Carbon Dots Detect Water-to-Ice Phase Transition and Act as Alcohol Sensors via Fluorescence Turn-Off/On Mechanism

The article presents the data obtained as a result of an experiment to determine the eﬀect of microwave radiation on the freezing rate of water in a heat pump installation are presented. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in experimentally evaluating the eﬀect of microwave radiation on the speed of the water-ice phase transition to increase the eﬃciency of the heat pump unit by increasing the rate of water crystallization. (Materials and methods) The main criterion for conducting the experiment was the speed of the water-ice phase transition of ordinary water and water that passed through microwave radiation. The article presents an experimental installation for conducting experiments, consisting of a 90-liter freezer, a Danfoss TLES4F compressor with a cooling capacity of 91 Watts, a programmable Arduino controller with four connected sealed DS18B20 temperature sensors, a water tank made of food- grade plastic. The article presents the scheme of the experimental installation. The water was treated with microwave radiation for 12 seconds, the thickness of the water layer was 4-5 millimeters, and the power of the magnetron used was 750 Watts. (Results and discussion) There was conducted 20 experiments on obtaining thermal energy using the water-ice phase transition. Ten experiments with ordinary filtered water and ten experiments with water subjected to microwave radiation. (Conclusions) Water subjected to uniform microwave radiation cools to 0 degrees Celsius 23 minutes earlier than water that has passed only filtration, and performs a phase transition to a solid state 74 minutes faster. Microwave radiation can be used to increase the eﬃciency of a heat pump using the energy of the water-ice phase transition by accelerating the production of thermal energy from the heat carrier to the heat supply system.

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HIGH-PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY (DSC): EQUIPMENT AND TECHNIQUE VALIDATION USING WATER-ICE PHASE-TRANSITION DATA

Journal of Food Process Engineering ◽

10.1111/j.1745-4530.2004.00471.x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 359-376 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

S. ZHU ◽

S. BULUT ◽

A. LE BAIL ◽

H.S. RAMASWAMY

Keyword(s):

Phase Transition ◽

Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽

High Pressure ◽

Pressure Differential ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Water Ice ◽

Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Ice Phase

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The Initial Requirements for the Heat Exchanger for Gathering Phase Transition Energy

Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK ◽

10.22314/2658-4859-2020-67-2-51-56 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 51-56

Author(s):

Aleksey N. Vasil’ev ◽

Irina G. Ershova ◽

Dmitriy V. Poruchikov ◽

Mikhail A. Ershov

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Phase Transition ◽

Heat Exchanger ◽

Heat Exchange ◽

Heat Pump ◽

Experimental Sample ◽

Water Ice ◽

Heat Pump Unit ◽

Heat Exchange Equipment ◽

Ice Phase

Production of heat power equipment and provision of agricultural production facilities with it is less than 40 percent, so it is important to conduct research on the development of domestic heat exchange equipment. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing the initial requirements for the heat exchanger of an experimental installation in order to gather the energy of the water-ice phase transition for its manufacture. (Materials and methods) Authors conduct patent search on the websites of the World Intellectual Property Organization, Rospatent, Google patents, the European Patent Office and the Eurasian Patent Organization. The article presents drawings using the COMPASS-3D V17 graphic editor. (Results and discussion) The article presents an energy-saving system for maintaining the microclimate of an agricultural facility using a heat pump. It was found that the thermal and physical parameters of the coolant (freezing point, thermal conductivity, solubility of salt, density) as water and salt solutions of various concentrations, as well as electrical and physical parameters (permittivity, tangent of the dielectric loss angle, electrical conductivity, temperature coefficient of electrical conductivity) change during external electrophysical treatment (exposure to an electric field, including electric freezing), magnetic field (including alternating magnetic field in the ultrahigh frequency range, low-frequency magnetic field, weak infra-low frequency magnetic field). (Conclusions) The energy-saving, eco-friendly heat exchange equipment with a heat pump unit is designed to maintain the microclimate of agricultural facilities. The article presents the initial requirements for the heat exchanger of the experimental installation for obtaining the energy of the water-ice phase transition, which will allow producing an experimental sample. Authors have developed a scheme for a heat exchanger of an experimental sample of heat exchange equipment with a heat pump unit for gathering energy of the water-ice phase transition.

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