In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Mutagenicity Evaluation of Dental Leucite Glass-Ceramics from Local High Grade Silica Sand

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 979-984
Author(s):  
Siti Mazatul Azwa Bt Saiyed Mohd Nurddin ◽  
Malek B. Selamat
Keyword(s):  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Mutation Assay

The objective of the study was to determine the degree of biocompatibility of leucite glass-ceramics that have been produced from local high grade silica sand in terms of cytotoxicity and mutagenicity assays. In the present study, the cyctotoxicity and mutagenicity were studied using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay (MTT) and Ames Reverse Mutation. In the MTT assay, a dose response cytotoxicity of leucite sample was evaluated in L929 cells. The cells were treated with the concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.00, 100.00 and 200.00 mg/ml of the leucite sample for 24 hours. The cytotoxicity was determined by assessing the cell viability through the reduction of tetrazolium salts (MTT). The mutagenenicity of leucite sample was evaluated inS. typhiriumTA98. TA100, TA1535, TA1537 andE. coliWP2 in the Ames Reverse Mutation assay. Mutagenic effects were evaluated by comparing the mean number of revertant colonies of each extract concentraction with mean number of revertant colonies of the negative control. In results of MTT assay evaluated that the leucite did not show a cytotoxic effect at all concentrations under the condition of the study. Ames Reverse Mutation assay result proven that the leucite sample did not demonstrate a mutagenic effect under the condition of this study withSalmonella typhimuriumandEscherichia coli.

scholarly journals Pre-clinical test of dental leucite glass-ceramics from local high grade silica sand: an in vitro study (cytotoxicity and genotoxicity)

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Mazatul Azwa Saiyed Mohd Nurddin ◽  
Malek Selamat
Keyword(s):  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Mutation Assay

The need for biocompatible  of dental materials for use in restorative dentistry has generated a requirement for cytotoxicity and mutagenicity assays to screen compounds and characterize the potentially harmful effects of a material to oral tissues prior to clinical use.  The objective of the study was to determine the degree of biocompatibility of leusite glass-ceramics that have been produced from local high grade silica sand in terms of cytotoxicity and mutagenicity assays.  In the present study,   the cyctotoxicity and mutagenicity were studied using the MTT and Ames Reverse Mutation.  In the MTT assay, a dose response cytotoxicity of leucite sample was evaluated in L929 cells.  The cells were treated with the concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.00, 100.00 and 200.00 mg/ml of the leucite sample for 24 hours.  The cytotoxicity was determined by assessing the cell viability through the reduction of tetrazolium salts (MTT).  The mutagenenicity of leucite sample was evaluated in S. typhirium TA98. TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and E. coli WP2 in the Ames Reverse Mutation assay.  Mutagenic effects were evaluated by comparing the mean number of revertant colonies of each extract concentraction with mean number of revertant colonies of the negative control.  In results of MTT assay evaluated that the leucite did not show a cytotoxic effect at all concentrations under the condition of the study.  Ames Reverse Mutation assay result proven that the leucite sample did not demonstrate a mutagenic effect under the condition of this study with Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. 

scholarly journals An in vitro genotoxicity study of silver amalgam on Ames test

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram Hassan ◽  
S.A Omar ◽  
Zaihan Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Ames Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Silver Amalgam ◽  
Mutation Assay ◽  
In Vitro Genotoxicity

Silver amalgam/Silverfil Argentum® is a ‘Malaysian made amalgam’ has already been approved to be free from cytotoxicity, however its genotoxic effect has not been explored yet as biocompatible material. The objective of this study was to identify the genotoxic characteristic of silver amalgam by using Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (Ames test). This was a descriptive experimental study involving one strain of mutated Salmonella. The test material was evaluated in one mutated strain of Salmonella typhimurium TA1538 with and without an external metabolic activation system (S9 Mix). The bacteria were incubated for 48 hours at 37±0.5ºC before the colony growth or revertant colonies were counted. Data obtained were analyzed by using non-statistical method. The investigation of the genotoxic reaction on the test material revealed thatthe number of revertant colonies in both strains with and without S9 Mix were less than twice of the negative control even in the presence of high silver amalgam concentrations (5.0μg/ml). This study demonstratedthat the test material did not exhibit any mutagenic activity under the chosen conditions. Thus, silver amalgam could be considered to have no genotoxicity effect.

scholarly journals Safety and Toxicological Evaluation of a Novel Citrus Sudachi Extract Powder

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 677
Author(s):  
Debasis Bagchi ◽  
Yasuhiro Shikishima ◽  
Orie Yoshinari ◽  
Yoshiaki Shiojima ◽  
Hiroyoshi Moriyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Mammalian Cell ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Eye Irritation ◽  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Mutation Assay ◽  
Cell Gene

Background: Citrus sudachi, an evergreen tree found primarily in the prefecture of Tokushima, Japan, is a widely used popular citrus fruit used in cooking and also consumed as a juice. Citrus sudachi peels are rich in flavonoids including sudachitin (5,7,4’-trihydroxy-6,8,3’-trimethoxyflavone), and exhibit potent antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-diabetic properties, while several limonoids and their glucosides are found in its seeds. We examined the broad spectrum safety of a novel light yellow to golden yellow Citrus sudachi Extract Powder (organic, nutritive) from the dried fruit rind (25:1 herbs to extract ratio) containing no less than 1% sudachitin in various toxicology models in GLP-approved laboratories.Methods: The acute oral toxicity study was conducted in female Sprague-Dawley rats by up and down procedure. The single dose acute dermal LD50 of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was assessed in both male and female rats. The primary skin irritation toxicity of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was assessed in female New Zealand Albino rabbits to determine the potential for Citrus sudachi Extract Powder to produce irritation after a single topical application, while primary eye irritation index of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was conducted in female New Zealand Albino rabbits. Ames’ bacterial reverse mutation assay was conducted to determine the ability of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder to induce reverse mutation at selected histidine loci in five tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium viz. TA1535, TA97a, TA98, TA100, and TA102 in the presence and absence of a metabolic activation system (S9) at the doses of 5000, 1500, 500, 150 and 50 mg/plate. Mutagenic potential of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was also evaluated in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test using the thymidine kinase gene of L5178 Tk+/- 3.7.2C mouse lymphoma cell line.Results: The acute oral LD50 of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was found to be greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight. The single dose acute dermal LD50 of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was found to be greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight in both male and female rats. In primary skin irritation test, Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was found to be slightly irritating to the skin. The primary dermal irritation index (PDII) calculated for Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was found to be 0.8. In primary eye irritation test, the maximum mean total score (MMTS) of Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was found to be 2.7 and thus, Citrus sudachi Extract Powder was classified as minimally irritating to the eye. In both Ames’ bacterial reverse mutation assay and in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test, no mutagenicity was observed.Conclusion: Overall, these toxicological evaluations demonstrate the broad spectrum safety of Citrus sudachi extract powder.Keywords: Citrus sudachi Extract Powder; acute oral toxicity; acute dermal toxicity; primary dermal irritation; primary eye irritation; Ames’ bacterial reverse mutation assay; in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation assay

scholarly journals Genotoxicity of triiodothyronine: Effects on Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and human lymphocytes in vitro

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-397
Author(s):  
Jasna Bosnjak-Neumüller ◽  
Ninoslav Djelic ◽  
Milena Radakovic ◽  
Stoimir Kolarevic ◽  
Dragana Mitic-Culafic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Ames Test ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
Mutation Assay

There is increasing evidence that substances which are normally present in human or animal bodies may, under the certain circumstances, exhibit deleterious effects on genetic material, therefore acting as endogenous mutagenic agents. Since hormones represent one of the best studied endogenous mutagens, some research focused on the possible role of thyroid hormone in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Indeed, thyroid hormones accelerate aerobic metabolism and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, therefore, may exhibit mutagenic effects in various test systems on mammalian cells. However, possible mutagenic effects on prokaryotic DNA has not been investigated so far. Hence, the aim of this research was to compare the sensitivity of TA 100 Salmonella typhimurium with and without metabolic activation with S9 fraction, and human lymphocytes to possible genotoxic effects of triiodothyronine (T3). Therefore, we used the reverse mutation assay on S. typhimurium (Ames test) and in vitro Comet assay in isolated peripheral blood human lymphocytes. In both tests-systems a broad spectrum of T3 concentrations was applied. The obtained results showed absence of genotoxic effects of T3 in bacterial reverse mutation assay and very profound genotoxic effects in human lymphocytes at concentrations higher than 15 ?M. We only observed cytotoxic effects in bacterial system at very high T3 concentrations (300 and 500 ?M). In conclusion, T3 was unable to increase the level of reverse mutations in Ames test both with and without S9 mix. Therefore, it seems that ROS production in mitochondria may be the primary cause of DNA damage caused by T3 in mammalian cells.

scholarly journals In vitro study of dentin hypersensitivity treated by whitlockite glass-ceramics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Juraski
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
Human Teeth

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of a bioactive glass based on the 3CaO.P2O5-SiO2MgO-system and its glassceramics containing whitlockite on the remineralization of dentin as a possible treatment to dentin hypersensitivity. For that, 40 third molar human teeth were artificially demineralized and randomly distributed in 4 groups (n = 10): G1 - Negative Control (no treatment), G2 - Positive Control (treated by Bioglass® 45S5), G3 – BG (treated by bioactive glass based on 3CaO.P2O5-SiO2-MgOsystem), and G4 – BGC (treated by bioactive whitlockite glass-ceramics). After treatment, the samples were emerged in artificial saliva and stored for 7 days in a controlled temperature of 37ºC. After that, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to evaluate samples morphology. The analysis confirmed the formation of hydroxyapatite on the surface of all the biomaterials studied, that in the dentine specimens treated by bioactive glass and whitlockite glas-ceramic most of the dentinal tubules were completely occluded.

scholarly journals Genotoxicity Assessment of Multispecies Probiotics Using Reverse Mutation, Mammalian Chromosomal Aberration, and Rodent Micronucleus Tests

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Jen Chiu ◽  
Mun-Kit Nam ◽  
Yueh-Ting Tsai ◽  
Chun-Chi Huang ◽  
Cheng-Chih Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Micronucleus Tests

Genotoxicity assessment is carried out on freeze dried powder of cultured probiotics containingLactobacillus rhamnosusLCR177,Bifidobacterium adolescentisBA286, andPediococcus acidilacticiPA318. Ames tests,in vitromammalian chromosome aberration assay, and micronucleus tests in mouse peripheral blood are performed. For 5 strains ofSalmonellaTyphimurium, the Ames tests show no increased reverse mutation upon exposure to the test substance. In CHO cells, the frequency of chromosome aberration does not increase in responding to the treatment of probiotics. Likewise, the frequency of micronucleated reticulocytes in probiotics-fed mice is indistinguishable from that in the negative control group. Taken together, the toxicity assessment studies suggest that the multispecies probiotic mixture does not have mutagenic effects on various organisms.

scholarly journals In-vitro sperm immobilization activity and biocompatibility study of NVD terpolymer

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1221
Author(s):  
Sachin Gupta ◽  
Ruchi Yadav ◽  
Mayank Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Vaginal Fluid ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Biocompatibility Study

Background: Boronate derivatives have been used in affinity chromatography for separation of cells based on their glycoprotein content. Boronate containing polymers when used intravaginally before sexual intercourse could bind to the glycoproteins present on sperm cell surface and render them immobile, which potentially may work as female-controlled contraceptive. To study this hypothesis NVD terpolymer which contains boronic acid was studied on goat sperm and its biocompatibility was accessed on NIH3T3 fibroblast.Methods: Sperm motility study was carried out on goat sperm cells. The study was divided into two groups, test group (NVD terpolymer in simulated vaginal fluid) and negative control (simulated vaginal fluid only) performed using Sander-crammer assay. In the test group, the study was started from 0.1 % of the polymer solution, until the half of the sperms became non-motile as compared to normal control. The biocompatibility study was performed by culturing the NIH3T3 fibroblast with different concentrations of NVD polymer, followed by cell viability assay by performing 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay at 6, 12 and 24 hour spectrophotometrically.Results: Sander-crammer assay resulted in significant (P-value < 0.05) decrease in motile sperm count in test group when compared to control. At 7.5 % concentration, the half of the sperms rendered immobile, and this was termed as effective concentration 50 (EC50). In-vitro biocompatibility study using NIH3T3 fibroblasts culture and MTT assay with cultured cells at 6, 12 and 24 hour, revealed that the polymer is biologically compatible as there were no significant change (P-value < 0.05) in the absorbance.Conclusions: Boronate containing polymer, such as NVD terpolymer has in-vitro sperm immobilizing activity in goat sperm model, with further research in this area could yield a potential female control contraceptive agent.

The Thermochemotherapy Effect of Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia Combined with As2O3 on GLC-82 Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 562-565 ◽  
pp. 594-600
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Xin Xin Hou ◽  
Mei Lin ◽  
Hai Yan Ni ◽  
Chen Yan Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Magnetic Fluid ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticle ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Therapeutic Effects

AIM: To study the preparation and characterization of the Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 (MZF) magnetic nanoparticles and the antitumor function of MZF nanomagnetic fluid hyperthermia (NMFH) combined with As2O3 on GLC-82 cells.METHODS: The MZF magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by the method of chemical coprecipitation.,which were detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). In vitro heating test of MZF magnetic fluid in an alternating magnetic field (AMF) was carried out. After that, we studied the therapeutic effects on cultured GLC-82 cells treated by thermochemotherapy of NMFH combined with As2O3 at various concentrations (2,5,8μM) were evaluated by MTT assay and flow cytometry assay (FCM).RESULTS: The MZF magnetic nanoparticles were prepared successfully. Their shapes are approximately global and their diameters are about 30 nm. EDS showed MZF magnetic nanoparticle contained Mn, Zn, Fe elements. The corresponding fluid of MZF magnetic nanoparticle could rise to 40~50°C due to different concentration in a AMF and keep stable from then on. MTT assay and FCM revealed that the thermochemotherapy effect of the MZF magnetic nanoparticles combined with As2O3 can cause significantly inhibit cellular growth observed by MTT test assay and obviously induce cellular apoptosis by FCM detecting (p<0.05). The apoptotic indexes of GLC-82 cells of the pure As2O3 group,pure MZF magnetic nanoparticles hyperthermia group and thermochemotherapy of NMFH combined with As2O3 group were 4.98%,16.30%,22.53%,respectively,while the apoptotic index of the negative control group was 0.56%.CONCLUSION: The MZF magnetic nanoparticles successfully were prepared through improved co-precipitation process and have good power absorption capabilities in the high frequency AMF, then they can rise to a steady temperature. MZF magnetic nanoparticles have hyperthermia effects on tumor and their antitumor effect significantly increase when combined with As2O3.

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