Glucose does not Facilitate Performance for an Implicit Memory Mirror Drawing Task or an Explicit Wordlist Recall Task in Young Adults

Abstract. Older adults do not perform as well as young adults in explicit episodic memory tasks that require the formation and retrieval of new associations. Relatively few studies have investigated the effects of older adults' associative deficit on implicit-memory performance. After introducing the reader to the area of implicit-memory research at large, the authors review studies that have investigated young and older adults' performance in implicit associative memory tasks. Core theoretical issues and methodological challenges are discussed.

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Encoding Tasks Dissociate the Effects of Divided Attention on Category-Cued Recall and Category-Exemplar Generation

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169/a000134 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 124-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Andrew Parker ◽

Neil Dagnall ◽

Gary Munley

Keyword(s):

Implicit Memory ◽

Divided Attention ◽

Judgment Task ◽

Recall Task ◽

Cued Recall ◽

Category Judgment ◽

Combined Effects ◽

Category Exemplar ◽

Generation Task

The combined effects of encoding tasks and divided attention upon category-exemplar generation and category-cued recall were examined. Participants were presented with pairs of words each comprising a category name and potential example of that category. They were then asked to indicate either (i) their liking for both of the words or (ii) if the exemplar was a member of the category. It was found that divided attention reduced performance on the category-cued recall task under both encoding conditions. However, performance on the category-exemplar generation task remained invariant across the attention manipulation following the category judgment task. This provides further evidence that the processes underlying performance on conceptual explicit and implicit memory tasks can be dissociated, and that the intentional formation of category-exemplar associations attenuates the effects of divided attention on category-exemplar generation.

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Continuum of Care Following Sports-Related Concussion

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology ◽

10.1044/2020_ajslp-19-00131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 1389-1403

Author(s):

Jessica Brown ◽

Kelly Knollman-Porter

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Life Span ◽

Sports Injuries ◽

Continuum Of Care ◽

Medical Professional ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Youth Athletes ◽

Speech Language Pathologist ◽

History Of ◽

Injury Reporting

Purpose Although guidelines have changed regarding federally mandated concussion practices since their inception, little is known regarding the implementation of such guidelines and the resultant continuum of care for youth athletes participating in recreational or organized sports who incur concussions. Furthermore, data regarding the role of speech-language pathologists in the historic postconcussion care are lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the experiences of young adults with history of sports-related concussion as it related to injury reporting and received follow-up care. Method Participants included 13 young adults with history of at least one sports-related concussion across their life span. We implemented a mixed-methods design to collect both quantitative and qualitative information through structured interviews. Participants reported experiencing 42 concussions across the life span—26 subsequent to sports injuries. Results Twenty-three concussions were reported to a parent or medical professional, 14 resulted in a formal diagnosis, and participants received initial medical care for only 10 of the incidents and treatment or services on only two occasions. Participants reported concussions to an athletic trainer least frequently and to parents most frequently. Participants commented that previous experience with concussion reduced the need for seeking treatment or that they were unaware treatments or supports existed postconcussion. Only one concussion incident resulted in the care from a speech-language pathologist. Conclusion The results of the study reported herein shed light on the fidelity of sports-related concussion care management across time. Subsequently, we suggest guidelines related to continuum of care from injury to individualized therapy.

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