Effect of interstimulus intervals and rest-period length upon habituation of the orienting response.

1966 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Geer
Keyword(s):  
Rest Period ◽  
Orienting Response ◽  
Period Length ◽  
Interstimulus Intervals

Primacy Effect in Orienting Responses to Auditory Stimuli of Tones and Music

1976 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 919-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor B. Simon
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Orienting Response ◽  
Primacy Effect ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
Interstimulus Intervals ◽  
Music Stimulus

This 26 factorial experiment investigated the primacy effect in the orienting response. The type of stimuli (tone or “music”), stimulus intensities (loud or soft), length of adaptation period (same, 5 or 30 sec.; or different, 5 min.), interstimulus intervals (5 or 30 sec.), and sex were studied. College students, 32 males and 32 females were randomly assigned to each group. In the same condition, the tone (or music) was soft (or loud) for 5 sec. (or 30 sec.) in adaptation and was then changed alternately without interruption to loud, soft, etc. (or soft, loud, etc.) for 5 sec. (or 30 sec.). The different condition was identical except for the length of the adaptation period in which the stimuli sounded continuously for 5 min. Analyses of the GSR manifestation of the orienting responses indicated: (a) an over-all primacy effect with the auditory stimuli and (b) the primacy effect occurred in the 5-sec.-same but not in the 30-sec.-same condition as predicted.

Manipulation of Rest Period Length Induces Different Causes of Fatigue in Vertical Jumping

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (05) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Pereira ◽  
C. Morse ◽  
C. Ugrinowitsch ◽  
A. Rodacki ◽  
E. Kokubun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rest Period ◽  
Period Length ◽  
Vertical Jumping

The manual orienting response habituation to repeated tactile stimuli in preterm neonates: Discrimination of stimulus locations and interstimulus intervals

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Dumont ◽  
Jan Bulla ◽  
Nicolas Bessot ◽  
Julie Gonidec ◽  
Marc Zabalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orienting Response ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Interstimulus Intervals ◽  
Response Habituation

Effect of Heart Rate Variability on Defensive Reaction and Eating Disorder Symptomatology in Chocolate Cravers

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Rodríguez-Ruiz ◽  
Elisabeth Ruiz-Padial ◽  
Nieves Vera ◽  
Carmen Fernández ◽  
Lourdes Anllo-Vento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Food Craving ◽  
Defensive Reaction ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptomatology ◽  
Uncontrolled Eating

The study examines the effect of heart rate variability (HRV) on the cardiac defence response (CDR) and eating disorder symptomatology in chocolate cravers. Female chocolate cravers (n = 36) and noncravers (n = 36) underwent a psychophysiological test to assess their HRV during a 5-min rest period, followed by three trials to explore the CDR, elicited by an intense white noise, during the viewing of chocolate, neutral, and unpleasant pictures. After the test, participants completed a questionnaire to measure eating disorder symptomatology. The HRV was inversely related to the magnitude of the CDR and to eating disorder symptomatology in chocolate cravers. In addition, the HRV was inversely related to the magnitude of the CDR when viewing unpleasant pictures but not to neutral or chocolate ones, across all participants. These findings support the idea that poor autonomic regulation, indexed by low HRV, plays a relevant role in food craving and uncontrolled eating behavior.

Speeded Probed Recall Is Affected by Grouping

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 385-394
Author(s):  
Sergio Morra ◽  
Valentina Epidendio
Keyword(s):  
Serial Order ◽  
Word Lists ◽  
Order Representation ◽  
Interstimulus Intervals ◽  
Gradient Models

Abstract. Most of the evidence from previous studies on speeded probed recall supported primacy-gradient models of serial order representation. Two experiments investigated the effect of grouping on speeded probed recall. Six-word lists, followed by a number between 1 and 6, were presented for speeded recall of the word in the position indicated by the number. Grouping was manipulated through interstimulus intervals. In both experiments, a significant Position × Grouping interaction was found in RT. It is concluded that the results are not consistent with models of order representation only based on a primacy gradient. Possible alternative representations of serial order are also discussed; a case is made for a holistic order representation.

Application of Information Introduced to Dynamic Message Processing and Enjoyment

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byungho Park ◽  
Rachel L. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Orienting Response ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Message Complexity ◽  
Cognitive Resource ◽  
Cognitive Overload

Abstract. In an effort to quantify message complexity in such a way that predictions regarding the moment-to-moment cognitive and emotional processing of viewers would be made, Lang and her colleagues devised the coding system information introduced (or ii). This coding system quantifies the number of structural features that are known to consume cognitive resources and considers it in combination with the number of camera changes (cc) in the video, which supply additional cognitive resources owing to their elicitation of an orienting response. This study further validates ii using psychophysiological responses that index cognitive resource allocation and recognition memory. We also pose two novel hypotheses regarding the confluence of controlled and automatic processing and the effect of cognitive overload on enjoyment of messages. Thirty television advertisements were selected from a pool of 172 (all 20 s in length) based on their ii/cc ratio and ratings for their arousing content. Heart rate change over time showed significant deceleration (indicative of increased cognitive resource allocation) for messages with greater ii/cc ratios. Further, recognition memory worsened as ii/cc increased. It was also found that message complexity increases both automatic and controlled allocations to processing, and that the most complex messages may have created a state of cognitive overload, which was received as enjoyable by the participants in this television context.

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