The prototypical pride expression: Development of a nonverbal behavior coding system.

Emotion ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Tracy ◽  
Richard W. Robins
Keyword(s):  
Nonverbal Behavior ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Behavior Coding ◽  
Pride Expression

Coding Body Language in Sports: The Nonverbal Behavior Coding System for Soccer Penalties

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Philip Furley ◽  
Alexander Roth
Keyword(s):  
Nonverbal Behavior ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Temporal Precision ◽  
Intercoder Reliability ◽  
Coding Schemes ◽  
Behavior Coding

Nonverbal behavior (NVB) plays an important role in sports. However, it has been difficult to measure, as no coding schemes exist to objectively measure NVB in sports. Therefore, the authors adapted the Body Action and Posture Coding System to the context of soccer penalties, validated it, and initially used this system (Nonverbal Behavior Coding System for Soccer Penalties [NBCSP]) to explore NVB in penalties. Study 1 demonstrated that the NBCSP had good to excellent intercoder reliability regarding the occurrence and temporal precision of NVBs. It also showed that the coding system could differentiate certain postures and behaviors as a function of emotional valence (i.e., positive vs. negative emotional states). Study 2 identified differences in NVB for successful and missed shots in a sample of penalties (time spent looking toward the goal, toward the ground, right arm movement, and how upright the body posture was). The authors discuss the utility of the coding system for different sport contexts.

Age Related Group Behavior Coding System

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lakin ◽  
Janis Bremer ◽  
Bruce Oppenheimer
Keyword(s):  
Group Behavior ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Behavior Coding ◽  
Related Group

scholarly journals Children's Behavior in the Postanesthesia Care Unit: The Development of the Child Behavior Coding System-PACU (CBCS-P)

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill MacLaren Chorney ◽  
Edwin T. Tan ◽  
Sarah R. Martin ◽  
Michelle A. Fortier ◽  
Zeev N. Kain
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Surgery ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Postanesthesia Care Unit ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Observational Coding ◽  
Analgesic Consumption ◽  
Children's Behavior ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Behavior Coding

Abstract Objective To develop and validate a behavioral coding measure, the Children's Behavior Coding System-PACU (CBCS-P), for children's distress and nondistress behaviors while in the postanesthesia recovery unit. Methods A multidisciplinary team examined videotapes of children in the PACU and developed a coding scheme that subsequently underwent a refinement process (CBCS-P). To examine the reliability and validity of the coding system, 121 children and their parents were videotaped during their stay in the PACU. Participants were healthy children undergoing elective, outpatient surgery and general anesthesia. The CBCS-P was utilized and objective data from medical charts (analgesic consumption and pain scores) were extracted to establish validity. Results Kappa values indicated good-to-excellent (κ's > .65) interrater reliability of the individual codes. The CBCS-P had good criterion validity when compared to children's analgesic consumption and pain scores. Conclusions The CBCS-P is a reliable, observational coding method that captures children's distress and nondistress postoperative behaviors. These findings highlight the importance of considering context in both the development and application of observational coding schemes.

The Modification and Validation of the Behavior Coding System for School Settings

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Harris ◽  
Dennis Kreil ◽  
Russel Orpet
Keyword(s):  
Coding System ◽  
School Settings ◽  
Behavior Coding

Application of Information Introduced to Dynamic Message Processing and Enjoyment

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byungho Park ◽  
Rachel L. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Orienting Response ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Message Complexity ◽  
Cognitive Resource ◽  
Cognitive Overload

Abstract. In an effort to quantify message complexity in such a way that predictions regarding the moment-to-moment cognitive and emotional processing of viewers would be made, Lang and her colleagues devised the coding system information introduced (or ii). This coding system quantifies the number of structural features that are known to consume cognitive resources and considers it in combination with the number of camera changes (cc) in the video, which supply additional cognitive resources owing to their elicitation of an orienting response. This study further validates ii using psychophysiological responses that index cognitive resource allocation and recognition memory. We also pose two novel hypotheses regarding the confluence of controlled and automatic processing and the effect of cognitive overload on enjoyment of messages. Thirty television advertisements were selected from a pool of 172 (all 20 s in length) based on their ii/cc ratio and ratings for their arousing content. Heart rate change over time showed significant deceleration (indicative of increased cognitive resource allocation) for messages with greater ii/cc ratios. Further, recognition memory worsened as ii/cc increased. It was also found that message complexity increases both automatic and controlled allocations to processing, and that the most complex messages may have created a state of cognitive overload, which was received as enjoyable by the participants in this television context.

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