scholarly journals Simple Physical Model for the Probability of a Subduction- Zone Earthquake Following Slow Slip Events and Earthquakes: Application to the Hikurangi Megathrust, New Zealand

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 3932-3941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Kaneko ◽  
Laura M. Wallace ◽  
Ian J. Hamling ◽  
Matthew C. Gerstenberger
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Slow Slip ◽  
Slow Slip Events ◽  
Simple Physical Model ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquake

Three‐Dimensional Modeling of Spontaneous and Triggered Slow‐Slip Events at the Hikurangi Subduction Zone, New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (12) ◽  
pp. 13250-13268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bunichiro Shibazaki ◽  
Laura M. Wallace ◽  
Yoshihiro Kaneko ◽  
Ian Hamling ◽  
Yoshihiro Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Slow Slip ◽  
Slow Slip Events ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Modeling

Slow Slip Events in New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Slow Motion ◽  
Plate Motion ◽  
Slow Slip ◽  
Slow Slip Events ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
The North ◽  
Interseismic Coupling ◽  
Natural Laboratory

Continuously operating global positioning system sites in the North Island of New Zealand have revealed a diverse range of slow motion earthquakes on the Hikurangi subduction zone. These slow slip events (SSEs) exhibit diverse characteristics, from shallow (<15 km), short (<1 month), frequent (every 1–2 years) events in the northern part of the subduction zone to deep (>30 km), long (>1 year), less frequent (approximately every 5 years) SSEs in the southern part of the subduction zone. Hikurangi SSEs show intriguing relationships to interseismic coupling, seismicity, and tectonic tremor, and they exhibit a diversity of interactions with large, regional earthquakes. Due to the marked along-strike variations in Hikurangi SSE characteristics, which coincide with changes in physical characteristics of the subduction margin, the Hikurangi subduction zone presents a globally unique natural laboratory to resolve outstanding questions regarding the origin of episodic, slow fault slip behavior. ▪  New Zealand's Hikurangi subduction zone hosts slow slip events with a diverse range of depth, size, duration, and recurrence characteristics. ▪  Hikurangi slow slip events show intriguing relationships with seismicity ranging from small earthquakes and tremor to larger earthquakes. ▪  Slow slip events play a major role in the accommodation of plate motion at the Hikurangi subduction zone. ▪  Many aspects of the Hikurangi subduction zone make it an ideal natural laboratory to resolve the physical processes controlling slow slip.

scholarly journals Observations of Laboratory and Natural Slow Slip Events: Hikurangi Subduction Zone, New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt J. Ikari ◽  
Laura M. Wallace ◽  
Hannah S. Rabinowitz ◽  
Heather M. Savage ◽  
Ian J. Hamling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Slow Slip ◽  
Slow Slip Events

scholarly journals Time-dependent modeling of slow slip events and associated seismicity and tremor at the Hikurangi subduction zone, New Zealand

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 734-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel M. Bartlow ◽  
Laura M. Wallace ◽  
R. John Beavan ◽  
Stephen Bannister ◽  
P. Segall
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Slow Slip ◽  
Slow Slip Events

Paleoecological insights into subduction zone earthquake occurrence, eastern North Island, New Zealand

2006 ◽  
Vol 118 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1051-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Cochran ◽  
K. Berryman ◽  
J. Zachariasen ◽  
D. Mildenhall ◽  
B. Hayward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Earthquake Occurrence ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquake

Systematic characterization of slow slip events along the Mexican subduction zone from 2000 to 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Radiguet ◽  
Ekaterina Kazachkina ◽  
Louise Maubant ◽  
Nathalie Cotte ◽  
Vladimir Kostoglodov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Subduction Zones ◽  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Seismic Gap ◽  
Slow Slip ◽  
Slow Slip Events ◽  
Grace Data ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Mexican Subduction Zone

&lt;p&gt;Slow slip events (SSEs) represent a significant mechanism of strain release along several subduction zones, and understanding their occurrence and relations with major earthquake asperities is essential for a comprehensive understanding of the seismic cycle. Here, we focus on the Mexican subduction zone, characterized by the occurrence of recurrent large slow slip events (SSEs), both in the Guerrero region, where the SSEs are among the largest observed worldwide, and in the Oaxaca region, where smaller, more frequent SSEs occur. Up to now, most slow slip studies in the Mexican subduction zone focused either on the detailed analysis of a single event, were limited to a small area (Guerrero or Oaxaca), or were limited to data before 2012 [e.g.1-4]. In this study, our aim is to build an updated and consistent catalog of major slow slip events in the Guerrero-Oaxaca region.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We use an approach similar to Michel et al. 2018 [5]. We analyze the GPS time series from 2000 to 2019 using Independent Component Analysis (ICA), in order to separate temporally varying sources of different origins (seasonal signals, SSEs and afterslip of major earthquakes). We are able to isolate a component corresponding to seasonal loading, which matches the temporal evolution of displacement modeled from the GRACE data. The sources (independent components) identified as tectonic sources of deep origin are inverted for slip on the subduction interface. We thus obtain a model of the spatio-temporal evolution of aseismic slip on the subduction interface over 19 years, from which we can isolate around 30 individual slow slip events of M&lt;sub&gt;w &lt;/sub&gt;&gt; 6.2.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;The obtained catalog is coherent with previous studies (in terms of number of events detected, magnitude and duration) which validates the methodology. The observed moment-duration scaling is close to M&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;~T&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;as recently suggested by Michel [6] for Cascadia SSEs, and our study extends the range of magnitude considered in their analysis. Finally, we also investigate the spatio-temporal relations between the SSEs occurring in the adjacent regions of Guerrero and Oaxaca, and their interaction with local and distant earthquakes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;References:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;Kostoglodov, V. et al. A large silent earthquake in the Guerrero seismic gap, Mexico. Geophys. Res. Lett &lt;strong&gt;30&lt;/strong&gt;, 1807 (2003).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Graham, S. et al. Slow Slip History for the Mexico Subduction Zone: 2005 Through 2011. Pure and Applied Geophysics 1&amp;#8211;21 (2015). doi:10.1007/s00024-015-1211-x&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Larson, K. M., Kostoglodov, V. &amp; Shin&amp;#8217;ichi Miyazaki, J. A. S. The 2006 aseismic slow slip event in Guerrero, Mexico: New results from GPS. Geophys. Res. Lett. &lt;strong&gt;34&lt;/strong&gt;, L13309 (2007).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Radiguet, M. et al. Slow slip events and strain accumulation in the Guerrero gap, Mexico. J. Geophys. Res. &lt;strong&gt;117&lt;/strong&gt;, B04305 (2012).&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Michel, S., Gualandi, A. &amp; Avouac, J.-P. Interseismic Coupling and Slow Slip Events on the Cascadia Megathrust. Pure Appl. Geophys. (2018). doi:10.1007/s00024-018-1991-x&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Michel, S., Gualandi, A. &amp; Avouac, J. Similar scaling laws for earthquakes and Cascadia slow-slip events. Nature &lt;strong&gt;574, &lt;/strong&gt;522&amp;#8211;526 (2019) doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1673-6&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Slow slip near the trench at the Hikurangi subduction zone, New Zealand

Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 352 (6286) ◽  
pp. 701-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Wallace ◽  
S. C. Webb ◽  
Y. Ito ◽  
K. Mochizuki ◽  
R. Hino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Slow Slip

scholarly journals Using low-frequency earthquakes to monitor slow tectonic deformation in the central Southern Alps, New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Laura-May Baratin Wachten
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Matched Filter ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Southern Alps ◽  
Focal Mechanisms ◽  
Slow Slip ◽  
Slow Slip Events ◽  
Event Time ◽  
Alpine Fault ◽  
Occurrence Patterns

<p>This thesis involves the study of low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) in the central Southern Alps. The Alpine Fault is the principal locus of deformation within the Australia–Pacific plate boundary in the South Island of New Zealand and it is late in its typical ∼300-year seismic cycle. Surveying the seismicity associated with slow deformation in the vicinity of the Alpine Fault may provide constraints on the stresses acting on a major transpressive margin prior to an anticipated great (≥M8) earthquake. Here, we use 8 years of data from the Southern Alps Microearthquake Borehole Array (SAMBA) (amongst those, 3 years of data were collected as part of this project) in order to: (1) generate an updated LFE catalogue using an improved matched-filter technique that incorporates phase-weighted stacking; (2) compute LFE focal mechanisms and invert them to infer the crustal stress field on the deep extent of the Alpine Fault; (3) expand the LFE catalogue to cover a wider range of spatial/temporal behaviours; (4) study LFE families’ characteristics to identify periods where slow slip might happen.  We first use fourteen primary LFE templates in an iterative matched-filter and stacking routine, which allows the detection of similar signals and produces LFE families sharing common locations. We generate an 8-yr catalogue containing 10,000 LFEs that are combined for each of the 14 LFE families using phase-weighted stacking to produce signals with the highest possible signal-to-noise ratios. We find LFEs to occur almost continuously during the 8-yr study period and we highlight two types of LFE distributions: (1) discrete behaviour with an inter-event time exceeding 2 minutes; (2) burst-like behaviour with an inter-event time below 2 minutes. The discrete events are interpreted as small-scale frequent deformation on the deep extent of the Alpine Fault and the LFE bursts (corresponding in most cases to known episodes of tremor or large regional earthquakes) are interpreted as brief periods of increased slip activity indicative of slow slip. We compute improved non-linear earthquake locations using a 3D velocity model and find LFEs to occur below the seismogenic zone at depths of 17–42 km, on or near the hypothesised deep extent of the Alpine Fault. We then compute the first estimates of LFE focal mechanisms associated with continental faulting. Focal mechanisms, in conjunction with recurrence intervals, are consistent with quasi-continuous shear faulting on the deep extent of the Alpine Fault.  We then generate a new catalogue that regroups hundreds of LFE families. This time 638 synthetic LFE waveforms are generated using a 3D grid and used as primary templates in a matched-filter routine. Of those, 529 templates yield enough detections during the first iteration of the matched-filter routine (≥ 500 detections over the 8-yr study period) and are kept for further analysis. We then use the best 25% of correlated events for each LFE family to generate linear stacks which create new LFE templates. From there, we run a second and final iteration of the matched-filter routine with the new LFE templates to obtain our final LFE catalogue. The remaining 529 templates detect between 150 and 1,671 events each totalling 300,996 detections over the 8-yr study period. Of those 529 LFEs, we manage to locate 378 families. Their depths range between 11 and 60 km and LFEs locate mainly in the southern part of the SAMBA network. We finally examine individual LFE family rates and occurrence patterns. They indicate that LFE sources seem to evolve from an episodic or ‘stepped’ to a continuous behaviour with depth. This transition may correspond to an evolution from a stick-slip to a stable-sliding slip regime. Hence, we propose that the distinctive features of LFE occurrence patterns reflect variations in the in-situ stress and frictional conditions at the individual LFE source locations on the Alpine Fault.  Finally, we use this new extensive catalogue as a tool for in-depth analyses of the deep central Alpine Fault structure and its slip behaviour. We identify eight episodes of increased LFE activity between 2009 and 2017 and provide time windows for further investigations of tremor and slow slip. We also study the spatial and temporal behaviours of LFEs and find that LFEs with synchronous occurrence patterns tend to be clustered in space. We thus suggest that individual LFE sources form spatially coherent clusters that may represent localised asperities or elastic patches on the deep Alpine Fault interface. We infer that those clusters may have a similar rheological response to tectonic forcing or to potential slow slip events. Eventually, we discover slow (10km/day) and rapid (∼20-25km/h) migrations of LFEs along the Alpine Fault. The slow migration might be controlled by slow slip events themselves while the rapid velocities could be explained by the LFE sources’ intrinsic properties.</p>

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