scholarly journals Man and the Universe: a Study of the Influence of the Advance in Scientific Knowledge upon our Understanding of Christianity

Nature ◽  
1910 ◽  
Vol 82 (2102) ◽  
pp. 424-425
Author(s):  
T. P. N.
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
The Universe

Which is the Best Model of the Universe?

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-169
Author(s):  
Martin Sahlén
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Value Judgments ◽  
Statistical Framework ◽  
Philosophy Of Cosmology ◽  
Ultimate Explanation ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Framework Model ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
The Universe

Modern scientific cosmology pushes the boundaries of knowledge and the knowable. This is prompting questions on the nature of scientific knowledge, and the emergence of the new field “Philosophy of Cosmology.” One central issue is what defines a “good” model. I discuss how “good” models are conventionally chosen, and how those methods operate in data-sparse situations: enabling the implicit introduction of value judgments, which can determine inference and lead to inferential polarization, e.g., on the question of ultimate explanation. Additional dimensions for comparing models are needed. A three-legged comparison is proposed: evidence, elegance and beneficence. This explicitly considers the categories of criteria that are always at least implicitly used. A tentative path to an implementation of the proposed model comparison framework is presented. This extends the Bayesian statistical framework. Model comparison methodology is fertile ground for dialogue between the sciences and the humanities. The proposed framework might facilitate such a dialogue.

Tomás Saraceno and the Ethics of the Sublime in the Aerocene

2020 ◽  
pp. 203-228
Author(s):  
Joanna Page
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Artistic Expression ◽  
The Sublime ◽  
Peter Sloterdijk ◽  
Human Capacity ◽  
Jakob Von Uexküll ◽  
Von Uexküll ◽  
The Universe

This essay approaches a number of key works by the Argentine artist Tomás Saraceno (currently resident in Berlin) through the paradox of the sublime, which points simultaneously to the limits of the human and to the power of humans to overcome those limits. In Saraceno’s spiderweb exhibits and arachno concerts, we are offered both a perspective that suggests human transcendence and an experience of our perpetual entanglement with nature. Many of them are also transspecies cocreations, demonstrating the potential for multispecies sociality and aesthetic coproduction. Saraceno’s exploration of sensory worlds and his construction of foam-like architectures are discussed in the light of the work of Jakob von Uexküll and Peter Sloterdijk, respectively, which invite us to consider how human and nonhuman worlds are bound together in heterarchical and co-fragile relationships. In Saraceno’s work, it is our human capacity to reflect on the structure of the universe that reveals to us our indivisibility from it; equally paradoxically, it is human dominion over nature by means of scientific knowledge, technological inventiveness, and artistic expression that returns us to an experience of the interdependence that binds humans and nonhumans, and that suggests new possibilities for a future life-in-common.

The Moderate Fallibilism of Science

1970 ◽  
pp. 79-128
Author(s):  
Francis E. Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Adequate Representation ◽  
The Universe

This chapter considers how valuable scientific knowledge is, and how certain and permanent is the knowledge gained through this method. Peirce repeatedly and firmly asserts that scientific knowledge is not a completely certain and adequate representation of its object. Science never achieves the final and absolute formulation of the universe. Pierce calls the acknowledgment of this necessary limitation of scientific knowledge “fallibilism.” It is an attitude of reserve toward science, a deliberate withholding of a complete and final commitment toward the achievements of the scientific method. At the same time, there is a spirit of confidence in science, and an assurance that science really does converge on the truth. Peircean fallibilism, then, is not a complete distrust of scientific knowledge. Rather it is tempered by the reasoned conviction that scientific knowledge is the best knowledge we have, and that the method of the sciences is the only reliable method of settling opinion, hence why his attitude is considered a “moderate fallibilism.” This chapter considers the moderate fallibilism of science as a consequent of the method of the sciences, and of the object which the sciences study, namely, the universe.

Cyber Behavior in Marketing

2012 ◽  
pp. 477-488
Author(s):  
Kaan Varnali
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Enhance Efficiency ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Tremendous Impact

Emerging online environments not only provide the most pertinent tools to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in a variety of daily and business-oriented tasks, but also drive and shape expectations, norms, lifestyle, and culture of the emerging crowd of postmodern consumers. These changes inflict a tremendous impact on the universe of marketing; hence, online human behavior has been drawing increasing attention from marketing scholars. The research of cyber behavior in marketing merits come from the relevant bodies of literature in multiple disciplines, including sociology, computer-mediated-communication, and Information Systems. The present chapter aims to present an overview of this accumulated scientific knowledge and highlight latest research trends on human behavior in cyber environments with a marketing-oriented focus.

scholarly journals Maimonides’ Metaphysics and Cosmology in “The Guide for Perplexed” and in “The Epistle to the Sages of Marseille”

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-46
Author(s):  
Gennady Petrovich Andreev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Mathematical Proof ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Ontological Sense ◽  
The Universe

Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon (Maimonides) in the Second part of his main philosophical treatise The Guide for Perplexed analyzes geocentric cosmology which was for his epoch as paradigm. Also there he considers peripatetic ideas on Pre-eternity of the Universe and concept of multitude of worlds. He challenges and queries Post-Ptolemaic concept of epicycles what is so indistinctive for 12th century. Also two Medieval Jewish mysterious doctrines named Ma’ase Bereshit (Action of Creation) and Ma’ase Merqava (Action of Charriot) are analyzed by him in light of popular for Jewish High Middle Age interpretation as Physics and Metaphysics respectively. Mystical Talmudic teaching on Kise ha-Kavod (the Throne of [Divine] Glory) is interpreted as Peripatetic view on superlunary world. In The Epistle to the Sages of Marseille Maimonides sets some criteria up for rational faith and regards fundamental arguments against astrology by dividing pre-scientific cosmology and superstitions. He considers concept of rea’ya brura (pure viewing or clear proof) in epistemological and ontological sense. To rabbi Moshe logic of mathematical proof (and Pre-Scientific Knowledge at all) and sensual perception have got more weight than Biblical prophets literary words.

Tennyson and Teilhard : The Faith of in Memoriam

PMLA ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene R. August
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Spiritual Growth ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Religious Vision ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Pierre Teilhard De Chardin ◽  
Spiritual Energy ◽  
In Memoriam ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Knowledge Communication

Although often dismissed as a Victorian curiosity, the faith of Tennyson's In Memoriam anticipates the radically modern religious vision of Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. Both In Memoriam and Teilhard's The Phenomenon of Man stress the need for modern man to see the human phenomenon in the light of recent scientific knowledge. Both works portray the anxiety and doubt that such a vision entails; both works portray the shape that faith must take if man is to survive. Tennyson and Teilhard see modern doubt as stemming from the space-time malady: overwhelmed by the enormity of the universe, modern man fears his existence is both frail and futile. To counter this malady, both men develop a cosmic faith stressing love as the spiritual energy that drives evolution onward; the need for greater knowledge, communication, and spiritual growth; and an awareness of human survival after death. Translating this faith into Christian terms, both men see man's salvation in his efforts to evolve toward a cosmic Christ-that-is-to-be. Although Tennyson speaks as poet in mostly personal terms and Teilhard speaks as scientist-sage in more general terms, both men use art to lead the reader to Real Assent.

scholarly journals Dialogue Concerning Life: Abiogenesis, Biogenesis Or Creationism: Religious Response

PREDESTINASI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Peter O. O. Ottuh
Keyword(s):  
Origin Of Life ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Analytic Methods ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
The Universe

Life itself is a mystery, the how and when of life’s origin constitute a serious challenge to both religion and science. To the reasoning mind, the origination of life is an intellectual problem that needs intellectual resolution especially in the domains of science and religion.  To this extent, some scientific assumptions and postulations concerning the origin of life and the universe are found in a number of theories such as evolution, biogenesis, and abiogenesis among others. Obviously, all these theories pose serious challenges to most religious beliefs including the notion of creationism. In this paper, the historical and critical analytic methods were used to document and evaluate the various religious responses on the subject. The paper posits that religious adherents should acquit themselves with authentic religious beliefs and integrate them with authentic scientific knowledge.

Investigating perceptions of the structure and development of scientific knowledge in the context of a transformed organic chemistry lecture course

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 570-581
Author(s):  
A. A. Flaherty
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Science Education ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽  
Scientific Practices ◽  
Chemistry Students ◽  
Thinking Processes ◽  
K 12 ◽  
The Universe

Organic Chemistry, Life, the Universe and Everything (OCLUE) is an undergraduate lecture-based organic chemistry course that has been transformed in line with the vision for science education set out by the ‘Framework for K-12 Science Education: Practices, Crosscutting Concepts and Core Ideas’ (National Research Council, 2012). OCLUE is designed to progress students understanding of core ideas in organic chemistry through the use of scientific practices such as constructing explanations, predictions and models. The purpose of this study is to generate theory on how OCLUE students conceptualise the structure and development of scientific knowledge. Eleven students with diverse experiences and exam performances were interviewed. The data was collected and analysed in accordance with the tenants of constructivist grounded theory (Charmaz, 2000). OCLUE students conceptualised a hierarchical structure of scientific knowledge whereby behind claims and answers in science is important information that determines the validity of the claim or answer. Being adept in utilising this information was important to students in OCLUE as it provided them with the opportunity to account for why phenomena occur in organic chemistry. Students explained that the process of developing scientific knowledge is rarely straight-forward or pre-determined. Instead it was believed that scientists needed to piece together what they know in seemingly random ways in order to solve science puzzles. In the context of OCLUE, students explained that memorising information ahead of OCLUE exams was insufficient. Instead they had to synthesise and interrogate their prior understanding to figure out new problems encountered in OCLUE exams. Students attributed the efficacy of OCLUE's pedagogy to helping them engage in constructivist thinking processes that involved interrogating and applying their prior knowledge. This contributes to the understanding that OCLUE has set out a precedent organic chemistry course that can foster a more scientific way of learning science that contrasts students’ engagement in considerably arduous memorisation techniques.

scholarly journals Astronomical Publications

1988 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 210-212
Author(s):  
Philippe de la Cotardière
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
New Developments ◽  
The Universe

The glory of the heavens is available to everyone, and anyone, whatever their level of scientific knowledge, is able to appreciate their beauty, poetry and mystery. They are a window to the inaccessible and the unknown and have always attracted attention and aroused Man’s curiosity. This natural fascination for the universe is a precious card in the popularization of astronomy. Three centuries ago, Fontenelle knew how to exploit it in his Entretiens sur la pluralité des mondes, which made him famous. Many others followed him in the 18th and 19th centuries, of which Camille Flammarion may be mentioned especially. Printings of his famous Astronomie Populaire grossed 130000 copies between 1879 and 1924.Science nowadays does not arouse the same enthusiasm as it did in Flammarion’s day. Since the development of astrophysics, astronomy has become ever more complex, making the task of those who wish to explain new developments more difficult.

TYPOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS IN THE SCIENCE OF CULTURE: FOUNDATIONS AND PROSPECTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Audra Kristina I. Zabulionite ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
World History ◽  
Natural Order ◽  
Formal Ontology ◽  
Theoretical Construct ◽  
Scientific Program ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
Philosophy Of Culture ◽  
Mature Field ◽  
The Universe

The creation of a taxonomy is an important stage in the formation of culturology as a mature field of scientific knowledge. It presupposes a discussion of the question of the foundation - a taxonomic unit that specifically structures the universe of cultures and world history. Although many efforts have been made to create a type as a taxonomic unit, this problem remains unresolved. When discussing the issue of the typological taxon of culture, three of its characteristics are distinguished (integrity, qualitative certainty and the ability to express the natural order), and two reasons are identified that do not allow to solve the problem of the typology of cultures. The first is that the concept of «type» is constructed as a theoretical construct (being logically constructed, it does not express the uniqueness of civilization / culture). The second reason is found in typological strategies in the scientific program of organicism and philosophy of life (in particular, the philosophy of culture of O. Spengler). Declaring the idea of local civilizations (independent historical principles), they do not solve the problem of the structure of reality (do not introduce a discontinuous metaphysical structure). The article substantiates the idea of creating a discontinuous paradigm of culturology, and in this regard, the prospects of the results of the phenomenological tradition of philosophy. According to time analytics of M. Heidegger, the type of unique culture is understood as its fundamental hermeneutic structure of being. The typology of cultures is understood not as a methodological, but rather as an ontological problematics predominantly. In taxonomy, a typological taxon expresses the unique characteristics of a civilization (culture) and serves as a discrete unit that specifically structures the universe of cultures. Taking into account the uniqueness of the type as a taxonomic unit, the question of a single principle of typological taxonomy (or a single architectonics of cultural studies) is raised. This issue is solved by referring to E. Husserl's theory of objectivity, to the concepts of "quasi-region" ("pure objectivity" or formal ontology) and regional ontologies ("material ontologies"). “Quasi-region” in relation to regional ontologies acts as a formal logic of objectivity, but each region, being formally subordinate to the content, is not derived from “pure objectivity.” Each region creates its own eidetic ontology, therefore the prospect of creating a typological systematics presupposes the development of an eidetics of unique regions. Moreover, a single science of culture unites culturological discourses of unique civilizations and cultures

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document