Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Reduce Development of Pea Root-rot caused by Aphanomyces euteiches using Oospores as Pathogen Inoculum

Plant health is recognised as a key element to ensure global food security. While plant breeding has substantially improved crop resistance against individual pathogens, it showed limited success for diseases caused by the interaction of multiple pathogens such as root rot in pea (Pisum sativum L.). To untangle the causal agents of the pea root rot complex and determine the role of the plant genotype in shaping its own detrimental or beneficial microbiome, fungal and oomycete root rot pathogens, as well as previously identified beneficials, i.e., arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Clonostachys rosea, were qPCR quantified in diseased roots of eight differently resistant pea genotypes grown in four agricultural soils under controlled conditions. We found that soil and pea genotype significantly determined the microbial compositions in diseased pea roots. Despite significant genotype x soil interactions and distinct soil-dependent pathogen complexes, our data revealed key microbial taxa that were associated with plant fitness. Our study indicates the potential of fungal and oomycete markers for plant health and serves as a precedent for other complex plant pathosystems. Such microbial markers can be used to complement plant phenotype- and genotype-based selection strategies to improve disease resistance in one of the world’s most important pulse crops of the world.

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Interactions between indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Aphanomyces euteiches in field-grown pea

Mycorrhiza ◽

10.1007/s00572-001-0139-4 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 7-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Lars Bødker ◽

Rasmus Kjøller ◽

Kristian Kristensen ◽

Søren Rosendahl

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Aphanomyces Euteiches

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Aphanomyces euteiches. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria ◽

10.1079/dfb/20056400600 ◽

1978 ◽

Author(s):

D. J. Stamps

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Geographical Distribution ◽

Root Rot ◽

Aphanomyces Euteiches ◽

Conifer Seedlings ◽

Alternative Hosts ◽

Pea Root ◽

Pea Root Rot ◽

Sweet Pea

Abstract A description is provided for Aphanomyces euteiches. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pea, Arabis, pansy, sweet pea, clover, bean, lupin, vetch, lucerne, Melilotus, barley, oats, Echinodorus brevipedicellatus. Conifer seedlings and other hosts were infected by inoculation. DISEASE: Root rot of pea. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (Japan); Australia (Tasmania); Europe (UK, Denmark, France, Norway, Sweden, USSR); N. America (USA). (CMI Map 78, ed. 3, 1977). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne, persisting in the soil for many years. Studies in Wisconsin suggested that A. euteiches may live as a weak parasite in the roots of many plants and occur naturally in some virgin soils (6, 523). Oospores were indicated to be the primary inocula for new outbreaks of pea root rot, zoospores the primary infective agents (39, 646). Survival between pea crops depended on oospore durability and possible alternative hosts, not saprophytic activity (41, 689). Studies were made of population dynamics in the soil (48, 2067) and penetration and infection of roots by zoospores (42, 287).

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Causal Agents of Root Rot and the Effect of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Seedlings of Rhodiola rosea in Alberta, Canada

Plant Pathology Journal ◽

10.3923/ppj.2009.120.126 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 120-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S.F. Hwang ◽

H.U. Ahmed ◽

K. Ampong-Nya ◽

S.E. Strelkov ◽

R.J. Howard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Root Rot ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Rhodiola Rosea ◽

Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Vesicular Arbuscular

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Concentration- and Time-Dependent Effects of Isothiocyanates Produced from Brassicaceae Shoot Tissues on the Pea Root Rot Pathogen Aphanomyces euteiches

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/jf501776c ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 62 (20) ◽

pp. 4584-4591 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Shakhawat Hossain ◽

Göran Bergkvist ◽

Kerstin Berglund ◽

Robert Glinwood ◽

Patrick Kabouw ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Aphanomyces Euteiches ◽

Pea Root ◽

Pea Root Rot

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Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Sodium Chloride on Fusarium Root Rot and Antioxidative Abilities in Asparagus Plants

Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.2503/jjshs1.81.257 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 81 (3) ◽

pp. 257-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tomohiro Okada ◽

Yoh-ichi Matsubara

Keyword(s):

Sodium Chloride ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Root Rot ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Fusarium Root Rot

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488 Effect of Oat Extract on Pea Root Rot Pathogen Aphanomyces euteiches

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.34.3.529b ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 529B-529

Author(s):

M.A. Chandler ◽

V.A. Fritz ◽

F.L. Pfleger ◽

R.R. Allmaras

Keyword(s):

Spore Germination ◽

Root Rot ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Great Lakes Region ◽

Aphanomyces Euteiches ◽

Causal Organism ◽

Economic Threat ◽

Pea Root ◽

Germination And Growth ◽

Pea Root Rot

Pea root rot is a serious economic threat to pea production in the Great Lakes region. The primary causal organism is Aphanomyces euteiches Drechs., which is responsible for an estimated 10% annual crop loss. A fall oat (Avena sativa) rotation before spring pea planting reduces disease severity. To better understand the beneficial effect of oat on A. euteiches, isolated individual pathogen lifecycle stages of zoospores, mycelium, and oospores were treated in culture with oat extract. Resulting mycelial mats were dried and weighed. Treatment with 90%, 70%, 50%, and 30% oat extract resulted in significant spore germination and mycelial growth of A. euteiches. In the presence of nutrient solution, oat extract concentrations of 90%, 70%, 50%, and 30% significantly enhanced spore germination and mycelial growth of the pathogen. These results demonstrate that the use of oat extract results in dosage dependent germination and growth of A. euteiches.

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