Oxygen Consumption, Neural Activity, and Human Behavior: Observing the Mind With Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (27) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Mind

Expertise and Aesthetic Liking

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Martin Skov ◽  
Ulrich Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Reward Systems ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging

It has long been observed that experience influences aesthetic evaluations. Psychological research has found multiple examples of experts and nonexperts forming different liking responses to similar stimuli. It remains unclear, though, precisely why experts evaluate objects they are experts on differently from people who are not experts. In the article under discussion, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, the authors demonstrated that, compared to non-architects, architects exhibited higher levels of neural activity in the reward systems when tasked with evaluating their liking of buildings but not when tasked with evaluating the attractiveness of faces.

A Brief History of Arguments in Resting state Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Imaging Research ◽  
Brain Fmri

All scientific research needs to go through years of arguments and debates to polish itself, including research of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in human brain. fMRI is one of the state-of-the-art noninvasive techniques to investigate brain functions of human and animals. Since it is difficult and hardly practical to record vivo neural activity from human brain, fMRI provides an substitute measurement of neural activity which is based on the haemodynamic response in blood flow during the neural activity, also known as bloodoxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal.

scholarly journals Neural Activity in Human Primary Motor Cortex Areas 4a and 4p Is Modulated Differentially by Attention to Action

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 514-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Binkofski ◽  
G. R. Fink ◽  
S. Geyer ◽  
G. Buccino ◽  
O. Gruber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging

The mechanisms underlying attention to action are poorly understood. Although distracted by something else, we often maintain the accuracy of a movement, which suggests that differential neural mechanisms for the control of attended and nonattended action exist. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in normal volunteers and probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps, we observed that neural activity in subarea 4p (posterior) within the primary motor cortex was modulated by attention to action, while neural activity in subarea 4a (anterior) was not. The data provide the direct evidence for differential neural mechanisms during attended and unattended action in human primary motor cortex.

On the origin of sustained negative BOLD response

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (9) ◽  
pp. 2339-2342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Moraschi ◽  
Mauro DiNuzzo ◽  
Federico Giove
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Bold Response ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Negative Bold

Several brain regions exhibit a sustained negative BOLD response (NBR) during specific tasks, as assessed with functional magnetic resonance imaging. The origin of the NBR and the relationships between the vascular/metabolic dynamics and the underlying neural activity are highly debated. Converging evidence indicates that NBR, in human and non-human primates, can be interpreted in terms of decrease in neuronal activity under its basal level, rather than a purely vascular phenomenon. However, the scarcity of direct experimental evidence suggests caution and encourages the ongoing utilization of multimodal approaches in the investigation of this effect.

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