scholarly journals Storm Waves may be the Source of Some ‘Tsunami’ Coastal Boulder Deposits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Kennedy ◽  
Rónadh Cox ◽  
Frédéric Dias
Keyword(s):  
Storm Waves ◽  
Boulder Deposits

scholarly journals Measuring Change Using Quantitative Differencing of Repeat Structure-From-Motion Photogrammetry: The Effect of Storms on Coastal Boulder Deposits

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Nagle-McNaughton ◽  
Rónadh Cox
Keyword(s):  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Repeat Structure ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Storm Waves ◽  
Frequent Monitoring ◽  
Single Lens ◽  
Boulder Deposits

Repeat photogrammetry is increasingly the go-too tool for long-term geomorphic monitoring, but quantifying the differences between structure-from-motion (SfM) models is a developing field. Volumetric differencing software (such as the open-source package CloudCompare) provides an efficient mechanism for quantifying change in landscapes. In this case study, we apply this methodology to coastal boulder deposits on Inishmore, Ireland. Storm waves are known to move these rocks, but boulder transportation and evolution of the deposits are not well documented. We used two disparate SfM data sets for this analysis. The first model was built from imagery captured in 2015 using a GoPro Hero 3+ camera (fisheye lens) and the second used 2017 imagery from a DJI FC300X camera (standard digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera); and we used CloudCompare to measure the differences between them. This study produced two noteworthy findings: First, volumetric differencing reveals that short-term changes in boulder deposits can be larger than expected, and that frequent monitoring can reveal not only the scale but the complexities of boulder transport in this setting. This is a valuable addition to our growing understanding of coastal boulder deposits. Second, SfM models generated by different imaging hardware can be successfully compared at sub-decimeter resolution, even when one of the camera systems has substantial lens distortion. This means that older image sets, which might not otherwise be considered of appropriate quality for co-analysis with more recent data, should not be ignored as data sources in long-term monitoring studies.

scholarly journals Intermittent but Rapid Changes to Coastal Landscapes: The Tsunami and El Niño Wave-Formed Sea Arch at Laie Point, Oahu, Hawaii, U.S.A.

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Tsunami Source ◽  
Tsunami Waves ◽  
Storm Waves ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Coastal Landscapes ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
First Time

Kukuiho’olua Island is an islet that lies 164 m due north of Laie Point, a peninsula of cemented, coastal, Pleistocene and Holocene sand dunes. Kukuiho’olua Island consists of the same dune deposits as Laie Point and is cut by a sea arch, which, documented here for first time, may have formed during the 1 April 1946 “April Fools’s Day Tsunami.” The tsunami-source of formation is supported by previous modeling by other authors, which indicated that the geometry of overhanging sea cliffs can greatly strengthen and focus the force of tsunami waves. Additional changes occurred to the island and arch during the 2015–2016 El Niño event, which was one of the strongest on record. During the event, anomalous wave heights and reversed wind directions occurred across the Pacific. On the night of 24–25 February 2016, large storm waves, resulting from the unique El Niño conditions washed out a large boulder that had lain within the arch since its initial formation, significantly increasing the open area beneath the arch. Large waves also rose high enough for seawater to flow over the peninsula at Laie Point, causing significant erosion of its upper surface. These changes at Laie Point and Kukuio’olua Island serve as examples of long-term, intermittent change to a coastline—changes that, although infrequent, can occur quickly and dramatically, potentially making them geologic hazards.

scholarly journals Storm waves during Typhoon Cobra (Halsey’s typhoon) in December 1944

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Byung Ho Choi ◽  
Kyeong Ok Kim ◽  
Jin-Hee Yuk
Keyword(s):  
Storm Waves

scholarly journals Navigating complexity through knowledge coproduction: Mainstreaming ecosystem services into disaster risk reduction

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (24) ◽  
pp. 7362-7368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Reyers ◽  
Jeanne L. Nel ◽  
Patrick J. O’Farrell ◽  
Nadia Sitas ◽  
Deon C. Nel
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Storm Waves ◽  
Private And Public

Achieving the policy and practice shifts needed to secure ecosystem services is hampered by the inherent complexities of ecosystem services and their management. Methods for the participatory production and exchange of knowledge offer an avenue to navigate this complexity together with the beneficiaries and managers of ecosystem services. We develop and apply a knowledge coproduction approach based on social–ecological systems research and assess its utility in generating shared knowledge and action for ecosystem services. The approach was piloted in South Africa across four case studies aimed at reducing the risk of disasters associated with floods, wildfires, storm waves, and droughts. Different configurations of stakeholders (knowledge brokers, assessment teams, implementers, and bridging agents) were involved in collaboratively designing each study, generating and exchanging knowledge, and planning for implementation. The approach proved useful in the development of shared knowledge on the sizable contribution of ecosystem services to disaster risk reduction. This knowledge was used by stakeholders to design and implement several actions to enhance ecosystem services, including new investments in ecosystem restoration, institutional changes in the private and public sector, and innovative partnerships of science, practice, and policy. By bringing together multiple disciplines, sectors, and stakeholders to jointly produce the knowledge needed to understand and manage a complex system, knowledge coproduction approaches offer an effective avenue for the improved integration of ecosystem services into decision making.

Formation mechanism of extreme storm waves in the Black Sea

2006 ◽  
Vol 408 (1) ◽  
pp. 570-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Kuznetsov ◽  
Ya. V. Saprykina ◽  
R. D. Kos’yan ◽  
O. V. Pushkarev
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Storm Waves ◽  
Extreme Storm

scholarly journals Statistics of Simulated Storm Waves over Bathymetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 784
Author(s):  
Arnida Lailatul Latifah ◽  
Durra Handri ◽  
Ayu Shabrina ◽  
Henokh Hariyanto ◽  
E. van Groesen
Keyword(s):  
Water Waves ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Extreme Waves ◽  
Marine Structures ◽  
Wave Statistics ◽  
Storm Waves ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Good Agreement

This paper shows simulations of high waves over different bathymetries to collect statistical information, particularly kurtosis and crest exceedance, that quantifies the occurrence of exceptionally extreme waves. This knowledge is especially pertinent for the design and operation of marine structures, safe ship trafficking, and mooring strategies for ships near the coast. Taking advantage of the flexibility to perform numerical simulations with HAWASSI software, with the aim of investigating the physical and statistical properties for these cases, this paper investigates the change in wave statistics related to changes in depth, breaking and differences between long- and short-crested waves. Three different types of bathymetry are considered: run-up to the coast with slope 1/20, waves over a shoal, and deep open-water waves. Simulations show good agreement in the examined cases compared with the available experimental data and simulations. Then predictive simulations for cases with a higher significant wave height illustrate the changes that may occur during storm events.

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