Preliminary Trial of a Three-Dimensional Classification of Occupations.

1964 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Glick
First Monday ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Toyama

In anticipation of the various and imminent limits to global consumption-based growth, some quarters of the technology industry have begun to consider the novel use of computing to prevent, postpone, alleviate, or recover from a crisis in what could be called “sustainable computing.” There is, however, a great danger that certain inclinations of the technology sector will undermine the very goals of sustainability and resilience that such efforts claim to seek.This paper outlines a preliminary taxonomy of value for sustainable computing projects. The taxonomy suggests a three-dimensional classification of projects in terms of their impact on, intention toward, and effort required for sustainability. By making explicit an evaluative framework by which computing might and might not contribute to sustainability goals, the hope is that future work will tend toward projects that are genuinely helpful.


1973 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 183-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Straižys

The programs of three-dimensional classification of stars using eight-color intermediate band photometric system are described. They include (1) investigation of interstellar reddening and absorption in the direction of objects significant from point of view of stellar evolution, (2) investigation of spatial distribution of stars of different spectral classes, luminosities and chemical composition, (3) the detection of unique objects.


Spine ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana P. Sangole ◽  
Carl-Eric Aubin ◽  
Hubert Labelle ◽  
Ian A. F. Stokes ◽  
Lawrence G. Lenke ◽  
...  

1973 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 125-126
Author(s):  
K. M. Yoss

Three-dimensional classification of late-type stars is obtained through computer-processed digitized microphotometer data. Plate transmissions are converted to relative intensity through spot-sensitometer calibration data. A pseudo-continuum consisting of several straight-line segments is formed by connecting high points in the spectrum. Absorption-line strengths and line ratios are then measured. The temperature-and-luminosity-sensitive ratios are relatively insensitive to seeing effects. For plates with a dispersion of 108 Å mm-1, preliminary results indicate an accuracy in derived absolute magnitude comparable to, and possibly better than, that of MK classification.The CN anomaly serves as the abundance index. The CN index was defined in a manner to give the largest figure of merit (the ratio of total range of the index to the mean error). The adopted method is the same as that of Yoss and Lutz (1971) and has a figure of merit over twice that of the index similar to that of Griffin and Redman (1960).For field stars, plate X and Y positions are converted to equatorial coordinates and printed out in order of increasing right ascension, making quick and easy identification of the Henry Draper numbers.


Spine ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 923-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Duong ◽  
Farida Cheriet ◽  
Hubert Labelle

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Pasha ◽  
Victor Ho-Fung ◽  
Malcolm Eker ◽  
Sarah Nossov ◽  
Michael Francavilla

Abstract Background Classification of the spinal deformity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) remains two-dimensional (2D) as the spinal radiographs remain the mainstay in clinical evaluation of the disease. 3D classification systems are proposed, however are time consuming. We here aim to evaluate the clinical application of a 3D classification system by the use of only posterior-anterior and lateral radiographs in Lenke 1 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods Forty Lenke 1 AIS were classified by five observers following a three-step flowchart, developed based on our previous 3D classification system. This 3D classification characterizes the curve in the frontal and sagittal views and infers the third dimension with rules based on prior data to determine the 3D subtypes of the curve. Repeated rating was performed for 20 randomly selected patients in the same cohort. In addition to the classification by the raters, the 3D model of the spines were generated to determine the actual curve subtype based on the algorithm that was originally used to develop the 3D classification system. The interobserver and intraobserver reliability and the classification accuracy were determined for both 3D and axial classifications of the cohort. Results The interobserver reliability was moderate to strong with a kappa value between 0.61–0.89 for 3D and axial classifications. Comparing the mathematical classification and the raters’ classification, the classification accuracy among all raters ranged between 56 and 89%. Conclusion We evaluated the reliability of a previously developed 3D classification system for Lenke 1 AIS patients when only two-view spinal radiographs are available. Radiologists and orthopedic surgeons were able to identify the 3D subtypes of Lenke 1 AIS from the patients’ radiographs with moderate to strong reliability. The new 3D classification has the potential to identify the subtypes of the Lenke 1 AIS without a need for quantitative 3D image post-processing.


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