scholarly journals Improved performance of a rainbow trout selected strain is associated with protein digestion rates and synchronization of amino acid absorption

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Brezas ◽  
Ronald W. Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Acid Absorption ◽  
Amino Acid Absorption ◽  
Improved Performance

scholarly journals Protein Type, Protein Dose, and Age Modulate Dietary Protein Digestion and Phenylalanine Absorption Kinetics and Plasma Phenylalanine Availability in Humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (8) ◽  
pp. 2041-2050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan H M Gorissen ◽  
Jorn Trommelen ◽  
Imre W K Kouw ◽  
Andrew M Holwerda ◽  
Bart Pennings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Absorption Kinetics ◽  
Acid Absorption ◽  
Amino Acid Absorption ◽  
Type Protein ◽  
Protein Ingestion

ABSTRACT Background Dietary protein ingestion stimulates muscle protein synthesis by providing amino acids to the muscle. The magnitude and duration of the postprandial increase in muscle protein synthesis rates are largely determined by dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics. Objective We assessed the impact of protein type, protein dose, and age on dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics in vivo in humans. Methods We included data from 18 randomized controlled trials with a total of 602 participants [age: 53 ± 23 y; BMI (kg/m2): 24.8 ± 3.3] who consumed various quantities of intrinsically l-[1-13C]-phenylalanine–labeled whey (n = 137), casein (n = 393), or milk (n = 72) protein and received intravenous infusions of l-[ring-2H5]-phenylalanine, which allowed us to assess protein digestion and phenylalanine absorption kinetics and the postprandial release of dietary protein–derived phenylalanine into the circulation. The effect of aging on these processes was assessed in a subset of 82 young (aged 22 ± 3 y) and 83 older (aged 71 ± 5 y) individuals. Results A total of 50% ± 14% of dietary protein–derived phenylalanine appeared in the circulation over a 5-h postprandial period. Casein ingestion resulted in a smaller (45% ± 11%), whey protein ingestion in an intermediate (57% ± 10%), and milk protein ingestion in a greater (65% ± 13%) fraction of dietary protein–derived phenylalanine appearing in the circulation (P < 0.001). The postprandial availability of dietary protein–derived phenylalanine in the circulation increased with the ingestion of greater protein doses (P < 0.05). Protein digestion and phenylalanine absorption kinetics were attenuated in older when compared with young individuals, with 45% ± 10% vs. 51% ± 14% of dietary protein–derived phenylalanine appearing in the circulation, respectively (P = 0.001). Conclusions Protein type, protein dose, and age modulate dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics and subsequent postprandial plasma amino acid availability in vivo in humans. These trials were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00557388, NCT00936039, NCT00991523, NCT01317511, NCT01473576, NCT01576848, NCT01578590, NCT01615276, NCT01680146, NCT01820975, NCT01986842, and NCT02596542, and at http://www.trialregister.nl as NTR3638, NTR3885, NTR4060, NTR4429, and NTR4492.

scholarly journals Effects of Extrusion of Whole Horse Beans on Protein Digestion and Amino Acid Absorption in Dairy Cows

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1360-1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Benchaar ◽  
M. Vernay ◽  
C. Bayourthe ◽  
R. Moncoulon
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Acid Absorption ◽  
Amino Acid Absorption

scholarly journals Jejunal Casein Feeding Is Followed by More Rapid Protein Digestion and Amino Acid Absorption When Compared with Gastric Feeding in Healthy Young Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 145 (9) ◽  
pp. 2033-2038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Luttikhold ◽  
Klaske van Norren ◽  
Nikki Buijs ◽  
Marjolein Ankersmit ◽  
Annemieke C Heijboer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Acid Absorption ◽  
Amino Acid Absorption ◽  
Gastric Feeding

scholarly journals Accelerated protein digestion and amino acid absorption after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

2015 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirstine N Bojsen-Møller ◽  
Siv H Jacobsen ◽  
Carsten Dirksen ◽  
Nils B Jørgensen ◽  
Søren Reitelseder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Acid Absorption ◽  
Amino Acid Absorption

scholarly journals Ingestion of Free Amino Acids as Opposed to Intact Protein Increases Amino Acid Absorption but Does Not Further Augment Postprandial Muscle Protein Synthesis Rates

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 673-673
Author(s):  
Michelle E G Weijzen ◽  
Rob JJ van Gassel ◽  
Imre W K Kouw ◽  
Stefan H M Gorissen ◽  
Marcel CG van de Poll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Acid Absorption ◽  
Amino Acid Absorption

Abstract Objectives The rate of protein digestion and amino acid absorption determines the postprandial rise in circulating amino acids and, as such, modulates postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates. This study compares protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics and the subsequent muscle protein synthetic response following ingestion of intact protein versus an equivalent amount of free, crystalline amino acids. Methods Twenty-four healthy, young subjects (age: 22 ± 3 y, BMI: 23 ± 2 kg·m−2, sex: 12 M/12F) ingested 30 g intrinsically L-[1–13C]-phenylalanine and L-[1–13C]-leucine labeled milk protein (PROT; n = 12) or an equivalent amount of free amino acids (AA; n = 12). In addition, subjects received primed continuous L-[ring-2H5]-phenylalanine, L-[ring-3,5–2H2]-tyrosine, and L-[1–13C]-leucine infusions. Blood samples and muscle biopsies were obtained frequently to assess protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics and subsequent muscle protein synthesis rates over a 6 h postprandial period. An unpaired t-test was used to compare overall exogenous phenylalanine release in plasma. For other parameters repeated measures ANOVA were applied to determine differences between groups over time (time as within, and group as between-subjects factor). Data are expressed as mean ± SD. Results Postprandial plasma amino acid concentrations and exogenous phenylalanine appearance rates increased after ingestion of PROT and AA (both, P < 0.001), with a greater increase following ingestion of AA when compared to PROT (time*group interaction P < 0.001). Exogenous phenylalanine release in plasma assessed over the 6 h postprandial period, was greater in AA (76 ± 9%) compared with PROT (59 ± 10%; P < 0.001). Ingestion of AA and PROT strongly increased muscle protein synthesis rates based upon L-[ring-2H5]-phenylalanine (time effect P < 0.001), with no differences between groups (from 0.037 ± 0.015 to 0.053 ± 0.014%·h−1 and from 0.039 ± 0.016 to 0.051 ± 0.010%·h−1, respectively; time*group interaction P = 0.629). Conclusions Ingestion of free amino acids as opposed to intact milk protein is followed by more rapid amino acid absorption and greater postprandial plasma amino acid availability, but this does not further augment postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates. Funding Sources This research did not receive external funding.

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