soluble than the other minerals examined, in the wt% range, and its solubility increases with increasing P and T . Results indicate that high P-T aqueous fluids can dissolve significant amounts of Ti but very little Zr, and little phosphate unless the fluids are acidic. In most cases, apatite, monazite and zircon will remain present during episodes of aqueous fluid metasomatism and therefore will exert control, as ‘residual phases’, over element distribution. The higher solubility of rutile relative to other accessory minerals at high pressure may result in the depletion of high field strength elements relative to large ion lithophile elements observed in subduction zone volcanics.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

The role of affect in feelings of obligation

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽  
Meltem Yucel ◽  
Amrisha Vaish
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Sense Of Obligation

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.

Refining our understanding of the “elephant in the room”

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Whiten
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Technological Culture

Abstract The authors do the field of cultural evolution a service by exploring the role of non-social cognition in human cumulative technological culture, truly neglected in comparison with socio-cognitive abilities frequently assumed to be the primary drivers. Some specifics of their delineation of the critical factors are problematic, however. I highlight recent chimpanzee–human comparative findings that should help refine such analyses.

Choosing a Markov blanket

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr
Keyword(s):  
Markov Blanket ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

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