The Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Jordanian Healthcare Workers

Introduction: Healthcare workers face incomparable work and psychological demands that are amplified throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health care workers in Jordan. Method: A cross-sectional design was used. Data was collected using an online survey during the outbreak of COVID-19. Results: Overall, of the 312 healthcare workers, almost 38% and 36% presented with moderate to severe anxiety and depression consecutively. Nurses reported more severe symptoms than other healthcare workers. And both anxiety and depression were negatively correlated with well-being. Getting infected was not an immediate worry among healthcare workers; however, they were worried about carrying the virus to their families. Implications for Practice: Stakeholders must understand the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers and plan to provide them with the required psychological support and interventions at an early stage.

Exclusive Breastfeeding Related to Diarrhea Occurrence in Babies Aged 0-6 Months Old at Sudiang Community Health Center, Makassar

Exclusive breastfeeding is a condition in which infants are only given breast milk without the addition of other fluids and foods. until the baby reaches 6 months old. Breast milk strengthen the immune system in infants so they can avoid various diseases including diarrhea. This study aims to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of diarrhea in infants aged 0-6 months in the Sudiang Community Health Center. This research is an analytical survey research with a cross-sectional design. This research was conducted at the Sudiang Health Center, Makassar City in the period November 1st to December 31st, 2019. The total respondents were 89 mothers with babies aged 0-6 months. The results showed that most of the respondents were mothers with male babies (61%), most of the mothers' education was high school graduates (46%), housewives (75%) with low economic background (56%). Exclusive breastfeeding related to the incidence of diarrhea in children aged 0-6 months in the Sudiang Community Health Center with a value of p <0.05 (p = 0.001). In addition, no significant relationship on maternal nipple hygiene to diarrhea in children aged 0-6 months p <0.05 (p = 0.075). In conclusion, this study showed there is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of diarrhea in children aged 0-6 months in Sudiang Health Center. There is a relationship between hand hygiene and the incidence of diarrhea in children aged 0-6 months in Sudiang Health Center, Makassar.

Factors Related to Completeness of Basic Immunization During the Covid-19 Pandemic at PMB I.S Kebon Jeruk West Jakarta 2021

Diseases caused by infections are still a health problem in developing countries, including Indonesia. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2018, an estimated 19.9 million babies worldwide were not reached by routine immunization services. Around 60% of these children living in 10 countries including Indonesia are not immunized. One of the international commitments to improve the health status of children is the UCI (Universal Child Immunization) program, which is a state of achieving complete basic immunization for infants. Immunization. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design, using primary data with a sample of 108 mothers and infants and data analysis using chi-square. There was a significant relationship between nutritional status (p value = 0.040), baby's medical history (p value = 0.040), mother's knowledge (p value = 0.001), distance from home (p value = 0.044), health insurance (p value = 0.040) In conclusion, there is a significant relationship with all the variables studied, suggestions for mothers who have babies should immunize their children on time, considering that immunization is very important to equip their children with health in the future

Keterkaitan pola pangan harapan (PPH) dengan kejadian stunting pada balita

Background: Food security from the consumption pillar is reflected by the loyal ability of citizens to consume food that is sufficient in quantity and nutritional quality, safe, diverse and affordable. Consumption of adequate and nutritionally balanced food is a form that must be met to minimize nutritional problems including stunting.Objectives: This study aims to determine the relationship between the Expected Food Pattern (PPH) and the incidence of stunting in toddlers.Methods: The type of research used is observational research, using a cross sectional design. The research sample is 90 samples. The research location is in North Kluet District, Aceh Regency. Data analysis using SPSS Software Independent Test t-test. Research data will be presented in the form of univariate and bivariate analysis.Results: The results showed that there was no difference in the Expected Food Pattern (PPH) score between stunting toddlers and the PPH score for normal toddlers, the p value = 0.553 (p > 0.553).Conclusion: In conclusion, the PPH score in stunting toddlers with normal toddlers does not show a difference on average in North Kluet District, South Aceh.

Psychological Well-Being and Social Competence During Adolescence: Longitudinal Association Between the Two Phenomena

Despite previous research on adolescence points to an association between social competence and well-being, limited knowledge is available. Most studies have documented a one-way pattern of influence, although reciprocity has also been suggested. However, they mainly use a cross-sectional design, do not focus on psychological well-being, and do not use integrative and multidimensional constructs. From a eudaimonic approach to well-being and situation-specific to social competence, this study aimed to: (1) explore the factorial structure of the dimensions assessed; (2) analyse the longitudinal relationship between psychological well being and social competence during adolescence; and (3) examine psychological well-being and social competence levels and their stability over time. The sample consisted of 662 adolescents aged between 14 and 16 years old (Time 1 Mage = 14.63; SD = 0.64; 51% girls). Structural equation analysis confirmed the existence of second-order factors, showing evidence of a positive and bidirectional relationship between psychological well-being and social competence. Results also revealed medium–high levels in both constructs, which remained stable over time. These findings highlight the importance of promoting both psychological well-being and social competence to achieve successful, healthy development.

THE ROLE HEALTH OFFICERS AS A DETERMINING FACTOR FOR THE SUCCESSFUL MEASLES RUBELLA IMMUNIZATION IN THE WORK AREA OF THE RAWANG HEALTH CENTER, PADANG CITY

Background: The measles rubella (MR) immunization coverage rate in Padang City is only 30.82%, still far below Indonesia's national target of 95%. The coverage of measles rubella immunization at the Rawang Health Center is around 62.1%. This study aims to determine the role of health workers in the success of measles rubella immunization in the Rawang Public Health Center, Padang City. Methods: This study used a cross sectional design. The study was conducted in October 2018-July 2019. The research population is mothers who have children aged 12-59 months (toddlers) as many as 1807 respondents. The sampling method is proportional random sampling with a sample of 87 respondent. Data was collected by interview using a questionnaire. Results: The results showed that 37.9% of children under five had not been immunized against measles rubella and 44.8% of health workers had an unfavorable role. The results of the chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the role of officers in the success of measles rubella immunization (p-value=0.020). Recommendation: It is hoped that health workers can increase health promotion activities regarding the risks due to children not being immunized against measles rubella and intensify door-to-door programs in the implementation of measles rubella immunization

Response and Side Effects from Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya 2017

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease which mainly attacks synovial membrane and causes systemic manifestation. During treatment, controlling disease activity is needed to prevent further complication. On the other hand, medications used in the treatment of RA may bring various side effects. It is important to evaluate side effects from the given therapy.Methods: This study aimed to evaluate response and side effects of therapy in RA patients. The samples were collected from 59 RA patients at Rheumatology Division of Outpatient Clinic in Department of Internal Medicine Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in 2017. This study method was descriptive observational with cross sectional design using medical records.Results: Pain was reduced in 83.1% patients, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) increased in 61.4% patients, and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) decreased in 50% patients. Based on the statistic analysis, ESR decreased significantly (p = 0.012) while CRP decreased not significantly (p = 0.415). The side effects were observed from clinical and laboratory data. Based on clinical symptoms, there were alopecia in 1.7% patient, dyspepsia in 78% patients, infection in 27.1% patients, and other symptoms including itchy skin, neuropathy, hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia and Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Meanwhile, abnormalities in laboratory data include increased aspartate transaminase (AST) in 3.8% patients, increased alanine transaminase (ALT) in 26.1% patients, increased Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) in 7.9% patients, increased creatinine serum in 7.9% patients, decreased hemoglobin in 15.5% patients, and decreased leukocytes in 3.4% patients.Conclusion: Most patients had a good therapeutic response based on decreased pain, while ESR had a significant decrease and CRP did not have significant decrease. Side effects discovered in patients were various

Treatment Motivation in Lung Tuberculosis Patients at Public Health Centres in Denpasar City during COVID-19 Pandemic

Treatment motivation among patients were heavily influenced by duration of therapy and existing side effects. TB supervisors motivated patients in their therapy. Limited communication from TB supervisors due to COVID-19 pandemic risked lowering treatment motivation in TB patients. Objective: get a general description of treatment motivation in TB patients from PHC in Denpasar. Method: descriptive observational with cross-sectional design in March – August 2021 at five PHC in Denpasar area. This study was done online using questionnaire with Google Forms application. Motivation is grouped into low, moderate, and high based on scores from internal factors, external factors, confidence in treatment, and interpersonal help seeking. Results: 86% of patients (43 people) had high treatment motivation, 12% of patients (6 people) have moderate treatment motivation, and two percent of patients (1 people) had low treatment motivation. Summary: Most of TB patients had high treatment motivation (86%). Communication between TB supervisors and patients are highly advised to motivate patients and increase success rate of therapy. Keywords: [Anti tuberculosis drugs, Lung tuberculosis, Treatment motivation].

Sleep Duration Determines Excess Body Mass Index among Young Adults in Surabaya

Introduction: Lack of sleep duration is one of the risk factors that cause excess body mass index (BMI). One of the mechanisms are by regulating an increase in appetite and reducing the energy used. This study aimed to identify the relationship between sleep duration and excess BMI in young adults.Methods: This descriptive-analytic observational study with cross-sectional design was conducted on 70 respondents aged 18-25 years old. The primary outcomes measured were sleep duration and BMI. Sleep duration was grouped as <7 hours (short sleepers), and ≥7 hours. BMI was classified as 18.5-22.9 as normal, and ≥23 as excess BMI (including overweight and obesity) according to Asia-Pacific classification. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software.Results: The study showed that the prevalence of excess BMI was higher in respondents with sleep deprivation (<7 hours) of 67% compared to respondents with enough sleep of 33%. The average sleep duration was 42 minutes shorter on respondents with excess BMI with an average of 6.1 hours and 6.8 hours on normal-weight respondents. According to the results of the study, there was a significant relationship between sleep duration and excess BMI (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The study revealed that sleep duration was related with excess BMI in young adults.

Relationship of Exclusive Breastfeeding with History of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in Children Aged 0-24 Months in Siwalima Village in November 2021

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a respiratory infection that affect both upper or lower respiratory tracts. The virus or bacteria causes ARI which lasts for 14 days. Indonesia had the highest mortality rate for ARI, in 2008 around 36.4% children infected; in 2009 around 32.1%; in 2010 around 18.2%; and in 2011 around 38.8%. The prevalence of ARI in Siwalima Health Center around 3240 children in 2020. Breastfeeding has huge benefit for both moms and babies. The prevalence of breastfeeding in Indonesia is 66.1%, but there are two provinces, West Papua (34%) and Maluku (37.2%) that have not reach the target yet. The purpose of this study is to find out if there is a correlation between Exclusive breastfeeding with history of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in children in November 2021 in Siwalima Village, Aru Island, Maluku. This study uses observational analytical research methods, and cross- sectional design. The subject of this study are children age 0 - 24 months and lived in Siwalima Village. The sample of this study is using total sampling technic and there are 186 respondents. Questioners with yes or no answer are using in this study. The result of Spearman test showed that there was a correlation between Exclusive breastfeeding with history of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in children in November 2021 in Siwalima Village, Aru Island, Maluku with a p value 0.01 < a = 0.000. There are 84 respondent (45.2%) had ARI and 102 respondent (34.8%) didn’t, also 91 respondents (48.9%) didn’t receive exclusive breastfeeding and 95 respondent receive exclusive breastfeeding. With this study, it is hoped that exclusive breastfeeding can be increased, especially for children aged 0 – 6 months in order to prevent infection.