Dimensions of Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Relation to Risky Driving Behaviors in Novice Drivers

Human errors cause approximately 90 percent of traffic accidents, and drivers with risky driving behaviors are involved in about 52 percent of severe traffic crashes. Driver education using driving simulators has been used extensively to obtain a quantitative evaluation of driving behaviors without causing drivers to be at risk for physical injuries. However, since many driver education programs that use simulators have limits on realistic interactions with surrounding vehicles, they are limited in reducing risky driving behaviors associated with surrounding vehicles. This study introduces surrogate safety measures (SSMs) into simulator-based training in order to evaluate the potential for crashes and to reduce risky driving behaviors in driving situations that include surrounding vehicles. A preliminary experiment was conducted with 31 drivers to analyze whether the SSMs could identify risky driving behaviors. The results showed that 15 SSMs were statistically significant measures to capture risky driving behaviors. This study used simulator-based training with 21 novice drivers, 16 elderly drivers, and 21 commercial drivers to determine whether a simulator-based training program using the SSMs is effective in reducing risky driving behaviors. The risky driving behaviors by novice drivers were reduced significantly with the exception of erratic lane-changing. In the case of elderly drivers, speeding was the only risky driving behavior that was reduced; the others were not reduced because of their difficulty with manipulating the pedals in the driving simulator and their defensive driving. Risky driving behaviors by commercial drivers were reduced overall. The results of this study indicated that the SSMs can be used to enhance drivers’ safety, to evaluate the safety of traffic management strategies as well as to reduce risky driving behaviors in simulator-based training.

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Using Real-Time and Post Hoc Feedback to Improve Driving Safety for Novice Drivers

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1541931213601441 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 1936-1940 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sheila G. Klauer ◽

Tina B. Sayer ◽

Peter Baynes ◽

Gayatri Ankem

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Driving Behavior ◽

Driving Safety ◽

Risky Driving ◽

Novice Drivers ◽

Safe Driving ◽

Driving Behaviors ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Risky Driving Behaviors

Introduction. Motor vehicle crashes remain the leading cause of fatalities among teens in the U.S. (National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 2013). Prior research suggests that real-time and post hoc feedback can improve teen driver behavior. The Driver Coach Study (DCS) aimed to improve teens’ safe driving habits by providing them real-time feedback and post hoc feedback to a broader range of risky driving behaviors that have never been used in previous studies. Exposure data were also collected so that rates of risky driving behaviors over time could be assessed. Post hoc feedback, which included an electronic report card of risky driving behavior as well as video clips, was provided to both teens and parents via email and secure website link. Method. Ninety-two teen/parent dyads were recruited in southwest Virginia to have a data acquisition system (DAS) installed in their vehicles within two weeks of receiving their learner’s permit. Data were collected through the nine-month (minimum) learner’s permit phase plus seven months of provisional licensure. Feedback was only provided for the first six months of post licensure, then turned off to assess whether teenagers returned to unsafe driving behavior. Trained data coders reviewed 15 seconds of video surrounding each risky driving maneuver, and recorded driver errors such as poor vehicle control, poor speed selection, drowsiness, etc., for each event. Results. In this paper, the relationship between driver coaching and driver errors will be examined across the six-month feedback phase and also compared to the seventh month when feedback was turned off. Conclusions. This study has implications for the design of future monitoring and feedback systems, as it is currently unknown whether these devices can improve novice drivers’ crash rates.

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Perceived Self-Efficacy and Risky Driving Behaviors

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024/1421-0185/a000027 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 69 (4) ◽

pp. 233-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Nolwenn Morisset ◽

Florence Terrade ◽

Alain Somat

Keyword(s):

Self Efficacy ◽

Risky Driving ◽

Driving Behaviors ◽

Conduite Automobile ◽

Risky Driving Behaviors

Les recherches dans le domaine de la santé, et notamment en matière de conduite automobile, attestent que le jugement subjectif du risque (comparatif et absolu) et l’auto-efficacité perçue sont impliqués dans les comportements à risque. Cette étude avait pour objectif d’étudier l’influence de l’auto-efficacité perçue sur le jugement subjectif du risque, évalué au moyen d’une mesure indirecte, et de tester le rôle médiateur de ce facteur entre l’auto-efficacité perçue et les comportements auto-déclarés. Les participants, 90 hommes, lisaient deux scénarii décrivant les deux comportements les plus impliqués dans l’accidentologie: la vitesse et l’alcool au volant. Les résultats ne montrent pas de lien significatif entre l’auto-efficacité perçue et le score de jugement comparatif mais une relation significative avec les deux évaluations absolues du risque (autrui et soi). De plus, le jugement absolu du risque pour soi médiatise partiellement la relation entre auto-efficacité perçue et comportements auto-déclarés relatifs aux deux risques routiers étudiés.

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