Leadership and Information Processing

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 357-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kastenmüller ◽  
Tobias Greitemeyer ◽  
Stefanie Zehl ◽  
Andrew J. Tattersall ◽  
Helen George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Conflicting Information ◽  
Information Studies ◽  
Selective Information Processing ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selective Information

There is a large body of research showing that people selectively prefer information that supports their decisions and opinions, and avoid conflicting information (selective information processing). Three studies were conducted to examine how the different leadership styles of supervisors influence subordinates’ selective information processing (i.e., the evaluation, seeking, and conveying of information). Studies 1 and 2 indicate that students in the role of subordinates who were exposed to transformational supervisors process information in a more balanced way than do those who were led by a transactional supervisor. Study 3 was carried out with professionals and showed that transformational leadership was negatively correlated with selective information seeking and conveying. This finding was mediated by the experience of positive emotions. Transactional leadership, by contrast, was not significantly associated with selective information processing. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

The Role of Selective Information Processing in Price-Quality Inference: Table 1

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank R. Kardes ◽  
Maria L. Cronley ◽  
James J. Kellaris ◽  
Steven S. Posavac
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Selective Information Processing ◽  
Selective Information

Role of brand attachment in customers’ evaluation of service failure

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Saavedra Torres ◽  
Monika Rawal ◽  
Ramin Bagherzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Service Failure ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Brand Attachment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Coping Tactics ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to examine the role of brand attachment as a relevant construct in customers’ evaluation after they face a service failure which impacts future consumer behaviors. It mainly answers the research question: does brand attachment cushion or amplify the effect of service failure on customers’ negative emotions? Design/methodology/approach A 2 × 2 × 2 experimental design was conducted. Data analysis was performed with ANOVA and moderated mediation. Findings Customer’s feelings toward a brand (brand attachment) that existed before a service failure occurred can regulate customer’s negative emotions especially when consumer attribute service failure to a controllable cause. This process minimizes the effect of service failure in customer’s satisfaction and consequently increase customer behaviors like word of mouth and loyalty intentions. Research limitations/implications Adding perceived intentionality as a service failure’s attribution could provide another layer of explanation of customer behavior. Also, an expanded study using a sector characterized by higher cost of change and permanent consumption could provide result’s generalizability. Practical implications Brand attachment should be included in the customer service strategy. In a service failure situation, brand attachment becomes part of the “service customer policy” helping customers to regulate their negative emotions. Originality/value This study fills the knowledge gap regarding the role of customers’ positive emotions toward brands when a service failure occurs. The current study extends branding literature by differentiating brand attachment role from coping tactics.

Selective Information-Processing in Depressed Children and Adolescents: Is There a Difference in Processing of Self-Referent and Other-Referent Information?

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikte Timbremont ◽  
Caroline Braet
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Recall Task ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Depressed Group ◽  
Selective Processing ◽  
Selective Information Processing ◽  
Depressed Children ◽  
Selective Information

AbstractIn this study, selective memory-processing of self-referent and other-referent information in depressed children was examined. A control group (N = 50) and a depressed group (N = 22) were given two intentional self-referent encoding tasks, in which participants were presented with positive and negative adjectives. In the first experiment, participants were given self-referent and structural instructions. The second experiment included a self-referent instruction and an other-referent instruction. The encoding tasks were followed by a recall task. The results of the first experiment supported the selective processing hypothesis for self-referent information in depressed children and adolescents. However, the recall ratios of positive and negative information after focusing on self and others in the second experiment revealed that depressed children diverted their attention away from negative self-referent information and displayed memory-processing similar to nondepressed children.

scholarly journals Why Do People Seek Information? The Role of Personality Traits and Situation Perception

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley Jach ◽  
Colin G. DeYoung ◽  
Luke D. Smillie
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Intellectual Engagement ◽  
Outcome Information ◽  
Uncertainty Intolerance ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Available Information

The opportunity to learn new knowledge is ever present. How do people decide if information has sufficient value to counteract the cost of obtaining it? We proposed a conceptual model of information seeking that emphasizes how personality traits and perceptions of situations may influence motivations to seek information to explore (related to trait curiosity and openness/intellect, and situations evoking more positive emotions and opportunities for intellectual engagement) or feel safe (related to trait uncertainty intolerance and neuroticism, and situations that evoke more negative emotions). Across two studies (N = 436; N = 316), information seeking was assessed with two widely-used paradigms (advance knowledge of a reward outcome and answers to trivia questions), as well as two variations of the trivia paradigm in Study 1. In all contexts, the available information was non-instrumental, having no practical utility within the context of the task. Consistent with our proposed exploration pathway, curiosity and openness/intellect predicted the choice to seek information for trivia and related stimuli, but not reward-outcome stimuli, and trivia stimuli were generally rated as more intellectually engaging, more positive, and less negative than reward-outcome stimuli. However, evidence for the safety pathway was only partially in line with predictions, with uncertainty intolerance predicting reward-outcome information seeking in Study 2 only. We consider possible modifications to our initial model and implications for information-seeking research. These studies provide a proof of concept that people display both trait- and context-dependent preferences for non-instrumental information, both of which are commonly overlooked in studies of information seeking.

The Clinical Neuroscience of Impulsive Aggression

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royce Lee ◽  
Jennifer R. Fanning ◽  
Emil F. Coccaro
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Social Information Processing ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Information Processing Model ◽  
Clinical Neuroscience ◽  
Impulsive Aggression ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pharmacological Potential

Aggression can be categorized into three subtypes: premeditated aggression, frustration-related aggression, and impulsive aggression (IA), which is the focus of this chapter. It first delineates the social information processing model of IA and its neurobiological underpinnings, with a special focus on ventral prefrontal-amygdala, frontostriatal, and frontoparietal circuits. In these circuits, structural as well as functional alterations have been associated with IA. A large body of basic and clinical research has examined the role of neurotransmitters (glutamate, GABA) and neuromodulators (monoamines and neuropeptides) in mediating IA. The important role of the monoamines dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine in the mediation of different aspects of IA and the pharmacological potential resulting from these alterations are depicted in the second half of the chapter. The chapter concludes with an overview of the most important etiological factors.

scholarly journals Brand-Evoked Mental Imagery: The Role of Brands in Eliciting Mental Imagery

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402097748
Author(s):  
Diana Gavilan ◽  
Maria Avello
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Mental Images ◽  
Brand Familiarity ◽  
Visual Mental Imagery ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Stimulation Of

This research provides evidence of the role played by a brand in the stimulation of mental imagery. We anticipate that a familiar (vs. unfamiliar) brand will evoke higher levels of visual mental imagery in the consumer. In addition, if the consumer exhibits favorability toward the brand, the visual mental imagery evoked will be enhanced. Therefore, we provide evidence of the moderating role of brand favorability in the relationship between brand familiarity and visual mental imagery. Our findings suggest that brands are evocative and are able to enhance (or reduce) information processing and, thus, the generation of visual mental images that we name “brand-evoked mental imagery.” The results contribute to the literature on branding and mental imagery and have several practical implications for marketers.

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