Genetic toxicology studies of SALATRIM structured triacylglycerols. 1. Lack of mutagenicity in the Salmonella/microsome reverse mutation assay

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnnie R. Hayes ◽  
Edward S. Riccio
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Toxicology ◽  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Structured Triacylglycerols ◽  
Mutation Assay

In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Mutagenicity Evaluation of Dental Leucite Glass-Ceramics from Local High Grade Silica Sand

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 979-984
Author(s):  
Siti Mazatul Azwa Bt Saiyed Mohd Nurddin ◽  
Malek B. Selamat
Keyword(s):  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Mutation Assay

The objective of the study was to determine the degree of biocompatibility of leucite glass-ceramics that have been produced from local high grade silica sand in terms of cytotoxicity and mutagenicity assays. In the present study, the cyctotoxicity and mutagenicity were studied using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay (MTT) and Ames Reverse Mutation. In the MTT assay, a dose response cytotoxicity of leucite sample was evaluated in L929 cells. The cells were treated with the concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.00, 100.00 and 200.00 mg/ml of the leucite sample for 24 hours. The cytotoxicity was determined by assessing the cell viability through the reduction of tetrazolium salts (MTT). The mutagenenicity of leucite sample was evaluated inS. typhiriumTA98. TA100, TA1535, TA1537 andE. coliWP2 in the Ames Reverse Mutation assay. Mutagenic effects were evaluated by comparing the mean number of revertant colonies of each extract concentraction with mean number of revertant colonies of the negative control. In results of MTT assay evaluated that the leucite did not show a cytotoxic effect at all concentrations under the condition of the study. Ames Reverse Mutation assay result proven that the leucite sample did not demonstrate a mutagenic effect under the condition of this study withSalmonella typhimuriumandEscherichia coli.

Comparison of a various modified mutagenicity assay and the standard bacterial reverse mutation assay

2007 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. S168-S169
Author(s):  
Lee Eunmi ◽  
Jo Hyeon ◽  
Moon Hongsik ◽  
Kwak Byongsung
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Mutagenicity Assay ◽  
Mutation Assay

Anti- and pro-mutagenic effects of silymarin in the ames bacterial reverse mutation assay

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1378-1384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampath Kaleeswaran ◽  
Padmanabhan Sriram ◽  
Daivasigamani Prabhu ◽  
Chinnathambi ◽  
Vijayakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
Mutation Assay

Evaluation of the safety of the dietary antioxidant ergothioneine using the bacterial reverse mutation assay

Toxicology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 278 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Schauss ◽  
Adél Vértesi ◽  
John R. Endres ◽  
Gábor Hirka ◽  
Amy Clewell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Mutation Assay

Genetic toxicology studies in SALATRIM structured triacylglycerols. 2. Lack of genetic damage in in vitro mammalian cell assays and the in vivo micronucleus assay

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnnie R. Hayes ◽  
Colette J. Rudd ◽  
Jon C. Mirsalis ◽  
James P. Bakke ◽  
Richard A. Winegar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cell ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Genetic Damage ◽  
Genetic Toxicology ◽  
Cell Assays ◽  
Structured Triacylglycerols

Evaluation of the Genotoxicity of Extracts of Houttuynia cordata Thunb.

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (05) ◽  
pp. 1019-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Keun Kang ◽  
Dae Sik Hah ◽  
Chung Hui Kim ◽  
Euikyung Kim ◽  
Jong Shu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata ◽  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata Thunb ◽  
Mutation Assay

The present study was conducted to evaluate the activity of methanol extracts from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (HC) in a reverse mutation assay in Salmonella typhimurium, and a chromosome aberration assay in the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line and to evaluate its effect on the occurrence of polychromatic erythrocytes in mice. In the reverse mutation assay using Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537 and Escherichia coli WP2urvA-, methanol extracts of HC (5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.62, or 0.312 mg/plate) did not induce reverse mutations in the presence or absence of an S9 metabolic activation mixture. In the chromosome aberration test using CHO cells, methanol extracts (1.25, 2.5 or 5 μg/ml) caused a few incidences of structural and numerical aberrations, in both of absence or presence of an S9 metabolic activation mixture, but in comparison with the positive control group, these incidences were not significantly increased. In the mouse micronucleus test, no significant increases in the occurrence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes were observed in male ICR mice that were orally administered methanol extracts of HC at doses of 2.0, 1.0, or 0.5 g/kg. From these results, we concluded that the methanol extracts of HC did not induce harmful effects on genes in bacteria, a mammalian cell system or in mouse bone marrow cells. Thus, HC's use for health promotion and/or a sick remedy for humans may be safe.

scholarly journals Safety and Toxicological Evaluation of a Novel Citrus Sudachi Extract Powder

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 677
Author(s):  
Debasis Bagchi ◽  
Yasuhiro Shikishima ◽  
Orie Yoshinari ◽  
Yoshiaki Shiojima ◽  
Hiroyoshi Moriyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Mammalian Cell ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Eye Irritation ◽  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Mutation Assay ◽  
Cell Gene

Background: Citrus sudachi, an evergreen tree found primarily in the prefecture of Tokushima, Japan, is a widely used popular citrus fruit used in cooking and also consumed as a juice. Citrus sudachi peels are rich in flavonoids including sudachitin (5,7,4’-trihydroxy-6,8,3’-trimethoxyflavone), and exhibit potent antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-diabetic properties, while several limonoids and their glucosides are found in its seeds. We examined the broad spectrum safety of a novel light yellow to golden yellow Citrus sudachi Extract Powder (organic, nutritive) from the dried fruit rind (25:1 herbs to extract ratio) containing no less than 1% sudachitin in various toxicology models in GLP-approved laboratories.Methods: The acute oral toxicity study was conducted in female Sprague-Dawley rats by up and down procedure. The single dose acute dermal LD50 of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was assessed in both male and female rats. The primary skin irritation toxicity of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was assessed in female New Zealand Albino rabbits to determine the potential for Citrus sudachi Extract Powder to produce irritation after a single topical application, while primary eye irritation index of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was conducted in female New Zealand Albino rabbits. Ames’ bacterial reverse mutation assay was conducted to determine the ability of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder to induce reverse mutation at selected histidine loci in five tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium viz. TA1535, TA97a, TA98, TA100, and TA102 in the presence and absence of a metabolic activation system (S9) at the doses of 5000, 1500, 500, 150 and 50 mg/plate. Mutagenic potential of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was also evaluated in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test using the thymidine kinase gene of L5178 Tk+/- 3.7.2C mouse lymphoma cell line.Results: The acute oral LD50 of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was found to be greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight. The single dose acute dermal LD50 of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was found to be greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight in both male and female rats. In primary skin irritation test, Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was found to be slightly irritating to the skin. The primary dermal irritation index (PDII) calculated for Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was found to be 0.8. In primary eye irritation test, the maximum mean total score (MMTS) of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was found to be 2.7 and thus, Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was classified as minimally irritating to the eye. In both Ames’ bacterial reverse mutation assay and in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test, no mutagenicity was observed.Conclusion: Overall, these toxicological evaluations demonstrate the broad spectrum safety of Citrus sudachi extract powder.Keywords: Citrus sudachi Extract Powder; acute oral toxicity; acute dermal toxicity; primary dermal irritation; primary eye irritation; Ames’ bacterial reverse mutation assay; in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation assay

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