Pattern Formation in the Methylene-Blue−Glucose System

2000 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 2251-2259 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Pons ◽  
F. Sagués ◽  
M. A. Bees ◽  
P. Graae Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Glucose System

Pattern Formation in the Methylene Blue-Fructose-Oxygen System in Aqueous Solution and in Gel Systems

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1394-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľubica Adamčíková ◽  
Mária Hupková ◽  
Peter Ševčík
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Initial Reactant ◽  
Nonlinear Reaction ◽  
Oxygen System ◽  
Hydrodynamic Processes ◽  
Liquid Layer Thickness ◽  
Catalyzed Oxidation

Spatial patterns in methylene blue-catalyzed oxidation of fructose at alkaline pH were found in aqueous solution and in gel systems. In a thin liquid layer (thickness >2.4 mm) a mixture of spots and stripes was formed by interaction of a nonlinear reaction and the Rayleigh or Maragoni instabilities. The pattern formation was affected by initial reactant concentrations and by the thickness of the reaction mixture layer. Long-lasting structures were formed in gel systems (polyacrylamide, agar, gelatin). These patterns also arise primarily from hydrodynamic processes.

scholarly journals Complex Pattern Formation in the Polyacrylamide−Methylene Blue−Oxygen Reaction

1999 ◽  
Vol 103 (18) ◽  
pp. 3442-3446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Steinbock ◽  
Eric Kasper ◽  
Stefan C. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Complex Pattern ◽  
Oxygen Reaction

Quantitative Analysis of Chemoconvection Patterns in the Methylene-Blue−Glucose System

2002 ◽  
Vol 106 (29) ◽  
pp. 7252-7259 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Pons ◽  
F. Sagués ◽  
M. A. Bees ◽  
P. G. Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Glucose System

The Blue Bottle Experiment and Pattern Formation in this System

1997 ◽  
Vol 52 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 650-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
L’. Adamčíková ◽  
P. Ševčík
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Induction Period ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Open Petri Dish

Abstract The methylene blue - saccharide - NaOH system, the so-called “Blue Bottle” experiment was investigated. When this system is poured into an open petri dish, spatial structures start to generate after an induction period. The induction period increases in the order of xylose < glucose < galactose < arabinose < mannose.

scholarly journals THE ROÔLE OF CARBOHYDRATES IN BIOLOGICAL OXIDATIONS AND REDUCTIONS. EXPERIMENTS WITH PNEUMOCOCCUS

1929 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Dubos
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Thiol Compounds ◽  
Reduction Potentials ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Glucose System ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
Reduction Scale

The reducing power of plain broth cultures of Pneumococcus is largely dependent upon the presence in the medium at the time when the reduction test is performed of certain metabolites. The washed cells of Pneumococcus are able to reduce the various indicators of oxidation-reduction potentials in the presence of glucose. The relative velocity of reduction of these indicators is determined by the number of cells used in the test, the concentration of the dyes, and their position in the oxidation reduction scale. Oxidized thiol compounds (glutathione, cystine, oxidized thioglycollic acid) are likewise rapidly reduced by glucose in the presence of washed cells of Pneumococcus. This Pneumococcus-glucose system is able to form peroxide under aerobic conditions. Those substances which form peroxide in the presence of Pneumococcus cells are also the ones which Cole found to be active in changing hemoglobin into methemoglobin under the same conditions. The power of washed cells of Pneumococcus to reduce methylene blue in the presence of glucose is dependent on at least 2 constituents: one which can be readily removed from the cell by washing. Sugar-free meat infusion will function instead of it. The other is inactivated more slowly by the process of washing and is destroyed by 10 minutes heating at 55°C. The interreaction between the glucose and the cell seems to result in a fundamental reaction in which one molecule of glucose becomes able to reduce rapidly one molecule of methylene blue. The existence of side-reactions often obscures this ratio. The significance of these observations is considered in relation to the nature and mechanism of the "activation" of metabolites, the preparation of synthetic media, the phenomena of growth, and the meaning of the expression "reducing power of a bacterial culture."

A SEM and Light Microscope Study of the Epidermal Leaf Structures of the Carnivorous Plant, Sarracenia purpurea, L.

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 358-359
Author(s):  
B. J. Panessa ◽  
J. F. Gennaro
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Microscope Study ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Carnivorous Plant ◽  
Sarracenia Purpurea ◽  
Inner Surface

Tissue from the hood and sarcophagus regions were fixed in 6% glutaraldehyde in 1 M.cacodylate buffer and washed in buffer. Tissue for SEM was partially dried, attached to aluminium targets with silver conducting paint, carbon-gold coated(100-500Å), and examined in a Kent Cambridge Stereoscan S4. Tissue for the light microscope was post fixed in 1% aqueous OsO4, dehydrated in acetone (4°C), embedded in Epon 812 and sectioned at ½u on a Sorvall MT 2 ultramicrotome. Cross and longitudinal sections were cut and stained with PAS, 0.5% toluidine blue and 1% azure II-methylene blue. Measurements were made from both SEM and Light micrographs.The tissue had two structurally distinct surfaces, an outer surface with small (225-500 µ) pubescent hairs (12/mm2), numerous stoma (77/mm2), and nectar glands(8/mm2); and an inner surface with large (784-1000 µ)stiff hairs(4/mm2), fewer stoma (46/mm2) and larger, more complex glands(16/mm2), presumably of a digestive nature.

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