Assessing the Flynn Effect in the Wechsler Scales

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Beaujean ◽  
Yanyan Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Flynn Effect ◽  
Technical Manual ◽  
Primary Scale ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Future Direction

The current study examined the Flynn Effect (i.e., the increase in IQ scores over time) across all editions of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI). By reverse engineering the correlation and scale score transformations from each Wechsler edition’s technical manual, we made a mean and covariance matrix using the subtests and age groups that were in common for all editions of a given instrument. The results indicated that when aggregated, there was a FE of 0.44 IQ points/year. This Wechsler instrument used, however, moderates the FE, with the WISC showing the largest FE (0.73 IQ points/year) and the WAIS showing a smallest FE (0.30 IQ points/year). Moreover, this study found that the amount of invariant indicators across instruments and age groups varied substantially, ranging from 51.53% in the WISC for the 7-year-old group to 10.00% in the WPPSI for the 5- and 5.5-year-old age groups. Last, we discuss future direction for FE research based on these results.

More Practice Effect Tables for More Effective Practice: Practitioner's Guide to Evaluating Change with Intellectual Assessment Instruments, R.J. McCaffrey, K. Duff, and H.J. Westervelt (Eds.). 2001. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum. 280 pp., $69.95 (PB).

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 870-870
Author(s):  
Muriel D. Lezak
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Practice Effect ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
The North ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
Raven's Progressive Matrices ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Clinicians owe a debt of gratitude to McCaffrey and his team for developing not just one (McCaffrey et al., 2000) but now a second set of tables providing an extensive compilation of test–retest data for tests commonly used in neuropsychological assessment. The newest Practitioner's Guide presents the retest findings for all four versions of the adult Wechsler Intelligence Scale [Wechsler-Bellevue, the original Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), and its variants: WAIS–R, WAIS–III, WAIS–RNI], plus the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) with its variants (WISC–R, WISC–III) and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence. For each of Wechsler's batteries this guide provides retest data for the scores in common use (e.g., IQ, VIQ, PIQ, each individual test, and WAIS–III index scores). In addition retest findings are given for the North American Reading Test, Raven's Progressive Matrices, Shipley-Hartford Institute of Living Scale, and for 13 Stanford-Binet studies (form L-M, judging from study dates; all but five are IQ scores).

Common Short Forms of the Spanish Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

1997 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 1121-1122
Author(s):  
Yvonne I. Demsky ◽  
Carlton S. Gass ◽  
Charles J. Golden
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Short Forms ◽  
Picture Arrangement ◽  
Test Version ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Although the Escala de Inteligencia Wechsler (EIWA) has remained the only standard Spanish version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and is consequently the most often-used intelligence test with Spanish-speaking clients, little information exists on the psychometric properties of the test beyond the information in the test manual (Wechsler, 1968). There is no information on the validity or reliability of commonly used short forms of the test, the two-test version using Block Design and Vocabulary, and the four-test version using Block Design, Vocabulary, Arithmetic, and Picture Arrangement. Using the statistical data in the test manual, the two-test version yielded reliabilities of .94 to .95 across the three standardization age groups and validity ratings of .92 to .93. Values for the four-test version were slightly higher, and all were comparable to those for the WAIS and WAIS–R. The results suggest that the short forms can be used with the same confidence with the Spanish WAIS as on the WAIS.

Comparison of the WAIS and WAIS-R at Different Ages in a Clinical Population

1984 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 951-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan L. Rogers ◽  
David Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Performances on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and the WAIS-Revised (WAIS-R) were compared between groups at different ages. We studied 176 subjects (primarily outpatients) who were referred for assessment of cognitive function. Although all age groups tended to obtain lower scores on the WAIS-R, older subjects were penalized more on Performance and Full Scale IQs when the revised form was used. However, interactions suggest that differences in the scores on the WAIS and WAIS-R in a clinical population may reflect an interaction among age, presenting complaint, and other factors.

Retest Reliability of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised for 18- to 19-Year-Olds

1996 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Carvajal ◽  
Matthew S. Schrader ◽  
Cooper B. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Two Age Groups

Retest reliability of the WAIS-R for 18- to 19-yr.-olds was estimated for 44 undergraduates who took the test twice with 2 to 8 weeks between testings. The mean scores on subtests and IQs and the correlations of subtest scores and IQs were similar to the values obtained by Wechsler in 1981 with only two age groups, 25- to 34- and 45- to 54-yr.-old examinees.

Relationship of Scores on the Full-Range Picture Vocabulary Test and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale in a Vocational Rehabilitation Setting

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1263-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas C. Dickinson ◽  
Joan Neubert ◽  
Dorothy McDermott
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Vocabulary Test ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Vocabulary Subtest

The relationship between IQ scores on the Full-Range Picture Vocabulary Test (FRPV) of Amnions and Amnions and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was investigated using a random sample of clients at a hospital-based vocational rehabilitation center. As predicted, correlations of FRPV and WAIS were significant, but decreased in magnitude for WAIS Vocabulary subtest, Verbal IQ, Full-scale IQ, and Performance IQ scores. These data extend previous research in applying the FRPV to different populations and suggest that it can be usefully applied as a quick screening measure of intelligence with a heterogeneous rehabilitation clientele.

A Comparison of Low IQ Scores From the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale— Third Edition

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas B. Umphress
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intellectual Assessment ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Assessment Scales

Abstract Twenty people with suspected intellectual disability took the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS; C. R. Reynolds & R. W. Kamphaus, 1998) and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—3rd Edition (WAIS-III; D. Wechsler, 1997) to see if the 2 IQ tests produced comparable results. A t test showed that the RIAS Composite Intelligence Index scores were significantly higher than WAIS-III Full Scale IQ scores at the alpha level of .01. There was a significant difference between the RIAS Nonverbal Intelligence and WAIS-III Performance Scale, but there was no significant difference between the RIAS Verbal Intelligence Index and the WAIS-III Verbal Scale IQ. The results raise questions concerning test selection for diagnosing intellectual disability and the use of the correlation statistic for comparing intelligence tests.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document