scholarly journals Neural mechanisms of interference control underlie the relationship between fluid intelligence and working memory span.

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory C. Burgess ◽  
Jeremy R. Gray ◽  
Andrew R. A. Conway ◽  
Todd S. Braver
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Interference Control ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Neural Mechanisms of Interference Control in Working Memory: Effects of Interference Expectancy and Fluid Intelligence

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. e12861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory C. Burgess ◽  
Todd S. Braver
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Memory Effects ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Interference Control

scholarly journals Neural mechanisms of interference control in working memory capacity

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 772-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Bomyea ◽  
Charles T. Taylor ◽  
Andrea D. Spadoni ◽  
Alan N. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Interference Control

Understanding the Relationship Between Rationality and Intelligence: A Latent-Variable Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander P. Burgoyne ◽  
Cody Mashburn ◽  
Jason S. Tsukahara ◽  
Zach Hambrick ◽  
Randall W Engle
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Variable Approach ◽  
The Relationship

A hallmark of intelligent behavior is rationality—the disposition and ability to think analytically to make decisions that maximize expected utility or follow the laws of probability, and therefore align with normative principles of decision making. However, the question remains as to whether rationality and intelligence are empirically distinct, as does the question of what cognitive mechanisms underlie individual differences in rationality. In a large sample of participants (N = 331), we used latent variable analyses to assess the relationship between rationality and intelligence. The results indicated that there was a common ability underpinning performance on some, but not all, rationality tests. Latent factors representing rationality and general intelligence were strongly correlated (r = .54), but their correlation fell well short of unity. Indeed, after accounting for variance in performance attributable to general intelligence, rationality measures still cohered on a latent factor. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that rationality correlated significantly with fluid intelligence (r = .56), working memory capacity (r = .44), and attention control (r = .49). Structural equation modeling revealed that attention control fully accounted for the relationship between working memory capacity and rationality, and partially accounted for the relationship between fluid intelligence and rationality. Results are interpreted in light of the executive attention framework, which holds that attention control supports information maintenance and disengagement in service of complex cognition. We conclude by speculating about factors rationality tests may tap that other cognitive ability tests miss, and outline directions for further research.

scholarly journals Working memory capacity mediates the relationship between removal and fluid intelligence

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 18-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishneil A. Singh ◽  
Gilles E. Gignac ◽  
Christopher R. Brydges ◽  
Ullrich K.H. Ecker
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
The Relationship

Can We Improve Fluid Intelligence With Training on Working Memory in Persons With Intellectual Disabilities?

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter J. Perrig ◽  
Marco Hollenstein ◽  
Stephan Oelhafen
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Working Memory Training ◽  
Memory Training ◽  
Far Transfer ◽  
Hereditary Component ◽  
Remedial Intervention ◽  
Intellectual Deficiencies ◽  
The Relationship

Fluid intelligence is considered as the ability to reason and to solve problems that influence learning in everyday life in both professional and educational settings. Therefore, a possibility to improve this faculty in persons with intellectual disabilities would be of highest interest for education. However, still being debated, many scientist as well as practitioners will agree that it is extremely difficult for these persons to go beyond a certain level of reasoning and to improve their intellectual functioning. This goes together with the consideration of fluid intelligence as a trait with a strong hereditary component that is rather immune to training. Nevertheless, we present in this article the theoretical rationale for successful working memory training as a processual training and as a remedial intervention tool for persons with intellectual deficiencies. This rationale is based on a review of the research on the relationship between working memory and fluid intelligence and the research on far transfer effects in nontrained tasks after training in populations with varying mental capacity. Features and constraints of the training tasks are described that are considered mandatory for a working memory training to be efficient.

Working memory, executive function, and general fluid intelligence are not the same

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Heitz ◽  
Thomas S. Redick ◽  
David Z. Hambrick ◽  
Michael J. Kane ◽  
Andrew R. A. Conway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Controlled Attention ◽  
The Relationship

Blair equates the constructs of working memory (WM), executive function, and general fluid intelligence (gF). We argue that there is good reason not to equate these constructs. We view WM and gF as separable but highly related, and suggest that the mechanism behind the relationship is controlled attention – an ability that is dependent on normal functioning of the prefrontal cortex.

Distinction between Visuo-Spatial Short-Term-Memory and Working Memory Span Tasks

2006 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Lecerf ◽  
Jean-Luc Roulin
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Item Difficulty ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Spatial Span ◽  
Span Test ◽  
Span Tasks

Six experiments are presented that examined the constraints underlying performance in two visuo-spatial span tasks. In the Location Span Test (LST), participants have to memorize the cells of a 5×5 matrix containing arrows, while in the Direction Span Test (DST) they have to memorize the cells pointed at by arrows. The main objective was to assess whether both tasks were similarly influenced by experimental factors. Results showed that performance improved with longer encoding time (1-s. vs. 3-s) only for the DST. Maintenance interval (0-s vs. 5-s) and order of item difficulty (ascending vs. descending) have no effect either on the LST or on the DST. Another experiment indicated that the DST is a better predictor of fluid intelligence. These results seem to provide evidence that the LST and the DST relate to different constructs. Implications of these findings for the distinction between short-term and working memory span tasks are discussed.

scholarly journals Working Memory Capacity Mediates the Relationship between Removal and Fluid Intelligence

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris Singh ◽  
Gilles Gignac ◽  
Christopher Brydges ◽  
Ullrich K. H. Ecker
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Core Component ◽  
The Core ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship

A process of active, item-wise removal of information from working memory (WM) has been proposed as the core component process of WM updating. Consequently, we investigated the associations between removal efficiency, WM capacity, and fluid intelligence (gF) in a series of three individual-differences studies via confirmatory factor analysis. In each study, participants completed a novel WM updating task battery designed to measure removal efficiency. In Study 1, participants additionally completed a WM capacity task battery. In Study 2, participants completed a battery of well-established measures of gF in addition to the updating battery. In Study 3, participants completed the updating, WM capacity, and gF task batteries. The results suggested that removal efficiency was related to both WM capacity and gF. Furthermore, based on a mediation analysis, the relationship between removal efficiency and gF was found to be entirely indirect via removal’s influence on WM capacity. The results were interpreted to suggest that removal ability may contribute to performance in reasoning tasks effectively through increasing WM capacity, presumably through reducing interference from distracting information.

Individual Differences in Attention Control

2020 ◽  
pp. 175-211
Author(s):  
Cody A. Mashburn ◽  
Jason S. Tsukahara ◽  
Randall W. Engle
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Executive Attention ◽  
Attention Theory ◽  
Attentional Resources ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter outlines the executive attention theory of higher-order cognition, which argues that individual differences in the ability to maintain information in working memory and disengage from irrelevant information is inextricably linked to variation in the ability to deploy domain-free attentional resources in a goal-directed fashion. It also summarizes recent addendums to the theory, particularly regarding the relationship between attention control, working memory capacity, and fluid intelligence. Specifically, the chapter argues that working memory capacity and fluid intelligence measures require different allocations of the same attentional resources, a fact which accounts for their strong correlation. At various points, it addresses theoretical alternatives to the executive attention theory of working memory capacity and empirical complications of the study of attention control, including difficulties deriving coherent attention control latent factors.

scholarly journals Validating running memory span: Measurement of working memory capacity and links with fluid intelligence

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 563-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Broadway ◽  
Randall W. Engle
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document