scholarly journals Reactions of formic acid with protonated water clusters: Implications of cluster growth in the atmosphere

2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (D16) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Goken ◽  
A. W. Castleman
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Water Clusters ◽  
Cluster Growth

Reactions between microhydrated superoxide anions and formic acid

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (34) ◽  
pp. 23176-23186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauritz Johan Ryding ◽  
Israel Fernández ◽  
Einar Uggerud
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Water Clusters ◽  
Superoxide Anions ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Quantum Chemical Methods

Reactions between water clusters containing the superoxide anion, O2˙−(H2O)n (n = 0–4), and formic acid, HCO2H, were studied experimentally in vacuo and modelled using quantum chemical methods.

scholarly journals Impact of a hydrophobic ion on the early stage of atmospheric aerosol formation

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (45) ◽  
pp. 22540-22544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Feketeová ◽  
Paul Bertier ◽  
Thibaud Salbaing ◽  
Toshiyuki Azuma ◽  
Florent Calvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Water Cluster ◽  
Water Clusters ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cloud Formation ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Cluster Growth ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Pyridinium Ion

Atmospheric aerosols are one of the major factors affecting planetary climate, and the addition of anthropogenic molecules into the atmosphere is known to strongly affect cloud formation. The broad variety of compounds present in such dilute media and their specific underlying thermalization processes at the nanoscale make a complete quantitative description of atmospheric aerosol formation certainly challenging. In particular, it requires fundamental knowledge about the role of impurities in water cluster growth, a crucial step in the early stage of aerosol and cloud formation. Here, we show how a hydrophobic pyridinium ion within a water cluster drastically changes the thermalization properties, which will in turn change the corresponding propensity for water cluster growth. The combination of velocity map imaging with a recently developed mass spectrometry technique allows the direct measurement of the velocity distribution of the water molecules evaporated from excited clusters. In contrast to previous results on pure water clusters, the low-velocity part of the distributions for pyridinium-doped water clusters is composed of 2 distinct Maxwell–Boltzmann distributions, indicating out-of-equilibrium evaporation. More generally, the evaporation of water molecules from excited clusters is found to be much slower when the cluster is doped with a pyridinium ion. Therefore, the presence of a contaminant molecule in the nascent cluster changes the energy storage and disposal in the early stages of gas-to-particle conversion, thereby leading to an increased rate of formation of water clusters and consequently facilitating homogeneous nucleation at the early stages of atmospheric aerosol formation.

scholarly journals Photoionization, Structures and Energetics of Na‐doped Formic Acid‐Water Clusters

ChemPhysChem ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonia M. Di Palma ◽  
Maria F. Gaele ◽  
Attila Bende
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Water Clusters ◽  
Acid Water

Structures and energetics of proton-bound formic acid—water clusters, (HCOOH)n(H2O)H+

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Aviyente ◽  
R. Zhang ◽  
T. Varnali ◽  
C. Lifshitz
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Water Clusters ◽  
Acid Water

Structural phenomena in the growth of carbon nanotubes

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 750-751
Author(s):  
Jun Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Carbonaceous Material ◽  
Cluster Growth ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Rich Variety ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Point To Point

HREM studies of the carbonaceous material deposited on the cathode of a Huffman-Krätschmer arc reactor have shown a rich variety of multiple-walled nano-clusters of different shapes and forms. The preparation of the samples, as well as the variety of cluster shapes, including triangular, rhombohedral and pentagonal projections, are described elsewhere.The close registry imposed on the nanotubes, focuses attention on the cluster growth mechanism. The strict parallelism in the graphitic separation of the tube walls is maintained through changes of form and size, often leading to 180° turns, and accommodating neighboring clusters and defects. Iijima et. al. have proposed a growth scheme in terms of pentagonal and heptagonal defects and their combinations in a hexagonal graphitic matrix, the first bending the surface inward, and the second outward. We report here HREM observations that support Iijima’s suggestions, and add some new features that refine the interpretation of the growth mechanism. The structural elements of our observations are briefly summarized in the following four micrographs, taken in a Hitachi H-8100 TEM operating at an accelerating voltage of 200 kV and with a point-to-point resolution of 0.20 nm.

NANOELECTROCATALYSTS BASED PALLADIUM FOR FUEL CELLS WITH DIRECT OXIDATION OF FORMIC ACID

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
Marina Vladimirovna Lebedeva ◽  
Alexey Petrovich Antropov ◽  
Alexander Victorovich Ragutkin ◽  
Nicolay Andreevich Yashtulov
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Palladium Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Formic Acid Oxidation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Direct Oxidation ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Formic Acid Oxidation Reaction

In paper electrode materials with palladium nanoparticles on polymer matrix substrates for energy sources have been formed. Nanocomposites were investigated by atomic force and scanning electron microscopy. The catalytic activity of formed electrodes in the formic acid oxidation reaction was evaluated by voltammetry method.

THE JET-COOLED HIGH-RESOLUTION IR SPECTRUM OF FORMIC ACID CYCLIC DIMER

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Goubet ◽  
Robert Georges ◽  
P. Roy ◽  
Atef Jabri ◽  
Pascale Soulard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Ir Spectrum ◽  
Cyclic Dimer
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