The role of real-life experience on visual processing in the pigeon

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wilkinson ◽  
Ludwig Huber
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Real Life

scholarly journals The importance of SHBG and calculated free testosterone for the diagnosis of symptomatic hypogonadism in HIV-infected men: a single-centre real-life experience

Infection ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letizia Chiara Pezzaioli ◽  
Eugenia Quiros-Roldan ◽  
Simone Paghera ◽  
Teresa Porcelli ◽  
Filippo Maffezzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Experience ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Sexual Symptoms ◽  
Low Testosterone ◽  
Gonadal Status ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Abstract Purpose The prevalence of low testosterone and symptoms of hypogonadism in HIV-infected men is still debated. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and type of hypogonadism in HIV-infected males complaining about sexual symptoms, and to evaluate the role of calculated free testosterone (cFT) vs total testosterone (TT) for diagnosis. Furthermore, we evaluated relationship between sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), gonadal status and clinical and virologic parameters. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 169 HIV-infected men with sexual symptoms, with TT available. Among them, we selected 94 patients with TT, SHBG, cFT, and luteinizing hormone (LH) available, and classified hypogonadism into overt (low TT and/or low cFT) and compensated (high LH, normal TT and cFT). Comparison was performed by non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test and Spearman’s correlation was calculated to verify the possible associations. Results Overt and compensated hypogonadism were found in 20.2% and 13.8% of patients, respectively. With reliance on TT alone, only 10.6% of patients would have met diagnosis. SHBG values were elevated in one third of patients, and higher in men with compensated hypogonadism. Significant positive correlation was found between SHBG and HIV infection duration, TT and LH. Conclusion Only a complete hormonal profile can properly diagnose and classify hypogonadism in HIV-infected men complaining about sexual symptoms. TT alone reliance may lead to half of diagnoses missing, while lack of gonadotropin prevents the identification of compensated hypogonadism. This largely comes from high SHBG, which seems to play a central role in the pathogenesis of hypogonadism in this population.

scholarly journals Gender dysphoria: recognition and assessment

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Eden ◽  
Kevan Wylie ◽  
Emily Watson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Mental Health Professional ◽  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Gender Identity Disorder ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
And Gender

SummaryThe role of the mental health professional, and of the psychiatrist in particular, is evolving and changing. As the recognition of transsexualism and gender identity disorder expands across the transgender spectrum, it has been recommended that gender dysphoria should replace existing diagnostic terminology. Patient-focused care is evolving and this article considers the limitations of current healthcare settings and how the mental health professional can support patients undergoing the real-life experience. Differentiation from other mental health conditions that may present as gender dysphoria is outlined, as well as specific clinical situations.

scholarly journals Managing Student Self-Disclosure in Class Settings: Lessons from Feminist Pedagogy

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Borshuk
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Feminist Pedagogy ◽  
Class Discussion ◽  
Classroom Setting ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Personal Experiences

The present article describes difficulties and opportunities associated with students’ disclosure of their personal experiences in university class settings. In classes that deal with topics such as violence, racism, family dynamics, mental health or social justice, students with first-hand experience of these topics can bring valuable real-life experience to class discussion. However, bringing intimate information to class may also raise issues of appropriate boundaries and the role of the classroom setting for sharing potentially upsetting information. Drawing on principles of feminist pedagogy and using examples from classes I teach about women and psychology, I detail the challenges related to students’ personal biographies and beliefs about their experiences, and outline some strategies that may usefully find balance between respecting their experiences and providing a learning environment while teaching about the values and ethics of an academic discipline.

Role of Liver Stiffness Measurement in Predicting HCC Occurrence in Direct-Acting Antivirals Setting: A Real-Life Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 3013-3019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Rinaldi ◽  
Maria Guarino ◽  
Alessandro Perrella ◽  
Pia Clara Pafundi ◽  
Giovanna Valente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Experience ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Liver Stiffness Measurement ◽  
Stiffness Measurement ◽  
Direct Acting

scholarly journals Emotion and the affective turn: Towards an integration of cognition and affect in real life experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornel W. Du Toit
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Context Change ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Physical Level ◽  
Trigger Mechanisms ◽  
Close Interrelationship ◽  
Internet Databases

Emotion is caused by many factors, some of which are evolutionary, neurological, chemical, environmental, societal, personal and religious. Mostly, however, we are oblivious of the causal factors, many of which may function on a biological level or subconsciously, although the emotional effect is experienced physically and consciously. Emotions change as the trigger mechanisms in the cultural context change. This usually happens unnoticed over long periods. Internet databases have now made it possible to study the use of emotive words; this point is discussed. Of particular interest is the interaction between emotion and reason. Models that reduce emotion to the physical level are scrutinised critically. Reason is not emotionless and emotion is not always irrational. The close interrelationship of emotion and reason often makes it difficult to distinguish accurately between the two. The so-called affective turn takes cognisance of cultural, social, religious and other environmental factors; this broader approach clarifies the importance of affect’s role in rationality. One way of viewing emotion and affect is to look at the accompanying language; here the role of metaphor and narrative is pertinent. The traditional elevation of reason above emotion is examined critically as part of the affective turn that broadens the meaning and scope of emotions. I focus on the role of emotion in religion and factors that influence it, and explore the accent of affect in new spiritualities.

Top-Down Processing and Visual Reorientation Illusions in a Virtual Reality Environment

2004 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred W. Mast ◽  
Charles M. Oman
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Perceptual Cues ◽  
Virtual Reality Environment ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Processing Mechanisms

The role of top-down processing on the horizontal-vertical line length illusion was examined by means of an ambiguous room with dual visual verticals. In one of the test conditions, the subjects were cued to one of the two verticals and were instructed to cognitively reassign the apparent vertical to the cued orientation. When they have mentally adjusted their perception, two lines in a plus sign configuration appeared and the subjects had to evaluate which line was longer. The results showed that the line length appeared longer when it was aligned with the direction of the vertical currently perceived by the subject. This study provides a demonstration that top-down processing influences lower level visual processing mechanisms. In another test condition, the subjects had all perceptual cues available and the influence was even stronger.

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