scholarly journals Rapid Data Analytics to Relate Sugarcane Aphid [(Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner)] Population and Damage on Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minori Uchimiya ◽  
Joseph E. Knoll
2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Perales-Rosas ◽  
Dagoberto Guillén-Sánchez ◽  
Víctor López-Martínez ◽  
María Andrade-Rodríguez ◽  
Iran Alia-Tejacal ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Karen Harris-Shultz ◽  
Xinzhi Ni

Abstract Since 2013, the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner, has been a perennial pest to U.S. sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, production with yield declines in susceptible hybrids ranging from 50 to 100%. Previous studies have found that a single clonal genotype predominates in samples collected from sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), sorghum, and Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense [L.] Persoon), from 2013 to 2017 in the continental United States. We sought to determine if the “super-clone” persists in sugarcane aphid samples collected in 2018 from five U.S. states and one territory and to identify the multilocus lineage of samples collected in 2018–2019 from a new host, giant miscanthus, Miscanthus sinensis× Miscanthus sacchariflorus Greef & Deuter ex Hodkinson & Renvoize. Thirty-one samples collected from Columbus grass (Sorghum almum Parodi), Johnsongrass, sorghum, and giant miscanthus in 2018 were genotyped using 9 simple sequence repeat markers; 29 samples had identical alleles to the multilocus lineage F super-clone. All samples (n = 7) collected from giant miscanthus in 2018–2019 also had identical alleles to the predominant genotype.


2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1932-1940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulochana Paudyal ◽  
John Scott Armstrong ◽  
Kristopher L Giles ◽  
Mark E Payton ◽  
George P Opit ◽  
...  

Abstract The sugarcane aphid Melanaphis sacchari (Zehnter) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) has emerged as a potential threat to sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) production in the United States. Since the late summer of 2013, finding and advancing M. sacchari-resistant germplasm has been a priority for all stakeholders involved. We evaluated 23 sorghum genotypes for resistance to the sugarcane aphid by testing for tolerance, and antixenosis. In addition, nine sorghum germplasm were evaluated for the expression of antibiosis. Free-choice and no-choice tests were conducted to explore the functional categories of resistance. Levels of resistance to M. sacchari were compared with the known resistant ‘TX 2783’ and the susceptible ‘KS 585’. Sorghum entries AG1201, AG1301, W844-E, and DKS 37-07 were identified as expressing tolerance, antibiosis, and antixenosis, while H13073 expressed antibiosis and GW1489 expressed both tolerance and antibiosis. These resistant sorghums identified during this study will have a significant impact on reducing economic damage from the sugarcane aphid infestations.


Author(s):  
Adrian J Pekarcik ◽  
Alana L Jacobson

Abstract The sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner), emerged as a severe pest of sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.), in Texas and Louisiana in 2013 and currently threatens nearly all sorghum production in the United States. Proper management of populations is critical as sugarcane aphid has a high reproductive potential and can rapidly damage plants, resulting in extensive yield losses. The overall objective of this work was to investigate sugarcane aphid population dynamics, and subsequent sorghum injury and grain yield on commercially available grain sorghum varieties in Alabama. This research includes three-site years of data that show variation in plant injury, physiological maturity, and yields among varieties tested. Although performance of each variety was variable among locations, potentially due to abiotic factors, four varieties including DKS 37-07, 1G588, 1G855, and 83P17 exhibited characteristics consistent with resistance and corroborates reports of resistance from other states.


La Calera ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (35) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Ivania Zeledón C ◽  
Edgardo Jiménez-Martínez ◽  
Harold A. Ortiz B ◽  
Byron U. Rojas V

El sorgo (Sorghum bicolor), pertenece a la familia de las Poaceae, es producido por pequeños y medianos productores en Nicaragua; en 2016 fue atacado por el pulgón amarillo del sorgo (Melanaphis Sacchari Zehntner) una plaga recién introducida al país, en ese mismo año ocasionó pérdidas entre 30 y 40 %. Este estudio se realizó con el objetivo de determinar el comportamiento biológico y ecológico de Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner en el cultivo del Sorgo. Se llevó a cabo entre los meses de Julio a octubre del 2017, en el Centro Experimental El Plantel, donde se delimitó un ensayo de 36 m X 24.8 m, colocando seis trampas de dos colores (amarilla y roja), a tres diferentes alturas (0.5 m, 1.0 m y 1.50 m) en cada uno de los cuatro lados de la parcela obteniendo un total de 24 trampas, se realizaron muestreo de malezas gramíneas para determinar los hospederos alternos del pulgón, tomando tres puntos a una distancia de cinco metros de la parcela en cada una de las coordenadas geográficas, así mismo 100 plantas de sorgo se muestrearon para determinar la fluctuación poblacional del pulgón amarillo y sus enemigos naturales. Los resultados indicaron que las trampas de color amarillo son las que atraparon más insectos y vuelan indistintamente a las diferentes alturas evaluadas. Los principales enemigos naturales asociados al pulgón amarillo del sorgo encontrados son: especies de la familia Syrphidae, Chrysoperla externa, Cycloneda sanguínea y Ceraochrysa sp. La maleza hospedera predominante fue Sorghum halepense. Se presentaron grandes poblaciones de M. sacchari a los 72 días después de la siembra. M. sacchari alcanzó una fecundidad diaria de uno a 17 individuos por hembra con una progenie total de 63 a 86 ninfas pasando por cinco estadios ninfales, todo su ciclo de vida dura de 22 a 24 días.


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