scholarly journals Bluetongue Virus Particles as Nanoreactors for Enzyme Delivery and Cancer Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva C. Thuenemann ◽  
Duc H. T. Le ◽  
George P. Lomonossoff ◽  
Nicole F. Steinmetz
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Enzyme Delivery

Exposure of protein VP7 on the surface of bluetongue virus

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-601
Author(s):  
A.D. Hyatt
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Outer Coat ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Antibody Recognition ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Family ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
Physical Accessibility

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the type species os the genus orbivirus in the family Reoviridae. The virus has a fibrillar outer coat containing two major structural proteins VP2 and VP5 which surround an icosahedral core. The core contains two major proteins VP3 and VP7 and three minor proteins VP1, VP4 and VP6. Recent evidence has indicated that the core comprises a neucleoprotein center which is surrounded by two protein layers; VP7, a major constituent of capsomeres comprises the outer and VP3 the inner layer of the core . Antibodies to VP7 are currently used in enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays and immuno-electron microscopical (JEM) tests for the detection of BTV. The tests involve the antibody recognition of VP7 on virus particles. In an attempt to understand how complete viruses can interact with antibodies to VP7 various antibody types and methodologies were utilized to determine the physical accessibility of the core to the external environment.

scholarly journals Quantal and graded dose-responses of bluetongue virus: a comparison of their sensitivity as assay methods for neutralizing antibody

1966 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven-Eric Svehag
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Distribution ◽  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
The Best Approximation ◽  
Graded Responses ◽  
Quantal Responses ◽  
Random Variation

The sensitivity of quantal and graded responses to mouse-adapted bluetongue virus for the detection of neutralizing antibody was compared using probit and rankit analysis. The graded response, based on survival times, allowed the demonstration of antibody in highly dilute serum, in which antibody was not detected by the quantal response recording percentage death.Quantal responses to bluetongue virus variants were compared with theoretical dose-response curves constructed according to the Poisson distribution for the random variation of virus particles in inocula. Of these theoretical curves the first term in the Poisson distribution gave the best approximation to the experimental data but the fit to normal distribution curves was better. The quantal responses to bluetongue virus did not appear to reflect the random variation of one-or-more infectious virus particles in inocula.In graded responses to bluetongue virus, a rectilinear relationship was observed between reciprocal harmonic means of survival times and log virus dilutions.

Localization of the nonstructural protein NS1 in bluetongue virus-infected cells and its Presence in virus particles

Virology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 163 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan T. Eaton ◽  
Alex D. Hyatt ◽  
John R. White
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Nonstructural Protein ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Infected Cells

Production and purification of virus particles for the use in cancer therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. S33
Author(s):  
Tanja A. Grein ◽  
Weidner ◽  
Tobias Mühlebach ◽  
Michael D. Salzig ◽  
Denise Czermak
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Virus Particles

scholarly journals A Viral Nonstructural Protein Regulates Bluetongue Virus Trafficking and Release

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (13) ◽  
pp. 6806-6816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina C. P. Celma ◽  
Polly Roy
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Nonstructural Protein ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Cellular Membrane ◽  
Binding Motif ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Virus Egress

ABSTRACT Bluetongue virus (BTV), a nonenveloped insect-borne virus, is released from infected cells by multiple pathways. Unlike other nonenveloped viruses, in addition to cell lysis the newly synthesized virus particles also appear to use a unique “budding” process. The nonstructural protein NS3, the only membrane protein encoded by BTV in infected cells, has been implicated in this process, since it appears to interact not only with the outermost viral capsid protein VP2 but also with a component of the cellular ESCRT pathway. However, to date it had not been possible to obtain direct evidence for the involvement of NS3 in BTV morphogenesis due to the lack of a genetic system that would allow introducing the targeted mutation in NS3 gene. In this study, we have used the recently developed T7 transcript-based reverse genetics system for BTV to introduce mutations in the sequence of NS3 into the viral genome and have investigated the effect of these mutations in the context of a replicating virus. While certain NS3 mutations exhibited drastic effects on newly synthesized virus release, others had less pronounced effects. In particular, mutations of two residues in the Tsg101 binding motif, the putative L domain of NS3, altered normal virus egress patterns and left nascent particles tethered to the cellular membrane, apparently arrested in the process of budding. In cells infected with a mutant virus that was incapable of an NS3-VP2 interaction, no budding particles were visualized. These data suggest that NS3 may act like the membrane protein of enveloped viruses and is responsible for intracellular trafficking and budding of virus particles. NS3 is thus a bridge between the maturing virion particles and cellular proteins during virus egress.

scholarly journals Saliva Proteins of Vector Culicoides Modify Structure and Infectivity of Bluetongue Virus Particles

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e17545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin E. Darpel ◽  
Kathrin F. A. Langner ◽  
Manfred Nimtz ◽  
Simon J. Anthony ◽  
Joe Brownlie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Modify Structure

Structure of bluetongue virus particles by cryoelectron microscopy

1992 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Hewat ◽  
Timothy F. Booth ◽  
Polly Roy
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Cryoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Virus Particles

scholarly journals Enhanced Infectivity of Modified Bluetongue Virus Particles for Two Insect Cell Lines and for TwoCulicoidesVector Species

Virology ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 217 (2) ◽  
pp. 582-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.P.C. MERTENS ◽  
J.N. BURROUGHS ◽  
A. WALTON ◽  
M.P. WELLBY ◽  
H. FU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Insect Cell ◽  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Insect Cell Lines
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