Otitis media may not substantially increase risk of delayed speech development in typically developing children

2004 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Increase Risk

scholarly journals Distinct developmental profiles in typical speech acquisition

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (10) ◽  
pp. 2885-2900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennell C. Vick ◽  
Thomas F. Campbell ◽  
Lawrence D. Shriberg ◽  
Jordan R. Green ◽  
Hervé Abdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Development ◽  
Developmental Pathways ◽  
Subgroup Discovery ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Speech Acquisition ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Syllable Duration ◽  
High Level ◽  
Syllable Stress

Three- to five-year-old children produce speech that is characterized by a high level of variability within and across individuals. This variability, which is manifest in speech movements, acoustics, and overt behaviors, can be input to subgroup discovery methods to identify cohesive subgroups of speakers or to reveal distinct developmental pathways or profiles. This investigation characterized three distinct groups of typically developing children and provided normative benchmarks for speech development. These speech development profiles, identified among 63 typically developing preschool-aged speakers (ages 36–59 mo), were derived from the children's performance on multiple measures. These profiles were obtained by submitting to a k-means cluster analysis of 72 measures that composed three levels of speech analysis: behavioral (e.g., task accuracy, percentage of consonants correct), acoustic (e.g., syllable duration, syllable stress), and kinematic (e.g., variability of movements of the upper lip, lower lip, and jaw). Two of the discovered group profiles were distinguished by measures of variability but not by phonemic accuracy; the third group of children was characterized by their relatively low phonemic accuracy but not by an increase in measures of variability. Analyses revealed that of the original 72 measures, 8 key measures were sufficient to best distinguish the 3 profile groups.

Is chronic otitis media associated with differences in parental input at 12 months of age? An analysis of joint attention and directives

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
KRISTINE M. YONT and ◽  
CATHERINE E. SNOW ◽  
LYNNE VERNON–FEAGANS
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Joint Attention ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Language Outcomes ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Communication Development ◽  
Parental Input

A rather robust literature exists that views children's language development in the context of interactions with adults. This literature generally focuses on typically developing children and suggests that joint attention facilitates communication development whereas directives do not. In order to understand the crucial features of input supporting language acquisition, research must examine children in less than optimal conditions, including children with chronic otitis media (OM). Controversy exists regarding the outcomes of children with OM, and we argue that parental input is an important factor often neglected in research that may mediate language outcomes. The current study investigates whether parents interact differently with their 12-month-old children based upon children's OM status. The results indicate that parents of chronically affected children direct attention more often and engage in fewer joint attentional episodes than parents of nonchronically affected children. Findings suggest that chronic OM has a localized affect on attentional interactions, the forms of input consistently implicated in language acquisition. Thus, children with OM may receive less than optimal input than peers.

Speech development between 30 and 119 months in typical children II: Articulation rate growth curves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristan Mahr ◽  
Jennifer U. Soriano ◽  
Paul J. Rathouz ◽  
Katherine Hustad
Keyword(s):  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Articulation Rate ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normative Growth ◽  
Utterance Length

Purpose: We aimed to develop normative growth curves for articulation rate during sentence repetition for typically developing children. Our primary goal was the development of quantile/percentile growth curves, so that typical variation in articulation rate with age could be estimated. We also estimated when children became adultlike in their articulation rate and we examined the contributions of age and utterance length to articulation rate.Method: This cross-sectional study involved collection of in-person speech samples from 570 typically developing children (297 girls; 273 boys) who passed speech, language, and hearing screening measures. Pauses greater than 150 ms in duration were removed from the samples, and articulation rate was measured in syllables per second (sps).Results: Articulation rate reliably increased with age and utterance length. Rate in all key percentiles increased with age. The median rate (50th percentile) increased from 2.7 sps at 36 months to 3.3 sps at 96 months. The 5th percentile increased from 2.3 to 3.1 sps over the same age range. Using 3.2 sps as a benchmark for adultlike speech, we found the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles reached adultlike rates at 99, 75, and 53 months, respectively.Conclusions: Articulation rate increases from early childhood into middle childhood, and it is generally adultlike by 10 years of age. Variability in articulation rate among typical children was substantial. Implications for prior research and for clinical usage are discussed.

scholarly journals Beginning to Talk Like an Adult: Increases in Speech-Like Utterances in Young Cochlear Implant Recipients and Typically Developing Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Ertmer ◽  
Jongmin Jung ◽  
Diana True Kloiber
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Vocal Development ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Auditory Deprivation ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Device Use

PurposeSpeech-like utterances containing rapidly combined consonants and vowels eventually dominate the prelinguistic and early word productions of typically developing (TD) toddlers. It seems reasonable to expect a similar phenomenon in young recipients of cochlear implants (CIs). The authors of this study sought to determine the number of months of robust hearing experience needed to achieve a majority of speech-like utterances in both of these groups.MethodSpeech samples were recorded from CI recipients at 3-month intervals during the first 2 years of CI experience, and from TD children at time points between 6 and 24 months of age. Speech-like utterances were operationally defined as those belonging to the basic canonical syllables (BCS) or advanced forms (AF) levels of the Consolidated Stark Assessment of Early Vocal Development—Revised (Ertmer, Young, & Nathani, 2007).ResultsOn average, the CI group achieved a majority of speech-like utterances after 12 months of robust hearing experience and the TD group after 18 months. The CI group produced greater percentages of speech-like utterances at each interval until 24 months, when both groups approximated 80%.ConclusionAuditory deprivation did not limit progress in vocal development as young CI recipients showed more-rapid-than-typical speech development during the first 2 years of device use. Implications for the infraphonological model of speech development are considered.

scholarly journals Speech Development Between 30 and 119 Months in Typical Children II: Articulation Rate Growth Curves

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Tristan J. Mahr ◽  
Jennifer U. Soriano ◽  
Paul J. Rathouz ◽  
Katherine C. Hustad
Keyword(s):  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Articulation Rate ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normative Growth ◽  
Utterance Length

Purpose We aimed to develop normative growth curves for articulation rate during sentence repetition for typically developing children. Our primary goal was the development of quantile/percentile growth curves so that typical variation in articulation rate with age could be estimated. We also estimated when children became adultlike in their articulation rate, and we examined the contributions of age and utterance length to articulation rate. Method This cross-sectional study involved collection of in-person speech samples from 570 typically developing children (297 girls; 273 boys) who passed speech, language, and hearing screening measures. Pauses greater than 150 ms in duration were removed from the samples, and articulation rate was measured in syllables per second (sps). Results Articulation rate reliably increased with age and utterance length. Rate in all key percentiles increased with age. The median rate (50th percentile) increased from 2.7 sps at 36 months to 3.3 sps at 96 months. The 5th percentile increased from 2.3 to 3.1 sps over the same age range. Using 3.2 sps as a benchmark for adultlike speech, we found the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles reached adultlike rates at 99, 75, and 53 months, respectively. Conclusions Articulation rate increases from early childhood into middle childhood, and it is generally adultlike by 10 years of age. Variability in articulation rate among typical children was substantial. Implications for prior research and for clinical usage are discussed.

scholarly journals Fricative Contrast and Coarticulation in Children With and Without Speech Sound Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2S) ◽  
pp. 649-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Maas ◽  
Marja-Liisa Mailend
Keyword(s):  
Speech Sound ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Speech Sound Disorders ◽  
Childhood Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acoustic Measures ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Purpose The purpose of this study was, first, to expand our understanding of typical speech development regarding segmental contrast and anticipatory coarticulation, and second, to explore the potential diagnostic utility of acoustic measures of fricative contrast and anticipatory coarticulation in children with speech sound disorders (SSD). Method In a cross-sectional design, 10 adults, 17 typically developing children, and 11 children with SSD repeated carrier phrases with novel words with fricatives (/s/, /ʃ/). Dependent measures were 2 ratios derived from spectral mean, obtained from perceptually accurate tokens. Group analyses compared adults and typically developing children; individual children with SSD were compared to their respective typically developing peers. Results Typically developing children demonstrated smaller fricative acoustic contrast than adults but similar coarticulatory patterns. Three children with SSD showed smaller fricative acoustic contrast than their typically developing peers, and 2 children showed abnormal coarticulation. The 2 children with abnormal coarticulation both had a clinical diagnosis of childhood apraxia of speech; no clear pattern was evident regarding SSD subtype for smaller fricative contrast. Conclusions Children have not reached adult-like speech motor control for fricative production by age 10 even when fricatives are perceptually accurate. Present findings also suggest that abnormal coarticulation but not reduced fricative contrast is SSD-subtype–specific. Supplemental Materials S1: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5103070 . S2 and S3: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5106508

Age Norms for Auditory-Perceptual Neurophonetic Parameters: A Prerequisite for the Assessment of Childhood Dysarthria

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1071-1082
Author(s):  
Theresa Schölderle ◽  
Elisabet Haas ◽  
Wolfram Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Age Norms ◽  
Elementary School Age ◽  
Speech Characteristics ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Computer Based

Purpose The aim of this study was to collect auditory-perceptual data on established symptom categories of dysarthria from typically developing children between 3 and 9 years of age, for the purpose of creating age norms for dysarthria assessment. Method One hundred forty-four typically developing children (3;0–9;11 [years;months], 72 girls and 72 boys) participated. We used a computer-based game specifically designed for this study to elicit sentence repetitions and spontaneous speech samples. Speech recordings were analyzed using the auditory-perceptual criteria of the Bogenhausen Dysarthria Scales, a standardized German assessment tool for dysarthria in adults. The Bogenhausen Dysarthria Scales (scales and features) cover clinically relevant dimensions of speech and allow for an evaluation of well-established symptom categories of dysarthria. Results The typically developing children exhibited a number of speech characteristics overlapping with established symptom categories of dysarthria (e.g., breathy voice, frequent inspirations, reduced articulatory precision, decreased articulation rate). Substantial progress was observed between 3 and 9 years of age, but with different developmental trajectories across different dimensions. In several areas (e.g., respiration, voice quality), 9-year-olds still presented with salient developmental speech characteristics, while in other dimensions (e.g., prosodic modulation), features typically associated with dysarthria occurred only exceptionally, even in the 3-year-olds. Conclusions The acquisition of speech motor functions is a prolonged process not yet completed with 9 years. Various developmental influences (e.g., anatomic–physiological changes) shape children's speech specifically. Our findings are a first step toward establishing auditory-perceptual norms for dysarthria in children of kindergarten and elementary school age. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12133380

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