Complete Selection of a Self-Assembling Homo- or Hetero-Cavitand Cage via Metal Coordination Based on Ligand Tuning

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (43) ◽  
pp. 13896-13897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Kobayashi ◽  
Yoshifumi Yamada ◽  
Masamichi Yamanaka ◽  
Yoshihisa Sei ◽  
Kentaro Yamaguchi

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 1531-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masamichi Yamanaka ◽  
Yoshifumi Yamada ◽  
Yoshihisa Sei ◽  
Kentaro Yamaguchi ◽  
Kenji Kobayashi


1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco M Raymo ◽  
J Fraser Stoddart


2005 ◽  
pp. 2321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeharu Haino ◽  
Mutsumi Kobayashi ◽  
Midori Chikaraishi ◽  
Yoshimasa Fukazawa


1991 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hagan Bayley ◽  
Musti Krishnasastry ◽  
Barbara Walker ◽  
John Kasianowicz

AbstractA selection of nanoscale membrane pores is being constructed by genetic manipulation of α-hemolysin (αHL), a 33.2 kDa polypeptide secreted by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, which can self-assemble into hexameric cylindrical channels -1 to 2 nm In Internal diameter. Ultimately, the new pores will be used to confer novel permeability properties upon materials such as thin films utilizing, for example, monolayer sheets of the hexamer. Recombinant αHL (r-αHL) has now been obtained in multimilligram amounts and purified to homogeneity after overexpression of the αHL gene in Escherichia coli. The properties of r-αHL are closely similar to those of αHL purified from S. aureus. Recent deletion mutagenesis experiments have given us new insight into the assembly mechanism of the pore. Three intermediates have been identified: a membrane-bound monomer; an oligomeric pore precursor; and the hexameric pore itself. Currently, point mutogenesis combined with chemical modification is being used to produce new pores of different internal diameter, with selectivity for the passage of molecules and Ions, and with gating properties (the ability to open and close in response to a physical stimulus, e.g. an electric field or light).



2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. eaaw3353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martijn van Galen ◽  
Ruben Higler ◽  
Joris Sprakel

Assembling large numbers of molecular building blocks into functional nanostructures is no trivial task. It relies on guiding building blocks through complex energy landscapes shaped by synergistic and antagonistic supramolecular interactions. In nature, the use of molecular templates is a potent strategy to navigate the process to the desired structure with high fidelity. Yet, nature’s templating strategy remains to be fully exploited in man-made nanomaterials. Designing effective template-guided self-assembling systems can only be realized through precise insight into how the chemical design of building blocks and the resulting balance of repulsive and attractive forces give rise to pathway selection and suppression of trapped states. We develop a minimal model to unravel the kinetic pathways and pathway selection of the templated assembly of molecular building blocks on a template. We show how allosteric activation of the associative interactions can suppress undesired solution-aggregation pathways and gives rise to a true template-assembly path.



2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (31) ◽  
pp. 26128-26141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyuan Zhao ◽  
Rong Zhu ◽  
Xiyong Song ◽  
Zheng Ma ◽  
Shengfeng Chen ◽  
...  


Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Larisa I. Karpenko ◽  
Andrey P. Rudometov ◽  
Sergei V. Sharabrin ◽  
Dmitry N. Shcherbakov ◽  
Mariya B. Borgoyakova ◽  
...  

One of the key stages in the development of mRNA vaccines is their delivery. Along with liposome, other materials are being developed for mRNA delivery that can ensure both the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine, and also facilitate its storage and transportation. In this study, we investigated the polyglucin:spermidine conjugate as a carrier of an mRNA-RBD vaccine encoding the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The conditions for the self-assembling of mRNA-PGS complexes were optimized, including the selection of the mRNA:PGS charge ratios. Using dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering it was shown that the most monodisperse suspension of nanoparticles was formed at the mRNA:PGS charge ratio equal to 1:5. The average hydrodynamic particles diameter was determined, and it was confirmed by electron microscopy. The evaluation of the zeta potential of the investigated complexes showed that the particles surface charge was close to the zero point. This may indicate that the positively charged PGS conjugate has completely packed the negatively charged mRNA molecules. It has been shown that the packaging of mRNA-RBD into the PGS envelope leads to increased production of specific antibodies with virus-neutralizing activity in immunized BALB/c mice. Our results showed that the proposed polycationic polyglucin:spermidine conjugate can be considered a promising and safe means to the delivery of mRNA vaccines, in particular mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.



Tetrahedron ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 59 (23) ◽  
pp. 4069-4076 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dukh ◽  
D. Šaman ◽  
J. Kroulı́k ◽  
I. Černý ◽  
V. Pouzar ◽  
...  


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Domenico Iannetti ◽  
Giorgio Vallortigara

Abstract Some of the foundations of Heyes’ radical reasoning seem to be based on a fractional selection of available evidence. Using an ethological perspective, we argue against Heyes’ rapid dismissal of innate cognitive instincts. Heyes’ use of fMRI studies of literacy to claim that culture assembles pieces of mental technology seems an example of incorrect reverse inferences and overlap theories pervasive in cognitive neuroscience.



1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.



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