Correlates of the nicotine metabolite ratio in Alaska Native people who smoke cigarettes.

Collaborative partnerships are a useful approach to improve health conditions of disadvantaged populations. The Ventanillas de Salud (VDS) (“Health Windows”) and Mobile Health Units (MHUs) are a collaborative initiative of the Mexican government and US public health organizations that use mechanisms such as health fairs and mobile clinics to provide health information, screenings, preventive measures (eg, vaccines), and health services to Mexican people, other Hispanic people, and underserved populations (eg, American Indian/Alaska Native people, geographically isolated people, uninsured people) across the United States. From 2013 through 2019, the VDS served 10.5 million people (an average of 1.5 million people per year) at Mexican consulates in the United States, and MHUs served 115 461 people from 2016 through 2019. We describe 3 community outreach projects and their impact on improving the health of Hispanic people in the United States. The first project is an ongoing collaboration between VDS and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to address occupational health inequities among Hispanic people. The second project was a collaboration between VDS and CDC to provide Hispanic people with information about Zika virus infection and health education. The third project is a collaboration between MHUs and the University of Arizona to provide basic health services to Hispanic communities in Pima and Maricopa counties, Arizona. The VDS/MHU model uses a collaborative approach that should be further assessed to better understand its impact on both the US-born and non–US-born Hispanic population and the public at large in locations where it is implemented.

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Prevalence of Fracture and Osteoporosis Risk Factors in American Indian and Alaska Native People

Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved ◽

10.1353/hpu.2012.0110 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 1157-1173 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tracy Frech ◽

Khe-ni Ma ◽

Elizabeth D. Ferrucci ◽

Anne P. Lanier ◽

Molly McFadden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

American Indian ◽

Alaska Native ◽

Native People ◽

Osteoporosis Risk Factors ◽

Osteoporosis Risk

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Discovering unique tobacco use patterns among Alaska Native people

International Journal of Circumpolar Health ◽

10.3402/ijch.v72i0.21208 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. 21208 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Julia A. Dilley ◽

Erin Peterson ◽

Vanessa Y. Hiratsuka ◽

Kristen Rohde

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Alaska Native ◽

Native People ◽

Use Patterns

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Opioid Use and Rate of Nicotine Metabolism Among Pregnant Smokers

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntz073 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 1046-1050 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Cheryl Oncken ◽

Erin L Mead ◽

Ellen A Dornelas ◽

Chia-Ling Kuo ◽

Heather Z Sankey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Methadone Maintenance ◽

Nicotine Metabolism ◽

Opioid Use ◽

Pregnant Smokers ◽

Metabolite Ratio ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Opioid Users ◽

Nicotine Metabolite Ratio

Abstract Introduction Smokers who use opioids smoke more cigarettes per day (CPD) than non-opioid users, which could be due to the effects of opioids on nicotine metabolism. Moreover, nicotine metabolism increases during pregnancy, potentially making quitting more difficult for pregnant smokers. We examined nicotine metabolism and its association with opioid use (OU) and CPD in pregnant smokers. Methods We recruited pregnant women who smoked at least 5 CPD for a clinical trial of smoking cessation. Plasma nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR; trans-3′-hydroxycotinine (3HC)/cotinine)—a biomarker of nicotine metabolism—OU (involving methadone, buprenorphine, fentanyl, oxycodone, or tramadol), and CPD were assessed at baseline. We used linear regression to examine the associations between log-transformed NMR, OU, and CPD, adjusting for race/ethnicity and menthol smoking. Results Among 129 pregnant smokers, 25 (19%) were opioid users; most were maintained on methadone (n = 14). Compared to non-OU smokers, OU smokers had higher median CPD (10.0 vs. 7.0, p = .0007), serum 3HC (81.0 vs. 42.0 ng/mL, p = .0001), and NMR (0.63 vs. 0.43, p < .0001). In addition, methadone-maintained smokers had a higher median NMR than non-OU smokers (0.66 vs. 0.43, p = .0004). Adjusting for covariates, log-transformed NMR was greater in OU smokers (p = .012), specifically methadone-maintained smokers (p = .024), than non-OU smokers. Conclusions Our preliminary results show that OU is associated with a higher NMR in pregnant smokers. A larger study sample is needed to replicate this finding, examine potential mechanisms, and determine its clinical significance. Implications Among pregnant smokers, we observed that nicotine metabolism was significantly faster among opioid users—the majority of whom were on methadone maintenance—compared to nonusers, which could have implications for smoking cessation. Further studies are needed to replicate this finding, evaluate potential mechanisms, and determine its clinical significance.

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