Risk taking in military and economic decision making: An analysis via an experimental simulation

1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siegfried Streufert
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Economic Decision ◽  
Economic Decision Making

scholarly journals Higher Risk Taking and Impaired Probability Judgment in Behavioral Addiction

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 662-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yui Asaoka ◽  
Moojun Won ◽  
Tomonari Morita ◽  
Emi Ishikawa ◽  
Yukiori Goto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Behavioral Addiction ◽  
Probability Judgment ◽  
Psychiatric Condition ◽  
Economic Decision ◽  
Economic Decision Making

Abstract Background Accumulating evidence suggests that deficits in decision-making and judgment may be involved in several psychiatric disorders, including addiction. Behavioral addiction is a conceptually new psychiatric condition, raising a debate of what criteria define behavioral addiction, and several impulse control disorders are equivalently considered as types of behavioral addiction. In this preliminary study with a relatively small sample size, we investigated how decision-making and judgment were compromised in behavioral addiction to further characterize this psychiatric condition. Method Healthy control subjects (n = 31) and patients with kleptomania and paraphilia as behavioral addictions (n = 16) were recruited. A battery of questionnaires for assessments of cognitive biases and economic decision-making were conducted, as was a psychological test for the assessment of the jumping-to-conclusions bias, using functional near-infrared spectroscopy recordings of prefrontal cortical (PFC) activity. Results Although behavioral addicts exhibited stronger cognitive biases than controls in the questionnaire, the difference was primarily due to lower intelligence in the patients. Behavioral addicts also exhibited higher risk taking and worse performance in economic decision-making, indicating compromised probability judgment, along with diminished PFC activity in the right hemisphere. Conclusion Our study suggests that behavioral addiction may involve impairments of probability judgment associated with attenuated PFC activity, which consequently leads to higher risk taking in decision-making.

Economic decision making under conditions of extreme time pressure and option overload: an eye-tracking study

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Reutskaja ◽  
Johannes Pulst-Korenberg ◽  
Rosemarie Nagel ◽  
Colin F. Camerer ◽  
Antonio Rangel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Economic Decision ◽  
Economic Decision Making

The Effect of Suppressing Negative Emotion on Economic Decision-making

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 693-700
Author(s):  
Qin WANG ◽  
Xue-Jun BAI ◽  
Long-Jian GUO ◽  
De-Li SHEN
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Economic Decision ◽  
Economic Decision Making

FISCAL PESSIMISM IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE: TOCQUEVILLE'S CROSS REVISITED

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Isabel Cepeda ◽  
Pedro Fraile Balbín
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Income Redistribution ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Economic Decision ◽  
Modern School ◽  
Economic Decision Making ◽  
The Future

ABSTRACT This paper explores Alexis de Tocqueville's thought on fiscal political economy as a forerunner of the modern school of preference falsification and rational irrationality in economic decision making. A good part of the literature has misrepresented Tocqueville as an unconditional optimist regarding the future of fiscal moderation under democracy. Yet, although he initially shared the cautious optimism of most classical economists with respect to taxes under extended suffrage, Tocqueville's view turned more pessimistic in the second volume of his Democracy in America. Universal enfranchisement and democratic governments would lead to higher taxes, more intense income redistribution and government control. Under democracy, the continuous search for unconditional equality would eventually jeopardise liberty and economic growth.

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