Effects of Deafferentation on the Size and Myosin Phenotype of Muscle Fibers on Stretching of the Rat Soleus Muscle in Conditions of Gravitational Unloading

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 755-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Nemirovskaya ◽  
B. S. Shenkman ◽  
A. M. Mukhina ◽  
Ya. Yu. Volodkovich ◽  
M. M. Sayapina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Gravitational Unloading ◽  
Rat Soleus Muscle

Distribution of myosin heavy chain isoforms in non-weight-bearing rat soleus muscle fibers

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 2540-2546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Talmadge ◽  
Roland R. Roy ◽  
V. Reggie Edgerton
Keyword(s):  
Myosin Heavy Chain ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Myosin Heavy Chain Isoforms ◽  
Hindlimb Suspension ◽  
Type I ◽  
Rat Soleus Muscle

Talmadge, Robert J., Roland R. Roy, and V. Reggie Edgerton.Distribution of myosin heavy chain isoforms in non-weight-bearing rat soleus muscle fibers. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(6): 2540–2546, 1996.—The effects of 14 days of spaceflight (SF) or hindlimb suspension (HS) (Cosmos 2044) on myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform content of the rat soleus muscle and single muscle fibers were determined. On the basis of electrophoretic analyses, there was a de novo synthesis of type IIx MHC but no change in either type I or IIa MHC isoform proportions after either SF or HS compared with controls. The percentage of fibers containing only type I MHC decreased by 26 and 23%, and the percentage of fibers with multiple MHCs increased from 6% in controls to 32% in HS and 34% in SF rats. Type IIx MHC was always found in combination with another MHC or combination of MHCs; i.e., no fibers contained type IIx MHC exclusively. These data suggest that the expression of the normal complement of MHC isoforms in the adult rat soleus muscle is dependent, in part, on normal weight bearing and that the absence of weight bearing induces a shift toward type IIx MHC protein expression in the preexisting type I and IIa fibers of the soleus.

scholarly journals Formation of Unique Vacuoles in Tenotomized Rat Soleus Muscle Fibers.

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsayed A. ABOU SALEM ◽  
Noboru FUJIMAKI ◽  
Harunori ISHIKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Rat Soleus Muscle

scholarly journals NONUNIFORM CHANGE IN RAT SOLEUS MUSCLE FIBERS AFTER HINDLIMB SUSPENSION

1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
TADASHI OKUMOTO ◽  
AYAKO SAITOH ◽  
HAJIME OHMORI ◽  
SHIGERU KATSUTA
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Hindlimb Suspension ◽  
Rat Soleus Muscle

Size and metabolic properties of single muscle fibers in rat soleus after hindlimb suspension

1987 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 2338-2347 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. Hauschka ◽  
R. R. Roy ◽  
V. R. Edgerton
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Myosin Atpase ◽  
Hindlimb Suspension ◽  
Lengthening Contractions ◽  
Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Rat Soleus Muscle ◽  
Metabolic Properties ◽  
Fast Twitch

The effects of 28 days of hindlimb suspension (HS) and HS plus 10 daily forceful lengthening contractions on rat soleus muscle fibers were studied. Compared with age-matched controls (CON), soleus wet weights of suspended rats were significantly decreased (approximately 49%). In HS rats, the light adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) fibers (staining lightly for myosin ATPase, pH = 8.8) atrophied more than the dark ATPase fibers (staining darkly for myosin ATPase, pH = 8.8). Single-fiber alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities and the proportion of dark ATPase fibers were higher in HS than CON rats. Daily forceful lengthening contractions did not prevent the suspension-induced changes. These results considered in conjunction with a collaborative study on the mechanical properties of HS rats (Roy et al., accompanying paper) suggest a shift in the contractile potential of the muscle following HS without a deficit in SDH, a metabolic property commonly associated with resistance to fatigue. The results support the view that soleus muscle fibers can change from a slow-twitch oxidative to a fast-twitch oxidative-glycolytic profile, but rarely to a fast-twitch glycolytic one, and that SDH and GPD activity per volume of tissue can be maintained or increased even when there are severe losses of contractile proteins.

Spatial distribution of the transverse stiffness of relaxed and activated rat soleus muscle fibers

BIOPHYSICS ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 604-607
Author(s):  
I. V. Ogneva ◽  
D. V. Lebedev ◽  
V. V. Isaev-Ivanov ◽  
B. S. Shenkman
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Transverse Stiffness ◽  
Rat Soleus Muscle

Trophic action of sphingosine 1-phosphate in denervated rat soleus muscle

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (1) ◽  
pp. C36-C46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Zanin ◽  
Elena Germinario ◽  
Luciano Dalla Libera ◽  
Dorianna Sandonà ◽  
Roger A. Sabbadini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Denervation Atrophy ◽  
Trophic Effect ◽  
S1p Receptors ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Rat Soleus Muscle ◽  
Trophic Action

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) mediates a number of cellular responses, including growth and proliferation. Skeletal muscle possesses the full enzymatic machinery to generate S1P and expresses the transcripts of S1P receptors. The aim of this work was to localize S1P receptors in rat skeletal muscle and to investigate whether S1P exerts a trophic action on muscle fibers. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses demonstrated the expression of S1P1 and S1P3 receptors by soleus muscle. Immunofluorescence revealed that S1P1 and S1P3 receptors are localized at the cell membrane of muscle fibers and in the T-tubule membranes. The receptors also decorate the nuclear membrane. S1P1 receptors were also present at the neuromuscular junction. The possible trophic action of S1P was investigated by utilizing the denervation atrophy model. Rat soleus muscle was analyzed 7 and 14 days after motor nerve cut. During denervation, S1P was continuously delivered to the muscle through a mini osmotic pump. S1P and its precursor, sphingosine (Sph), significantly attenuated the progress of denervation-induced muscle atrophy. The trophic effect of Sph was prevented by N, N-dimethylsphingosine, an inhibitor of Sph kinase, the enzyme that converts Sph into S1P. Neutralization of circulating S1P by a specific antibody further demonstrated that S1P was responsible for the trophic effects of S1P during denervation atrophy. Denervation produced the down regulation of S1P1 and S1P3 receptors, regardless of the presence of the receptor agonist. In conclusion, the results suggest that S1P acts as a trophic factor of skeletal muscle.

Role(s) of gravitational loading during developing period on the growth of rat soleus muscle fibers

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 676-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuminori Kawano ◽  
Katsumasa Goto ◽  
Xiao Dong Wang ◽  
Masahiro Terada ◽  
Takashi Ohira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Type I ◽  
Tension Development ◽  
Contraction Speed ◽  
Gravitational Loading ◽  
Maximal Tension ◽  
Fiber Size ◽  
Rat Soleus Muscle

Effects of gravitational loading or unloading on the gain of the characteristics in soleus muscle fibers were studied in rats. The tail suspension was performed in newborn rats from postnatal day 4 to month 3, and the reloading was allowed for 3 mo in some rats. Single expression of type I myosin heavy chain (MHC) was observed in ∼82% of fibers in 3-mo-old controls, but the fibers expressing multiple MHC isoforms were noted in the unloaded rats. Although 97% of fibers in 3-mo-old controls had a single neuromuscular junction at the central region of fiber, fibers with multiple nerve endplates were seen in the unloaded group. Faster contraction speed and lower maximal tension development, even after normalization with fiber size, were observed in the unloaded pure type I MHC fibers. These parameters generally returned to the age-matched control levels after reloading. It was suggested that antigravity-related tonic activity plays an important role in the gain of single neural innervation and of slow contractile properties and phenotype in soleus muscle fibers.

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