A taxonomy for secondary in-vehicle tasks based on eye glance and task completion time

Author(s):  
Myra Blanco ◽  
Jonathan M. Hankey ◽  
Jacqueline A. Chestnut
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongli Zhang ◽  
Panpan Li ◽  
Zhigang Zhou

The serious issue of energy consumption for high performance computing systems has attracted much attention. Performance and energy-saving have become important measures of a computing system. In the cloud computing environment, the systems usually allocate various resources (such as CPU, Memory, Storage, etc.) on multiple virtual machines (VMs) for executing tasks. Therefore, the problem of resource allocation for running VMs should have significant influence on both system performance and energy consumption. For different processor utilizations assigned to the VM, there exists the tradeoff between energy consumption and task completion time when a given task is executed by the VMs. Moreover, the hardware failure, software failure and restoration characteristics also have obvious influences on overall performance and energy. In this paper, a correlated model is built to analyze both performance and energy in the VM execution environment given the reliability restriction, and an optimization model is presented to derive the most effective solution of processor utilization for the VM. Then, the tradeoff between energy-saving and task completion time is studied and balanced when the VMs execute given tasks. Numerical examples are illustrated to build the performance-energy correlated model and evaluate the expected values of task completion time and consumed energy.


Author(s):  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Neal Wiggermann

The brake pedal on hospital beds is critical during bed maneuvering, however, substantial force and awkward postures are usually required during pedal engagement tasks. Nine professional caregivers were recruited to investigate how brake pedal horizontal location affected maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force, acceptable force to engage the pedal (AFE), force efficiency and task completion time. The results demonstrated reduced MVC, AFE and force efficiency whereas increased task completion time with greater pedal depths. Pedal depth was significantly correlated with MVC, force efficiency and task completion time and these correlations are moderate (0.25≤r<0.50) or good (0.50≤r<075). These findings provide important information for hospital bed design.


1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian C. Hayes ◽  
Ko Kurokawa ◽  
Walter W. Wierwille

This research was undertaken, in part, to determine the magnitudes of performance decrements associated with automotive instrument panel tasks as a function of driver age. Driver eye scanning and dwell time measures and task completion measures were collected while 24 drivers aged 18 to 72 performed a variety of instrument panel tasks as each drove an instrumented vehicle along preselected routes. The results indicated a monotonically increasing relationship between driver age and task completion time and the number of glances to the instrument panel. Mean glance dwell times, either to the roadway or the instrument, were not significantly different among the various age groups. The nature of these differences for the various task categories used in the present study was examined.


Author(s):  
Myra Blanco ◽  
Jonathan M. Hankey ◽  
Jacqueline A. Chestnut

The objective of this research was to develop an initial taxonomy that grouped similar secondary in-vehicle tasks based on driving-related performance measures. This type of taxonomy would be useful to system designers when developing in-vehicle tasks and to researchers. Research was conducted using 2 infotainment systems, 17 tasks, and 89 participants to develop and validate an initial taxonomy. The results indicate that the 17 tasks could be parsed into four distinct groups ranging from selecting an AM band to destination entry. The groupings are based on number of glances and task completion time, which provided the best separation between the groups and consistent results for both static and dynamic testing.


2021 ◽  
pp. 101395
Author(s):  
Om-Kolsoom Shahryari ◽  
Hossein Pedram ◽  
Vahid Khajehvand ◽  
Mehdi Dehghan TakhtFooladi

Author(s):  
Justin M. Haney ◽  
Mary Owczarczak ◽  
Clive D’Souza ◽  
Monica L. H. Jones ◽  
Matthew P. Reed

Three healthy individuals participated in a laboratory experiment that required routing a thin continuous thread through a series of pulleys mounted on a vertical work surface. Task precision demand was manipulated by altering pulley outer diameter (38 mm, 76 mm, and 152 mm) and groove width (3 mm, 6 mm, and 9 mm). The target location of each destination pulley relative to the origin at the mid-sagittal plane was also manipulated. These factors were hypothesized to influence hand motion trajectories, peak speed, and task completion time. Smaller pulley diameters and larger groove widths, representing lower precision demands, were associated with smoother trajectories and a faster task completion time. These preliminary findings suggest a systematic influence of task precision demands on movement kinematics and task performance.


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