scholarly journals Acute social isolation and regrouping cause short- and long-term molecular changes in the rat medial amygdala

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danit Lavenda-Grosberg ◽  
Maya Lalzar ◽  
Noam Leser ◽  
Aseel Yaseen ◽  
Assaf Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Medial Amygdala ◽  
Molecular Changes ◽  
Specific Mrnas ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Neurotrophic Signaling

AbstractSocial isolation poses a severe mental and physiological burden on humans. Most animal models that investigate this effect are based on prolonged isolation, which does not mimic the milder conditions experienced by people in the real world. We show that in adult male rats, acute social isolation causes social memory loss. This memory loss is accompanied by significant changes in the expression of specific mRNAs and proteins in the medial amygdala, a brain structure that is crucial for social memory. These changes particularly involve the neurotrophic signaling and axon guidance pathways that are associated with neuronal network remodeling. Upon regrouping, memory returns, and most molecular changes are reversed within hours. However, the expression of some genes, especially those associated with neurodegenerative diseases remain modified for at least a day longer. These results suggest that acute social isolation and rapid resocialization, as experienced by millions during the COVID-19 pandemic, are sufficient to induce significant changes to neuronal networks, some of which may be pathological.

Effect of acute and chronic hypertension on short- and long-term spatial and avoidance memory in male rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholam Reza Ghavipanjeh ◽  
Hojjatllah Alaei ◽  
Majid Khazaei ◽  
Ali Asghar Pourshanazari ◽  
Reihaneh Hoveida
Keyword(s):  
Male Rats ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Avoidance Memory

Sexual behavior of male rats: Influence of short- and long-term adrenalectomy

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Poggioli ◽  
A.V Vergoni ◽  
R Santi ◽  
C Carani ◽  
G.F Baraghini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Adolescent Social Isolation Reprograms the Medial Amygdala: Transcriptome and Sex Differences in Reward

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deena M. Walker ◽  
Xianxiao Zhou ◽  
Aarthi Ramakrishnan ◽  
Hannah M. Cates ◽  
Ashley M. Cunningham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Medial Amygdala ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Transcriptional Profiles ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Differential Gene ◽  
Key Driver

ABSTRACTAdolescence is a sensitive window for reward- and stress-associated behavior. Although stress during this period causes long-term changes in behavior in males, how females respond is relatively unknown. Here we show that social isolation stress in adolescence, but not adulthood, induces persistent but opposite effects on anxiety- and cocaine-related behaviors in male vs. female mice, and that these effects are reflected in transcriptional profiles within the adult medial amygdala (meA). By integrating differential gene expression with co-expression network analyses, we identified crystallin mu (Crym), a thyroid-binding protein, as a key driver of these transcriptional profiles. Manipulation of Crym specifically within adult meA neurons recapitulates the behavioral and transcriptional effects of social isolation and re-opens a window of plasticity that is otherwise closed. Our results establish that meA is essential for sex-specific responses to stressful and rewarding stimuli through transcriptional programming that occurs during adolescence.

scholarly journals Recognizing Caregiving Fatigue in the Pandemic: Notes on Aging, Burden and Social Isolation in Emilia-Romagna, Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Francesco Diodati
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Adult Day Care ◽  
The Media ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Normative Models

In Italy, the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated lockdowns have provoked potentially serious short and long-term consequences for older people with serious health conditions as well as their family caregivers. With the closure of adult day-care centres and the suspension of private homecare services, families have needed to rearrange care activities and many are concerned about the situation of their relatives in residential homes. This article examines interpretations of aging and caregiving fatigue during the first period of national lockdown in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. The relation between old age, lockdown, and social isolation, with respect to global ideas and rhetoric, focuses on vulnerability, individual autonomy, and caregiving fatigue. I examine how the representation of the ‘burden’ of caregiving in late age shaped the media depictions, and I analyze it in relation to the meanings of fatigue attached to narrations from family caregivers and the members of a local Alzheimer’s Café. I also focus on the life story of one family caregiver to critique the idealized vision of family care that was reproduced during the pandemic. I argue that the recognition of aging and caregiving fatigue during the lockdown reflected pre-existing normative models and structural inequalities of family care rather than radically altering them.

scholarly journals EphB2 mediates social isolation-induced memory forgetting

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Rong Wu ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Xian-Dong Liu ◽  
Wu-Bo Han ◽  
Nan-Jie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Synaptic Function ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Ca1 Region ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1 Region ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1

Abstract Social isolation in adolescence leads to lasting deficits, including emotional and cognitive dysregulation. It remains unclear, however, how social isolation affects certain processes of memory and what molecular mechanisms are involved. In this study, we found that social isolation during the post-weaning period resulted in forgetting of the long-term fear memory, which was attributable to the downregulation of synaptic function in the hippocampal CA1 region mediated by EphB2, a receptor tyrosine kinase which involves in the glutamate receptor multiprotein complex. Viral-mediated EphB2 knockdown in CA1 mimicked the memory defects in group-housed mice, whereas restoration of EphB2 by either viral overexpression or resocialization reversed the memory decline in isolated mice. Taken together, our finding indicates that social isolation gives rise to memory forgetting by disrupting EphB2-mediated synaptic plasticity, which may provide a potential target for preventing memory loss caused by social isolation or loneliness.

Effects of short- and long-term REM sleep deprivation on sexual behavior in male rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Velasquez-Moctezuma ◽  
Emilio Domiguez alazar ◽  
Socorro Retana-Marguez
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Rem Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Short- and long-term reproductive effects of prenatal and lactational growth restriction caused by maternal diabetes in male rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine MP Amorim ◽  
Débora C Damasceno ◽  
Juliana E Perobelli ◽  
Raquel Spadotto ◽  
Carla DB Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Reproductive Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term
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