Wisdom Therapy: Anger Reduction Outcomes Derived From Transpersonal Development

We evaluated whether narrating anger-provoking events promoted learning from those events, as compared with other responses to anger, and whether the effectiveness of narrative depended on age. In addition, we tested relations between anger reduction and learning and, in a subset of participants, between narrative quality and learning. A sample of 248 young people (eight to 17 years old) recalled an anger-provoking experience and were randomly assigned to one of four activities: recalling the event a second time; narrating the event; and distraction (via video game play or conversation). The young people then recalled the event one last time, and rated the extent to which they had learned from that event. Younger children reported more learning when they had narrated their experience. Youths reported more learning when they had narrated the event more frequently prior to participation. Stronger reductions in anger following regulation were associated with greater self-reported learning. Finally, more elaborative and less resolved narratives were associated with greater self-reported learning.

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How do adult twins experience and view their identity?

Consciousness, Spirituality & Transpersonal Psychology ◽

10.53074/cstp.2021.24 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 16-30

Author(s):

Madhuri Fichtmüller

Keyword(s):

Identity Development ◽

Identity Formation ◽

Personal Experience ◽

Ego Development ◽

Research Literature ◽

Intuitive Inquiry ◽

Transpersonal Development ◽

Adult Identity ◽

Adult Twins ◽

Participant Perspectives

Adult identity formation and individuation have been well documented in psychological and world spiritual literature. Identity and individuation differ for twins because of their physiological and psychological connection. Although the literature has to some extent explored twin identity at prepersonal and personal stages of ego development, little research literature exists which looks to unravel transpersonal phases of twins’ individuation. With a focus on transpersonal development, this research used intuitive inquiry to investigate “How adult twins experience and view their identity.” Individual twins derived from a single ovum (monozygotic) and from two separate ova (dizygotic), were interviewed to understand their personal experience of their identity development. The researcher’s own experience of twin identity was reported through embodied writing and poetry. Results allowed for the formation of an emerging model of Twin Identity Development, which outlined a possible trajectory for twin identity development, introducing the transpersonal as a connecting thread between the prepersonal and personal twin identity. Participant perspectives on identity development indicated the possibility for twins to embrace both an individual and a joint identity and in some cases, transcend both. Embracing all aspects of both identities created a sense of wholeness for twins. Further investigation into different twin identities and parenting of twins could validate the research.

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