Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation of adrenal RNA polymerase I and III activities. Nucleotide incorporation into internal positions and 3' chain termini

Biochemistry ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 2925-2933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shella A. Fuhrman ◽  
Gordon N. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Rna Polymerase I ◽  
Hormone Stimulation ◽  
Nucleotide Incorporation ◽  
Polymerase I ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Stimulation of the mouse rRNA gene promoter by a distal spacer promoter.

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 4648-4656 ◽  
Author(s):  
M H Paalman ◽  
S L Henderson ◽  
B Sollner-Webb
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Rna Polymerase I ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Transcriptional Terminator ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Polymerase I ◽  
Enhancer Sequences ◽  
Stimulation Of

We show that the mouse ribosomal DNA (rDNA) spacer promoter acts in vivo to stimulate transcription from a downstream rRNA gene promoter. This augmentation of mammalian RNA polymerase I transcription is observed in transient-transfection experiments with three different rodent cell lines, under noncompetitive as well as competitive transcription conditions, over a wide range of template concentrations, whether or not the enhancer repeats alone stimulate or repress expression from the downstream gene promoter. Stimulation of gene promoter transcription by the spacer promoter requires the rDNA enhancer sequences to be present between the spacer promoter and gene promoter and to be oriented as in native rDNA. Stimulation also requires that the spacer promoter be oriented toward the enhancer and gene promoter. However, stimulation does not correlate with transcription from the spacer promoter because the level of stimulation is not altered by either insertion of a functional mouse RNA polymerase I transcriptional terminator between the spacer promoter and enhancer or replacement with a much more active heterologous polymerase I promoter. Further analysis with a series of mutated spacer promoters indicates that the stimulatory activity does not reside in the major promoter domains but requires the central region of the promoter that has been correlated with enhancer responsiveness in vivo.

scholarly journals Transient-State Kinetic Analysis of the RNA Polymerase I Nucleotide Incorporation Mechanism

2015 ◽  
Vol 109 (11) ◽  
pp. 2382-2393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis D. Appling ◽  
Aaron L. Lucius ◽  
David A. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Transient State ◽  
Rna Polymerase I ◽  
Nucleotide Incorporation ◽  
Polymerase I ◽  
State Kinetic

scholarly journals Control of activation of liver RNA polymerase I occurring after re-feeding of protein-depleted mice

1983 ◽  
Vol 210 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Haim ◽  
S Iapalucci-Espinoza ◽  
R Conde ◽  
M T Franze-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rna Polymerase I ◽  
Activated State ◽  
Solubilized Enzyme ◽  
Liver Nuclei ◽  
Inhibitor Of Protein Synthesis ◽  
Polymerase I ◽  
Stimulation Of

Shortly after feeding protein-depleted mice with a meal containing protein, the RNA polymerase I activity in isolated liver nuclei shows a 2-fold increase over the values in the nuclei of either normal or protein-depleted mice. The activity of the RNA polymerase I solubilized from nuclei of re-fed mice was slightly enhanced, probably reflecting an increase in enzyme amount. However, this increase only accounts for about 30% of the stimulation of transcription in the intact nuclei. Administration of pactamycin, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, to normal or protein-depleted mice has almost no inhibitory effect on the RNA polymerase I activity in the isolated nuclei. On the contrary, within 15 min after treatment with the drug, the stimulated activity in nuclei from re-fed mice declines towards the values in normal or protein-depleted mice and then remains constant. The activity of the solubilized enzyme remains slightly elevated for at least 2 1/2 h after re-fed mice are treated with pactamycin. These observations indicate that the stimulation of the RNA polymerase I activity in the intact nuclei after re-feeding is controlled by mechanisms other than an increase in the enzyme amount and suggest the presence of short-lived proteins required for inducing an activated state of transcription.

Stimulation of nuclear RNA polymerase I activity by a soluble factor isolated from young rat liver nuclei

AGE ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Fitzpatrick-Dimond ◽  
John A. Todhunter ◽  
Sameeh S. Elridi
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Rna Polymerase I ◽  
Soluble Factor ◽  
Nuclear Rna ◽  
Liver Nuclei ◽  
Young Rat ◽  
Polymerase I ◽  
Nuclear Rna Polymerase ◽  
Stimulation Of

Sequences within the spacer region of yeast rRNA cistrons that stimulate 35S rRNA synthesis in vivo mediate RNA polymerase I-dependent promoter and terminator activities

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1243-1254
Author(s):  
R Mestel ◽  
M Yip ◽  
J P Holland ◽  
E Wang ◽  
J Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Base Pair ◽  
Rna Polymerase I ◽  
Rrna Synthesis ◽  
Deletion Mapping ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Transcriptional Terminator ◽  
Polymerase I ◽  
Stimulation Of

Sequences within the spacer region of yeast rRNA cistrons stimulate synthesis of the major 35S rRNA precursor in vivo 10- to 30-fold (E. A. Elion and J. R. Warner, Cell 39:663-673, 1984). Spacer sequences that mediate this stimulatory activity are located approximately 2.2 kilobases upstream from sequences that encode the 5' terminus of the 35S rRNA precursor. By utilizing a centromere-containing plasmid carrying a 35S rRNA minigene, a 160-base-pair region of spacer rDNA was identified by deletion mapping that is required for efficient stimulation of 35S rRNA synthesis in vivo. A 22-base-pair sequence, previously shown to support RNA polymerase I-dependent selective initiation of transcription in vitro, was located 15 base pairs upstream from the 3' boundary of the stimulatory region. A 77-base pair region of spacer DNA that mediates transcriptional terminator activity in vivo was identified immediately downstream from the 5' boundary of the stimulatory region. Deletion mutations extending downstream from the 5' boundary of the 160-base-pair stimulatory region simultaneously interfere with terminator activity and stimulation of 35S rRNA synthesis from the minigene. The terminator region supported termination of transcripts initiated by RNA polymerase I in vivo. The organization of sequences that support terminator and promoter activities within the 160-base-pair stimulatory region is similar to the organization of rDNA gene promoters in higher organisms. Possible mechanisms for spacer-sequence-dependent stimulation of yeast 35S rRNA synthesis in vivo are discussed.

scholarly journals Sequences within the spacer region of yeast rRNA cistrons that stimulate 35S rRNA synthesis in vivo mediate RNA polymerase I-dependent promoter and terminator activities.

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1243-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Mestel ◽  
M Yip ◽  
J P Holland ◽  
E Wang ◽  
J Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Base Pair ◽  
Rna Polymerase I ◽  
Rrna Synthesis ◽  
Deletion Mapping ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Transcriptional Terminator ◽  
Polymerase I ◽  
Stimulation Of

Sequences within the spacer region of yeast rRNA cistrons stimulate synthesis of the major 35S rRNA precursor in vivo 10- to 30-fold (E. A. Elion and J. R. Warner, Cell 39:663-673, 1984). Spacer sequences that mediate this stimulatory activity are located approximately 2.2 kilobases upstream from sequences that encode the 5' terminus of the 35S rRNA precursor. By utilizing a centromere-containing plasmid carrying a 35S rRNA minigene, a 160-base-pair region of spacer rDNA was identified by deletion mapping that is required for efficient stimulation of 35S rRNA synthesis in vivo. A 22-base-pair sequence, previously shown to support RNA polymerase I-dependent selective initiation of transcription in vitro, was located 15 base pairs upstream from the 3' boundary of the stimulatory region. A 77-base pair region of spacer DNA that mediates transcriptional terminator activity in vivo was identified immediately downstream from the 5' boundary of the stimulatory region. Deletion mutations extending downstream from the 5' boundary of the 160-base-pair stimulatory region simultaneously interfere with terminator activity and stimulation of 35S rRNA synthesis from the minigene. The terminator region supported termination of transcripts initiated by RNA polymerase I in vivo. The organization of sequences that support terminator and promoter activities within the 160-base-pair stimulatory region is similar to the organization of rDNA gene promoters in higher organisms. Possible mechanisms for spacer-sequence-dependent stimulation of yeast 35S rRNA synthesis in vivo are discussed.

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