Ketosynthases in the Initiation and Elongation Modules of Aromatic Polyketide Synthases Have Orthogonal Acyl Carrier Protein Specificity†

Biochemistry ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (21) ◽  
pp. 6588-6595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Tang ◽  
Taek Soon Lee ◽  
Seiji Kobayashi ◽  
Chaitan Khosla
Keyword(s):  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Polyketide Synthases ◽  
Carrier Protein ◽  
Protein Specificity

Structure of the prolyl-acyl carrier protein oxidase involved in the biosynthesis of the cyanotoxin anatoxin-a

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2340-2352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Moncoq ◽  
Leslie Regad ◽  
Stéphane Mann ◽  
Annick Méjean ◽  
Olivier Ploux
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Accessible Surface Area ◽  
Polyketide Synthases ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Solvent Accessible Surface Area ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Carrier Protein

Anatoxin-a and homoanatoxin-a are two potent cyanobacterial neurotoxins biosynthesized from L-proline by a short pathway involving polyketide synthases. Proline is first loaded onto AnaD, an acyl carrier protein, and prolyl-AnaD is then oxidized to 1-pyrroline-5-carboxyl-AnaD by a flavoprotein, AnaB. Three polyketide synthases then transform this imine into anatoxin-a or homoanatoxin-a. AnaB was crystallized in its holo form and its three-dimensional structure was determined by X-ray diffraction at 2.8 Å resolution. AnaB is a homotetramer and its fold is very similar to that of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (ACADs). The active-site base of AnaB, Glu244, superimposed very well with that of human isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, confirming previous site-directed mutagenesis experiments and mechanistic proposals. The substrate-binding site of AnaB is small and is likely to be fitted for the pyrrolidine ring of proline. However, in contrast to ACADs, which use an electron-transport protein, AnaB uses molecular oxygen as the electron acceptor, as in acyl-CoA oxidases. Calculation of the solvent-accessible surface area around the FAD in AnaB and in several homologues showed that it is significantly larger in AnaB than in its homologues. A protonated histidine near the FAD in AnaB is likely to participate in oxygen activation. Furthermore, an array of water molecules detected in the AnaB structure suggests a possible path for molecular oxygen towards FAD. This is consistent with AnaB being an oxidase rather than a dehydrogenase. The structure of AnaB is the first to be described for a prolyl-ACP oxidase and it will contribute to defining the structural basis responsible for oxygen reactivity in flavoenzymes.

scholarly journals Extender Unit and Acyl Carrier Protein Specificity of Ketosynthase Domains of the 6-Deoxyerythronolide B Synthase

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (9) ◽  
pp. 3067-3074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Y. Chen ◽  
Nathan A. Schnarr ◽  
Chu-Young Kim ◽  
David E. Cane ◽  
Chaitan Khosla
Keyword(s):  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Carrier Protein ◽  
Protein Specificity ◽  
Extender Unit ◽  
Deoxyerythronolide B Synthase

Enzymes Involved in Fatty Acid and Polyketide Biosynthesis inStreptomyces glaucescens:  Role of FabH and FabD and Their Acyl Carrier Protein Specificity†

Biochemistry ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (33) ◽  
pp. 10462-10471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Florova ◽  
Galina Kazanina ◽  
Kevin A. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Carrier Protein ◽  
Polyketide Biosynthesis ◽  
Protein Specificity

scholarly journals Molecular Basis for Acyl Carrier Protein-Ketoreductase Interaction in trans-Acyltransferase Polyketide Synthases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munro Passmore ◽  
Angelo Gallo ◽  
Józef Romuald Lewandowski ◽  
Matthew Jenner
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Polyketide Synthases ◽  
Carrier Protein ◽  
Type I ◽  
Catalytic Domains ◽  
In Trans

The biosynthesis of polyketides by type I modular polyketide synthases (PKS) relies on co-ordinated interactions between acyl carrier protein (ACP) domains and catalytic domains within the megasynthase. Despite the importance...

Synthesis Of Retro Acyl Carrier Protein (74-65) Fragment On A New Glycerol Based Polystyrene Support

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-433
Author(s):  
P. Sasikumar ◽  
K. Kumar ◽  
V. Rajasekharan Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Carrier Protein ◽  
Polystyrene Support
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