Cerebrospinal fluid markers of inflammation and infections in schizophrenia and affective disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a common complication after neurosurgical intervention. It is associated with substantial morbidity and increased healthcare costs. The current systematic review and meta-analysis aim to quantify the incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leakage in the pediatric population and identify its risk factors. Methods The authors followed the PRISMA guidelines. The Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane database were searched for studies reporting CSF leakage after intradural cranial surgery in patients up to 18 years old. Meta-analysis of incidences was performed using a generalized linear mixed model. Results Twenty-six articles were included in this systematic review. Data were retrieved of 2929 patients who underwent a total of 3034 intradural cranial surgeries. Surprisingly, only four of the included articles reported their definition of CSF leakage. The overall CSF leakage rate was 4.4% (95% CI 2.6 to 7.3%). The odds of CSF leakage were significantly greater for craniectomy as opposed to craniotomy (OR 4.7, 95% CI 1.7 to 13.4) and infratentorial as opposed to supratentorial surgery (OR 5.9, 95% CI 1.7 to 20.6). The odds of CSF leakage were significantly lower for duraplasty use versus no duraplasty (OR 0.41 95% CI 0.2 to 0.9). Conclusion The overall CSF leakage rate after intradural cranial surgery in the pediatric population is 4.4%. Risk factors are craniectomy and infratentorial surgery. Duraplasty use is negatively associated with CSF leak. We suggest defining a CSF leak as “leakage of CSF through the skin,” as an unambiguous definition is fundamental for future research.

Download Full-text

The Prognostic Significance of Biomarkers in Cerebrospinal Fluid Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3941039 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Victor Schwartz Hvingelby ◽

Carsten Bjarkam ◽

Frantz Rom Poulsen ◽

Tiit Illimar Mathiesen ◽

Morten Thingemann Bøtker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Prognostic Significance

Download Full-text

Effectiveness of Exercise Training on Male Factor Infertility: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis

Sports Health A Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

10.1177/19417381211055399 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 194173812110553

Author(s):

Behzad Hajizadeh Maleki ◽

Bakhtyar Tartibian ◽

Mohammad Chehrazi

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Reproductive Function ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Male Factor Infertility ◽

Continuous Training ◽

Male Factor ◽

Male Reproductive Function ◽

Markers Of Inflammation

Context: Mounting evidence from the literature suggests that different types of training interventions can be successful at improving several aspects of male reproductive function in both fertile and infertile populations. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of exercise training on male factor infertility and seminal markers of inflammation. Data Sources: We searched PubMed, CISCOM, Springer, Elsevier Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, PEDro, Ovid (Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO), Sport Discus, Orbis, CINAHL, Web of Science, ProQuest, and the ClinicalTrials.gov registry for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that analyzed the impacts of selected types of exercise interventions on markers of male reproductive function and reproductive performance. Study Selection: A total of 336 records were identified, of which we included 7 trials reporting on 2641 fertile and infertile men in the systematic review and network meta-analysis. Level of Evidence: Level 1 (because this is a systematic review of RCTs). Data Extraction: The data included the study design, participant characteristics, inclusion and exclusion, intervention characteristics, outcome measures, and the main results of the study. Results: The results of network meta-analysis showed that, compared with a nonintervention control group, the top-ranking interventions for pregnancy rate were for combined aerobic and resistance training (CET) (relative risk [RR] = 27.81), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) (RR = 26.67), resistance training (RT) (RR = 12.54), high-intensity continuous training (HICT) (RR = 5.55), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) (RR = 4.63). While the top-ranking interventions for live birth rate were for MICT (RR = 10.05), RT (RR = 4.92), HIIT (RR = 4.38), CET (RR = 2.20), and HICT (RR = 1.55). Also, with the following order of effectiveness, 5 training strategies were significantly better at improving semen quality parameters (CET > MICT > HICT > RT > HIIT), seminal markers of oxidative stress (CET > MICT > HIIT > HICT > RT), seminal markers of inflammation (CET > MICT > HIIT > RT > HICT), as well as measures of body composition and VO2max (CET > HICT > MICT > HIIT > RT). Conclusion: The review recommends that the intervention with the highest probability of being the best approach out of all available options for improving the male factor infertility was for CET.

Download Full-text